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Thysanolepidae
Osteolepiformes, also known as Osteolepidida, is a group of prehistoric lobe-finned fishes which first appeared during the Devonian period. The order contains the families Canowindridae, Megalichthyidae, Osteolepididae and Tristichopteridae. The order is generally considered to be paraphyletic In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be pa ... because the characters that define it are mainly attributes of stem tetrapodomorphs. Below is a cladogram showing the paraphyly of Osteolepiformes compiled and modified from Ahlberg and Johanson (1998). See also Swartz (2012). Osteolepiformes is marked by the green bracket. References External linksTree of Life Tetrapodomorphs Prehistoric fish orders Paraphyletic groups {{paleo-lobefinned-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lobe-finned Fishes
Sarcopterygii (; ) — sometimes considered synonymous with Crossopterygii () — is a taxon (traditionally a class or subclass) of the bony fishes known as the lobe-finned fishes. The group Tetrapoda, a mostly terrestrial superclass including amphibians, sauropsids (reptiles, including dinosaurs and therefore birds) and synapsids (with mammals being the only extant group), evolved from certain sarcopterygians; under a cladistic view, tetrapods are themselves considered a subgroup within Sarcopterygii. The known extant non-tetrapod sarcopterygians include two species of coelacanths and six species of lungfishes. Characteristics Early lobe-finned fishes are bony fish with fleshy, lobed, paired fins, which are joined to the body by a single bone. The fins of lobe-finned fishes differ from those of all other fish in that each is borne on a fleshy, lobelike, scaly stalk extending from the body. The scales of sarcopterygians are true scaloids, consisting of lamellar bone surrou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrapodomorpha
The Tetrapodomorpha (also known as Choanata) are a clade of vertebrates consisting of tetrapods (four-limbed vertebrates) and their closest sarcopterygian relatives that are more closely related to living tetrapods than to living lungfish. Advanced forms transitional between fish and the early labyrinthodonts, such as '' Tiktaalik'', have been referred to as "fishapods" by their discoverers, being half-fish, half-tetrapods, in appearance and limb morphology. The Tetrapodomorpha contains the crown group tetrapods (the last common ancestor of living tetrapods and all of its descendants) and several groups of early stem tetrapods, which includes several groups of related lobe-finned fishes, collectively known as the osteolepiforms. The Tetrapodamorpha minus the crown group Tetrapoda are the Stem Tetrapoda, a paraphyletic unit encompassing the fish to tetrapod transition. Among the characteristics defining tetrapodomorphs are modifications to the fins, notably a humerus with convex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devonian
The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied. The first significant adaptive radiation of life on dry land occurred during the Devonian. Free-sporing vascular plants began to spread across dry land, forming extensive forests which covered the continents. By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of plants had evolved leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants appeared. The arthropod groups of myriapods, arachnids and hexapods also became well-established early in this period, after starting their expansion to land at least from the Ordovician period. Fish reached substantial diversity during this time, leading the Devonian to often be dubbed the Age of Fishes. The placoderms began domina ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barameda
''Barameda'' (Indigenous Australian language: "fish trap") is a genus of rhizodont lobe-finned fish which lived during the Tournaisian stage near the start of the Carboniferous period in Australia; fossils of the genus have been reported from the Snowy Plains Formation. The largest member of this genus, ''Barameda decipiens'', reached an estimated length of around , while smallest species, ''B. mitchelli'' is estimated to have length about . Description The ''Barameda'' has an extremely elongated and thick body typical of Carboniferous rhizodonts. It is covered with moderately thin, cycloidal scales, with thick bony plates covering its head and operculum (gill flaps), a tightly fused Skull roof, and extremely prominent, sharp fangs, devoid of serrations or cutting edges. Its scales preserved lateral line. Originally it is estimated to have a typical narrow pectoral fin, however later study shows that had wider pectoral fin like other Carboniferous rhizodonts. Alongsid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandageria
''Mandageria fairfaxi'' (Pronunciation: Man-daj-ee-ree-a fair-fax-i) is an extinct lobe-finned fish that lived during the Late Devonian period (Frasnian – Famennian). It is related to the much larger ''Hyneria''; although ''Mandageria'' was smaller, it probably hunted in the same way. The generic epithet, ''Mandageria'', refers to the Mandagery Sandstone, outcropping near Canowindra, Australia, where the fossils were found. The specific epithet, ''fairfaxi'', honors the philanthropist James Fairfax. ''M. fairfaxi'' is the state fossil emblem for New South Wales. Description ''Mandageria'' was a large predator about long. It had a long torpedo-shaped body and large tail fins. ''Mandageria'' also had large pectoral fins which could have helped it manoeuvre around submerged logs when preparing to attack its prey. ''Mandageria'' had a functional neck joint, an otherwise uncommon feature among fish - ''Tiktaalik'', '' Tarrasius'', placoderms (esp. Arthrodira) and seahorses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eusthenodon
''Eusthenodon'' (Greek for “strong-tooth” – ''eustheno''- meaning “strength”, -''odon'' meaning “tooth”) is an extinct genus of tristichopterid tetrapodomorphs from the Late Devonian period, ranging between 383 and 359 million years ago (Frasnian to Famennian). They are well known for being a cosmopolitan genus with remains being recovered from East Greenland, Australia, Central Russia, South Africa, Pennsylvania, and Belgium. Compared to the other closely related genera of the Tristichopteridae clade, ''Eusthenodon'' was one of the largest lobe-finned fishes (approximately 2.5 meters in length) and among the most derived tristichopterids alongside its close relatives '' Cabonnichthys'' and '' Mandageria''. The large size, predatory ecology, and evolutionarily derived characters possessed by ''Eusthenodon'' likely contributed to its ability to occupy and flourish in the numerous localities across the world mentioned above. ''Eusthenodon'' is attributed to being j ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyroptychius
''Gyroptychius'' is an extinct genus of osteolepiform lobe-finned fish from the Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, w ... period. ''Gyroptychius'' was a fast riverine predator with an elongated body about long. As its eyes were relatively small, it is presumed to have hunted by smell rather than sight. ''Gyroptychius'' had short jaws which gave it a powerful bite. All its fins except the pectorals were moved to the back to the body, increasing the power of the tail while swimming. References Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera Megalichthyiforms Devonian bony fish Devonian fish of Europe {{paleo-lobefinned-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beelarongia
''Beelarongia'' is a genus of prehistoric lobe-finned fish which lived during the Late Devonian period (Frasnian stage, about 375 to 385 million years ago). Fossils have been found in Victoria, Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma .... References Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera Devonian bony fish Prehistoric fish of Australia Canowindrids Fossil taxa described in 1987 Frasnian life {{paleo-lobefinned-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canowindra (fish)
''Canowindra'' is a prehistoric lobe-finned fish which lived during the Late Devonian period (about 374 to 359 million years ago). The genus is known from only a single well preserved specimen, dubbed ''Canowindra grossi'', after Professor Walter Gross, who spent his career studying lobe-finned fish, and after the Australian town in which it was found, Canowindra. ''Canowindra grossi'' was apparently comparatively small in size (about 50 cm) and belongs to the family of Canowindridae The Canowindridae are a family of prehistoric lobe-finned fishes which lived during the Devonian period (Famennian stage, about 374 to 359 million years ago). Fossils of fishes that belonged to this family have been found in Australia, Antarctica .... External links https://web.archive.org/web/20080718172910/http://ageoffishes.org.au/fishes/canowind.htm Canowindrids Late Devonian animals Late Devonian fish Devonian bony fish Prehistoric fish of Australia Prehistoric lobe-finned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koharolepis
''Koharalepis'' is a prehistoric lobe-finned fish which lived during the Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, whe ... period. References Devonian bony fish Canowindrids Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera {{paleo-lobefinned-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ectosteorhachis
''Ectosteorhachis'' is a genus of prehistoric lobe-finned fish that lived during the Permian period (Cisuralian The Cisuralian is the first Series (stratigraphy), series/Epoch (geology), epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the Pennsylvanian (geology), Pennsylvanian and followed by the Guadalupian. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the w ... epoch, about 299 to 272 million years ago). It belonged to the group of Tetrapodomorpha and to the family of Megalichthyidae. ''Ectosteorhachis'' was a fresh water fish. References Prehistoric lobe-finned fish genera Permian bony fish Permian fish of North America Megalichthyiforms {{paleo-lobefinned-fish-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
