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Timurid Civil Wars
The Timurid wars of succession were a set of three war of succession, wars of succession in Central Asia waged between princes (''amirs'') of the Timurid Empire during the 15th century and early 16th century following deaths of important monarchs. * First Timurid War of Succession (1405–1409/11), after the death of Timur, Timur the Lame * Second Timurid war of succession (1447–1459), after the death of Shahrukh Mirza * Third Timurid war of succession (1469–1507), after the death of Abu Sa'id Mirza See also * Mughal war of succession (other) * Persian war of succession (other) References {{Timurid Empire Timurid wars of succession, Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Asia Wars of succession involving the states and peoples of Asia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Of Succession
A war of succession is a war prompted by a succession crisis in which two or more individuals claim to be the Order of succession, rightful successor to a demise of the Crown, deceased or deposition (politics), deposed monarch. The rivals are typically supported by Political faction, factions within the Court (royal), royal court. Foreign powers sometimes Interventionism (politics)#Foreign interventionism, intervene, alliance, allying themselves with a faction. This may widen the war into one between those powers. Wars of succession were some of the most prevalent types of Casus belli#Categorisation, wars by cause throughout human history, but the replacement of absolute monarchy, absolute monarchies by an international order based on democracy with constitutional monarchy, constitutional monarchies or republics ended almost all such wars by 1900. Terminology Descriptions In historiography and literature, a ''war of succession'' may also be referred to as a ''succession ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Asia
Central Asia is a region of Asia consisting of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The countries as a group are also colloquially referred to as the "-stans" as all have names ending with the Persian language, Persian suffix "-stan" (meaning ) in both respective native languages and most other languages. The region is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the southwest, European Russia to the northwest, China and Mongolia to the east, Afghanistan and Iran to the south, and Siberia to the north. Together, the five Central Asian countries have a total population of around million. In the pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras ( and earlier) Central Asia was inhabited predominantly by Iranian peoples, populated by Eastern Iranian-speaking Bactrians, Sogdians, Khwarezmian language, Chorasmians, and the semi-nomadic Scythians and Dahae. As the result of Turkic migration, Central Asia also became the homeland for the Kazakhs, Kyrgyzs, Volga Tatars, Tatars, Turkmens, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amir
Emir (; ' (), also transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a history of use in West Asia, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and South Asia. In the modern era, when used as a formal monarchical title, it is roughly synonymous with "prince", applicable both to a son of a hereditary monarch, and to a reigning monarch of a sovereign principality, namely an emirate. The feminine form is emira ( '), with the same meaning as "princess". Prior to its use as a monarchical title, the term "emir" was historically used to denote a "commander", "general", or "leader" (for example, Amir al-Mu'min). In contemporary usage, "emir" is also sometimes used as either an honorary or formal title for the head of an Islamic, or Arab (regardless of religion) organisation or movement. Qatar and Kuwait are the only ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timurid Empire
The Timurid Empire was a late medieval, culturally Persianate, Turco-Mongol empire that dominated Greater Iran in the early 15th century, comprising modern-day Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, much of Central Asia, the South Caucasus, and parts of contemporary Pakistan, North India, and Turkey. The empire was culturally hybrid, combining Turkic, Mongolic, and Persian influences, with the last members of the dynasty being regarded as "ideal Perso-Islamic rulers". The empire was founded by Timur (also known as Tamerlane), a warlord of Turco-Mongol lineage, who established the empire between 1370 and his death in 1405. He envisioned himself as the great restorer of the Mongol Empire of Genghis Khan, regarded himself as Genghis's heir, and associated closely with the Borjigin. Timur continued vigorous trade relations with Ming China and the Golden Horde, with Chinese diplomats like Ma Huan and Chen Cheng regularly traveling west to Samarkand to buy and sell goods. The empire led ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Timurid War Of Succession
The Timurid War of Succession was a conflict that arose following the death of Timur, the supreme leader and founder of the Timurid Empire. The empire's lack of political structure or designation of proper succession law led to the empire's unity immediately collapsing following Timur's death. Timur initially had chosen his grandson, Pir Muhammad, as the heir to the empire, though this choice did not go to plan. Many factions and local princes (''amirs'') vied for suzerainty over the vast realm throughout the conflict, though the two major opponents of Khalil Sultan and Shah Rukh were the most successful in enforcing their claim to the throne. The succession war eventually concluded with the capture of the imperial capital of Samarkand in 1409 by Shah Rukh, Timur's fourth son. Shah Rukh would rule until his death, upon which the Second Timurid War of Succession would break out. Background The Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur led numerous campaigns throughout Asia and Eastern Europ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timur
