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Tiberius Claudius Nero (consul 202 BC)
Tiberius Claudius Nero ( 204–202 BC) was a Roman senator. In 204 BC, as praetor, he was assigned to govern Sardinia, in which capacity he gathered and shipped supplies of grain and clothing for soldiers under the command of Scipio in Africa. Elected consul for 202 BC, he was assigned to Africa with ''imperium'' equal to that of Scipio, but storms and delays in his preparations prevented him from ever arriving. His consular colleague was M. Servilius Pulex Geminus. He was the last consul of the Claudii Nerones until his descendant (the future emperor) Tiberius was elected in 13 BC. It is possible that this Nero was the one who in 172 BC participated in diplomatic missions. The historical sources for which pose difficulties. Livy says he was sent on an embassy with a Marcus Decimius to Asia and islands in the Aegean, including Rhodes and Crete, and travelled as far as Syria and Egypt. His task was to renew friendships and alliances, and to gather information on the influence of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Praetor
''Praetor'' ( , ), also ''pretor'', was the title granted by the government of ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected ''magistratus'' (magistrate), assigned to discharge various duties. The functions of the magistracy, the ''praetura'' (praetorship), are described by the adjective itself: the ''praetoria potestas'' (praetorian power), the ''praetorium imperium'' (praetorian authority), and the ''praetorium ius'' (praetorian law), the legal precedents established by the ''praetores'' (praetors). ''Praetorium'', as a substantive, denoted the location from which the praetor exercised his authority, either the headquarters of his ''castra'', the courthouse (tribunal) of his judiciary, or the city hall of his provincial governorship. The minimum age for holding the praetorship was 39 during the Roman Republic, but it was later changed to 30 in the early Empire. History of the title The status of the ''pra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seleucid Empire
The Seleucid Empire ( ) was a Greek state in West Asia during the Hellenistic period. It was founded in 312 BC by the Macedonian general Seleucus I Nicator, following the division of the Macedonian Empire founded by Alexander the Great, and ruled by the Seleucid dynasty until its annexation by the Roman Republic under Pompey in 63 BC. After receiving the Mesopotamian regions of Babylonia and Assyria in 321 BC, Seleucus I began expanding his dominions to include the Near Eastern territories that encompass modern-day Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Syria, and Lebanon, all of which had been under Macedonian control after the fall of the former Achaemenid Empire. At the Seleucid Empire's height, it had consisted of territory that covered Anatolia, Persia, the Levant, Mesopotamia, and what are now modern Kuwait, Afghanistan, and parts of Turkmenistan. The Seleucid Empire was a major center of Hellenistic culture. Greek customs and language were privileged; the wide vari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3rd-century BC Roman Praetors
The 3rd century was the period from AD 201 (represented by the Roman numerals CCI) to AD 300 (CCC) in accordance with the Julian calendar. In this century, the Roman Empire saw a crisis, starting with the assassination of the Roman Emperor Severus Alexander in 235, plunging the empire into a period of economic troubles, barbarian incursions, political upheavals, civil wars, and the split of the Roman Empire through the Gallic Empire in the west and the Palmyrene Empire in the east, which all together threatened to destroy the Roman Empire in its entirety, but the reconquests of the seceded territories by Emperor Aurelian and the stabilization period under Emperor Diocletian due to the administrative strengthening of the empire caused an end to the crisis by 284. This crisis would also mark the beginning of Late Antiquity. While in North Africa, Roman rule continued with growing Christian influence, particularly in the region of Carthage. In Persia, the Parthian Empire was suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Publius Aelius Paetus (consul 201 BC)
Publius Aelius Paetus (fl. c. 240 BC – 174 BC) was a Roman consul of the late 3rd century BC. He was a prominent supporter of Scipio Africanus, and was elected censor with Africanus in 199. Family Publius Aelius Paetus was apparently the elder surviving son of Quintus Aelius Paetus, a praetor who was killed at Cannae in August 216 BC. The father may have been descended from Publius Aelius Paetus, who was consul in 337 BC and a Master of the Horse, and as such, one of the earliest plebeian consuls; another ancestor may have been Gaius Aelius Paetus, consul in 286 BC. His younger brother was Sextus Aelius Paetus Catus who became consul in 198 and censor in 194, and is best known to us via Cicero as a jurist and commentator on the ''Twelve Tables''. Political life Aelius Paetus makes relatively few appearances in Livy's ''History of Rome.'' He was aedile in 204 BC, was elected praetor in 203 BC and then selected as Master of the Horse, and became consul in 201 with Gnaeus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus (consul 201 BC)
Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus (consul 201 BC) served as quaestor of the Roman Republic in 212 BC, curule aedile and consul in 201 BC. His brother Lucius Cornelius Lentulus was also consul in 199 BC. Gnaeus was possibly the son of L. Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus Caudinus, curule aedile in 209 BC, though the presence of the praenomen Gnaeus, along with the absence of the agnomen Caudinus, are opposed to this connection. Career He wished for the province of Africa, that he might conclude the war with Carthage; but this well-earned glory was reserved for Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus by the Senate. Lentulus had the command of the fleet on the coast of Sicily, with orders to pass over to Africa if necessary. Scipio used to say, that but for Lentulus' greediness he should have destroyed Carthage. Cn. Lentulus was proconsul in Hither Spain in 199 BC, and received an ovation for his services. In Book 18 of ''The Histories'', Greek historian Polybius Polybius (; , ; ) was a Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Roman Republican Consuls
