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Timișoara Prison
Timișoara Prison is a prison located in Timișoara, Romania. It is intended for convicts with sentences of up to three years, classified under open regime, semi-open regime and preventive detention. History The current prison was built after the demolition of the walls of the Timișoara Fortress, and the first written evidence of the existence of a place where prisoners were kept can be found in the ''Annals of the Kingdom of Hungary'' from 1514. In 1728, Count Claude Florimond de Mercy, commander of Timișoara and governor of Banat, founds the building intended for the Provincial Court, the arrested being moved to the cellars of the building. In 1807, Emperor Francis I orders their imprisonment in casemate no. 10 of bastion no. 1, and from the completion of the new construction, in 1810, all the prisoners are kept here, until 1907, when it is demolished. It was also then that the construction of the Court-Martial Palace (the current Tribunal and Military Prosecutor's Office) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timișoara
Timișoara (, , ; , also or ; ; ; see #Etymology, other names) is the capital city of Timiș County, Banat, and the main economic, social and cultural center in Western Romania. Located on the Bega (Tisza), Bega River, Timișoara is considered the informal capital city of the historical Banat region. From 1848 to 1860 it was the capital of the Serbian Vojvodina and the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar. With 250,849 inhabitants at the 2021 Romanian census, 2021 census, Timișoara is the country's List of cities and towns in Romania, fifth most populous city. It is home to around 400,000 inhabitants in its Timișoara metropolitan area, metropolitan area, while the Timișoara–Arad metropolis concentrates more than 70% of the population of Timiș and Arad County, Arad counties. Timișoara is a multicultural city, home to 21 ethnic groups and 18 religious denominations. Historically, the most numerous were the Banat Swabians, Swabian Germans, Jews and Hungarians, who ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Anti-communist Resistance Movement
The Romanian anti-communist resistance movement began in 1944 as Soviet troops entered Romania and was active from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s, with isolated individual fighters remaining at large until the early 1960s. Armed resistance was the first and most structured form of resistance against the Romanian People's Republic, which in turn regarded the fighters as "bandits". It was not until the overthrow of Nicolae Ceaușescu in late 1989 that details about what was called "anti-communist armed resistance" were made public. It was only then that the public learned about the several small armed groups, which sometimes termed themselves "hajduks", that had taken refuge in the Carpathian Mountains, where some hid for ten years from authorities. The last fighter was eliminated in the mountains of Banat in 1962. The Romanian resistance was one of the longest lasting armed movements in the former Eastern Bloc. Some academics argue that the extent and influence of the movement ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prisons In Romania
A prison, also known as a jail, gaol, penitentiary, detention center, correction center, correctional facility, or remand center, is a facility where people are imprisoned under the authority of the state, usually as punishment for various crimes. They may also be used to house those awaiting trial (pre-trial detention). Prisons are most commonly used within a criminal-justice system by authorities: people charged with crimes may be imprisoned until their trial; and those who have pleaded or been found guilty of crimes at trial may be sentenced to a specified period of imprisonment. Prisons can also be used as a tool for political repression by authoritarian regimes who detain perceived opponents for political crimes, often without a fair trial or due process; this use is illegal under most forms of international law governing fair administration of justice. In times of war, belligerents or neutral countries may detain prisoners of war or detainees in military prisons or in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ion Ioanid
Ion Ioanid (28 March 1926 – 12 October 2003) was a Romanian dissident and writer. Ioanid was a political prisoner of the Communism in Romania, communist-led regime after World War II, who spent 12 years in prison and labor camps. He is best known for taking part in the 1953 Cavnic Lead mine prison camps in Communist Romania, lead mine labor camp escape and for his book "Give us each day our daily prison" (''Închisoarea noastră cea de toate zilele''), a reference to the verse from the Christianity, Christian Lord's Prayer. The book is a comprehensive recollection of his time spent in Detention (imprisonment), detention. He is considered a Romanians, Romanian Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Solzhenitsyn, as his description of the communist detention regime in Romania is the most detailed one submitted by one of its victims. Biography Ioanid was born on 28 March 1926 at his father's estate in Ilovăț village, Mehedinți County. His godfather was Octavian Goga, a friend of his father, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titus Popovici
Titus Viorel Popovici (16 May 1930 – 29 November 1994) was a Romanian screenwriter and author. Biography He graduated from the University of Bucharest in 1953. Two years later, he published his first novel, ''Străinul'' (The Stranger). His first screenplay appeared in 1957. It was an adaptation of the novel ''Moara cu noroc'' (The Lucky Mill) by Ioan Slavici. From then on, he concentrated on screenwriting, working with prominent directors such as Liviu Ciulei, Andrei Blaier, Manole Marcus and Sergiu Nicolaescu. In 1974, he became a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy and joined the Writers' Union of Romania. He was also a member of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party and served in the Great National Assembly (Socialist Republic of Romania), Great National Assembly as a Deputy from Bihor County. He died as the result of an automobile accident near Tulcea. It was later suggested that his death was not accidental but, rather, that he was eliminated ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sever Bocu