Timur, also known as Tamerlane (1320s17/18 February 1405), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire in and around modern-day Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia, becoming the first ruler of the Timurid dynasty. An undefeated commander, he is widely regarded as one of the greatest military leaders and tacticians in history, as well as one of the most brutal and deadly. Timur is also considered a great patron of art and architecture, for he interacted with intellectuals such as Ibn Khaldun, Hafez, and Hafiz-i Abru and his reign introduced the Timurid Renaissance. Born into the Turkicized Mongol confederation of the Barlas in Transoxiana (in modern-day Uzbekistan) in the 1320s, Timur gained control of the western Chagatai Khanate by 1370. From that base he led military campaigns across Western, South, and Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Southern Russia, defeating in the process the Khans of the Golden Horde, the Mamluks of Egypt and Syria, the emerg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Timurid War Of Succession
The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day first into 24 hours, then to 60 minutes, and finally to 60 seconds each (24 × 60 × 60 = 86400). The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise: The second ..is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency, Δ''ν''Cs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1. This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation. The definition that is based on of a rotation of the earth is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system. Etymology "Minute" comes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shahrukh Mirza
Shah Rukh or Shahrukh Mirza (, ''Šāhrokh''; 20 August 1377 – 13 March 1447) was the ruler of the Timurid Empire between 1405 and 1447. He was the son of the Central Asian conqueror Timur (Tamerlane), who founded the Timurid dynasty in 1370. However, Shah Rukh ruled only over the eastern portion of the empire established by his father, comprising most of Persia and Transoxiana, the western territories having been lost to invaders in the aftermath of Timur's death. In spite of this, Shah Rukh's empire remained a cohesive dominion of considerable extent throughout his reign, as well as a dominant power in Asia. Shah Rukh controlled the main trade routes between Asia and Europe, including the legendary Silk Road, and became immensely wealthy as a result. He chose to have his capital not in Samarqand as his father had done, but in Herat. This was to become the political centre of the Timurid empire and residence of his principal successors, though both cities benefited from the w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Third Timurid War Of Succession
Third or 3rd may refer to: Numbers * 3rd, the ordinal form of the cardinal number 3 * , a fraction of one third * 1⁄60 of a ''second'', i.e., the third in a series of fractional parts in a sexagesimal number system Places * 3rd Street (other) * Third Avenue (other) * Highway 3 Music Music theory *Interval number of three in a musical interval **Major third, a third spanning four semitones **Minor third, a third encompassing three half steps, or semitones **Neutral third, wider than a minor third but narrower than a major third **Augmented third, an interval of five semitones **Diminished third, produced by narrowing a minor third by a chromatic semitone *Third (chord), chord member a third above the root *Degree (music), three away from tonic **Mediant, third degree of the diatonic scale **Submediant, sixth degree of the diatonic scale – three steps below the tonic ** Chromatic mediant, chromatic relationship by thirds *Ladder of thirds, similar to the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Sa'id Mirza
Abu Sa'id Mirza ( Chagatay/; 14248 February 1469) was the ruler of the Timurid Empire during the mid-fifteenth century. Born a minor prince of the Timurid dynasty, Abu Sa'id quickly established himself as the most prominent among his warring relations. Over the course of two decades, he reunified much of the Timurid Empire, which had become fractured in the aftermath of the death of his great-uncle Shah Rukh. However, Abu Sa'id's hopes of restoring the empire to its former extent at the time of Timur ultimately failed after he was killed during an invasion of what is now western Iran. He was the paternal grandfather of Babur, who later founded the Mughal Empire of India. Early life and background Abu Sa'id Mirza was born in 1424, the second son of the Timurid prince Muhammad Mirza by his wife Shah Islam. His father was a son of Miran Shah, himself the third son of Timur. His mother was the daughter of Suhrab Kurd and a relative of Izz al-Din Shir of Hakkari, who was a fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mughal War Of Succession (other)
Mughal war of succession may refer to: * Mughal war of succession (1627–1628), after the death of emperor Nuruddin Salim Jahangir of the Mughal Empire * Mughal war of succession (1658–1659), after grave illness of emperor Shah Jahan of the Mughal Empire * Mughal war of succession (1707–1709), after the death of emperor Aurangzeb of the Mughal Empire * Mughal war of succession (1712–1720), after the death of emperor Bahadur Shah I of the Mughal Empire See also * Princely rebellion § Mughal Empire, for princely wars against well-established Mughal emperors * Pandyan Civil War (1169–1177), between Parakrama Pandyan I and his son * Pandyan Civil war of 1308-1323, after the death of Maravarman Kulasekara Pandyan I * Marava war of succession (1720–1729), after the death of raja Raghunatha Kilavan of the Ramnad estate * Maratha war of succession (1749–1752), after the death of maharaja Shahu I of the Maratha Empire * Persian war of succession (other) * India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian War Of Succession (other)
Persian war of succession may refer to: * Persian war of succession (404–401 BCE) ending with the Battle of Cunaxa, after the death of Darius II of the Achaemenid Empire * Parthian war of succession (57–54 BCE), between Mithridates IV and his brother Orodes II after killing their father, king Phraates III of the Parthian Empire ** The Roman invasion of Parthia in 54 BCE, ending catastrophically at the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BCE, was partially motivated by or justified as supporting Mithridates' claim to the Parthian throne * Parthian wars of succession between Vologases III, Osroes I, Parthamaspates, Mithridates V and Vologases IV (105–147), after the death of king Pacorus II of Parthia ** Trajan's Parthian campaign (115–117), the intervention of the Roman emperor Trajan in favour of Parthamaspates * Dynastic struggle between Vologases VI and Artabanus IV (213–222), after the death of their father Vologases V of Parthia ** Parthian war of Caracalla (216–217), Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