This is a list of Roman consul, consuls known to have held office, from the beginning of the Roman Republic to the latest use of the title in Roman Empire, Imperial times, together with those magistrates of the Republic who were appointed in place of consuls, or who superseded consular authority for a limited period. Background Republican consuls From the establishment of the Republic to the time of Augustus, the consuls were the chief Roman magistrate, magistrates of the Roman state. Traditionally, two were simultaneously appointed for a year-long term, so that the executive power of the state was not vested in a single individual, as it had been under the Kings of Rome, kings. As other ancient societies dated historical events according to the reigns of their kings, it became customary at Rome to date events by the names of the consuls in office when the events occurred, rather than (for instance) by counting the number of years ab urbe condita, since the foundation of the city, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaius Servilius Geminus (consul)
Gaius Servilius Geminus (died 180 BC) was a Roman statesman who served as Consul in 203 BC, Dictator in 202 BC (the last in 120 years), and '' Pontifex Maximus'' from 183 BC to 180 BC. Heritage Geminus was the son of Gaius Servilius Geminus, a Roman magistrate. He was a member of '' gens Servilia'', a patrician family. Early career In 212 BC, Geminus was sent to Etruria to buy grain for the troops of the Roman garrison in Tarentum, then besieged by Hannibal. He successfully penetrated the city and delivered supplies. In 210 BC, he was elected Pontifex in place of Titus Otacilius Crassus, and in 209 BC was chosen as Aedile. He was selected to serve as ''magister equitum'' while exercising his position as Aedile, under dictator Titus Manlius Torquatus. In 206 BC, he became a praetor and obtained Sicily as a province.Livy, 28.10 Consulship and later career Geminus was elected consul, alongside Gnaeus Servilius Caepio, in 203 BC, and obtained Etruria as a province. From th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gnaeus Servilius Caepio (consul 203 BC)
Gnaeus Servilius Caepio (died 174 BC) was a Roman statesman who served as Roman consul in 203 BC. He was elected Pontiff in 213 BC, replacing C. Pupilius Maso; he became Aedile in 207, celebrating the Ludi Romani three times. In 205 he became Praetor. As consul, he was the last Roman general to fight against Hannibal in Bruttium, (South Italy) where many cities surrendered to him; after the latter left Italy, Caepio crossed over into Sicily planning to go from there into Africa. The Roman Senate, fearing that Caepio would ignore their commands, created a dictator, Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus, to recall him. Later on, in 194 BC, he was sent as a legate to Carthage, causing Hannibal's exile to the court of Antiochus III the Great the Seleucid Emperor. Then in 192 BC, he was sent as a legate into Greece to rile up the Roman allies in a potential conflict with Antiochus the Great. Cnaeus Servilius died in 174 BC, during a great epidemic.Livy Titus Livius (; 59 BC – AD 17), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Münzer
Friedrich Münzer (22 April 1868 – 20 October 1942) was a German classical scholar noted for the development of prosopography, particularly for his demonstrations of how family relationships in ancient Rome connected to political struggles. He died in Theresienstadt concentration camp. Biography He was born at Oppeln, Silesia (now Opole, Poland), into a Jewish merchant family, went to Leipzig University and then in 1887 to Berlin University, where he wrote his thesis ''De Gente Valeria'' under the supervision of Otto Hirschfeld. In 1893 he traveled to Rome, where Georg Wissowa recruited him to write biographical articles for the ''Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft''. From there he went to Athens and participated in excavations on the Acropolis. He also met Clara Engels there; they were married two years later, on 4 September 1897. Meanwhile, Münzer had been appointed as an unsalaried lecturer at University of Basel in 1896; he and Clara were supported ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spurius Postumius Albinus Paullulus
Spurius Postumius Albinus Paullulus was a politician of ancient Rome, of patrician rank, of the 2nd century BC. He was praetor in Sicily in 183 BC, and consul in 174 BC.Livy, xxxix. 45, xli. 26, xliii. 2 He was probably a brother of Aulus Postumius Albinus Luscus and Lucius Postumius Albinus, and perhaps obtained the agnomen of "Paullulus" (Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ... for "small" or "little") by being small of stature, to distinguish him more accurately from his two brothers. See also * Postumia gens References * {{AncientRome-politician-stub 2nd-century BC Roman consuls Spurius, Paullulus Ancient Roman patricians Roman Republican praetors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polybius
Polybius (; , ; ) was a Greek historian of the middle Hellenistic period. He is noted for his work , a universal history documenting the rise of Rome in the Mediterranean in the third and second centuries BC. It covered the period of 264–146 BC, recording in detail events in Italy, Iberia, Greece, Macedonia, Syria, Egypt and Africa, and documented the Punic Wars and Macedonian Wars among many others. Polybius' ''Histories'' is important not only for being the only Hellenistic historical work to survive in any substantial form, but also for its analysis of constitutional change and the mixed constitution. Polybius' discussion of the separation of powers in government, of checks and balances to limit power, and his introduction of "the people", all influenced Montesquieu's '' The Spirit of the Laws'', John Locke's '' Two Treatises of Government'', and the framers of the United States Constitution. The leading expert on Polybius for nearly a century was F. W. Walbank (1909 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