Sever may refer to: Places in Portugal * Sever, Santa Marta de Penaguião, a civil parish in the municipality of Santa Marta de Penaguião * Sever, Moimenta da Beira, a civil parish in Moimenta da Beira Municipality * Sever do Vouga Municipality, a municipality in the district of Aveiro * Sever River, a tributary of the Tagus River People * Sever Dron (born 1944), Romanian tennis player * Sever Mureșan (born 1948), Romanian tennis player * Sever Voinescu (born 1969), Romanian politician * Henry Sever (died 1471), English divine * Ioan Axente Sever (1821–1906), Romanian revolutionary * J. W. Sever, the physician who characterized Sever's disease in 1912 * Savin Sever (1927–2003), Slovene architect * Stane Sever (1914–1970), Slovenian actor * Sever, stage name of Canadian singer Skye Sweetnam * Agent Sever, a fictional character in the film '' Ballistic: Ecks vs. Sever'' Other uses * Sever Murmansk, a Russian football club * Sever Pipeline, an oil product pipeline i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Revolution Of 1956
The Hungarian Revolution of 1956 (23 October – 4 November 1956; ), also known as the Hungarian Uprising, was an attempted countrywide revolution against the government of the Hungarian People's Republic (1949–1989) and the policies caused by the government's subordination to the Soviet Union (USSR). The uprising lasted 15 days before being crushed by Soviet tanks and troops on 7 November 1956 (outside of Budapest firefights lasted until at least 12 November 1956).Granville, Johanna. The First Domino: International Decision Making During the Hungarian Crisis of 1956, pp. 94-195. Thousands were killed or wounded, and nearly a quarter of a million Hungarians fled the country. The Hungarian Revolution began on 23 October 1956 in Budapest when university students appealed to the civil populace to join them at the Hungarian Parliament Building to protest against the USSR's geopolitical domination of Hungary through the Stalinist government of Mátyás Rákosi. A delegation of s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gherla Prison
Gherla Prison is a penitentiary located in the Romanian city of Gherla (), in Cluj County. The prison dates from 1785; it is infamous for the treatment of its political inmates, especially during the Communist regime. In Romanian slang, the generic word for a prison is "gherlă", after the institution. History Early years The prison was built on the site of an old fortress from 1540. The Sabbatarian Simon Péchi was arrested in May 1621 by then-Prince Gabriel Bethlen and spent three years in Szamosújvár Prison. In 1785, Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor decreed it as the central prison for Transylvania, and it opened in 1787. The military deposit rooms and barns were turned into large detention rooms, seven for men and two for women. Two pillories were built, one in front of the prison and the other in the town center. Following the Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan, some 10,000 prisoners passed through over the next decade. Inmates had to pay for their own food and clothing o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Securitate
The Department of State Security (), commonly known as the Securitate (, ), was the secret police agency of the Socialist Republic of Romania. It was founded on 30 August 1948 from the '' Siguranța'' with help and direction from the Soviet MGB. The Securitate was, in proportion to Romania's population, one of the largest secret police forces in the Eastern bloc. The first budget of the Securitate in 1948 stipulated a number of 4,641 positions, of which 3,549 were filled by February 1949: 64% were workers, 4% peasants, 28% clerks, 2% persons of unspecified origin, and 2% intellectuals. By 1951, the Securitate's staff had increased fivefold, while in January 1956, the Securitate had 25,468 employees.Cristian Troncota"Securitatea: Începuturile", Magazin Istoric, 1998 At its height, the Securitate employed some 15,000 agents and almost half a million informants for a country with a population of 23 million by 1989. The Securitate under Nicolae Ceaușescu was one of the most br ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandru Nicolschi
Alexandru Nicolschi (born Boris Grünberg, his chosen surname was often rendered as Nikolski or Nicolski; , ; June 2, 1915 – April 16, 1992) was a Romanian communist activist, Soviet agent and officer, and Securitate chief under the Communist regime. Active until 1961, he was one of the most recognizable leaders of violent political repression. Biography Early life Born to a Jewish family in Tiraspol, on the eastern bank of the Dniester river (part of Imperial Russia at the time), he was the son of Alexandru Grünberg, a miller. In 1932, he joined the local section of the Romanian Union of Communist Youth, a wing of the Romanian Communist Party (PCdR); in 1933, due to his political activities, he was arrested and held for two weeks by the Romanian secret police, Siguranța Statului.Deletant, p. 19 Later in the 1930s, as associates of General Secretary Vitali Holostenco, he and Vasile Luca were elected to the internal Politburo (which was doubled by a controlling body inside th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aiud Prison
Aiud Prison is a prison complex in Aiud, Alba County, located in central Transylvania, Romania. It is infamous for the treatment of its political inmates, especially during World War II under the rule of Ion Antonescu, and later under the Communist regime. History Early days The first mention of the structure dates from 1786. From 1839 to 1849 it served as prison next to the Aiud court of law. After being devastated by fire in January 1849, a new prison was built in 1857, and completed in 1860. An isolation unit, named Zarca (from the Hungarian zárka, meaning solitary), was added in 1881–1882. Finally, between 1889 and 1892, a T-shaped unit with 312 individual cells was erected. Gheorghe Șincai was a prisoner at Aiud in 1794–1795. The interwar and World War II During the period 1926–1943, some 143 Communist activists were imprisoned at Aiud peninteciary. Moreover, after the defeat of the Legionnaires' rebellion in 1941, Iron Guard members were also detained there. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
