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Theophilus Freeman
Theophilus Freeman (after 1858?) was a 19th-century American slave trader of Virginia, Louisiana and Mississippi. He was known in his own time as wealthy and problematic. Freeman's business practices were described in two American Civil War, antebellum American slave narratives—that of John Brown (fugitive slave), John Brown and that of Solomon Northup—and he appears as a character in both filmed dramatizations of Northrup's ''Twelve Years a Slave''. Biography According to a United States census record, Freeman was born about 1800 in the U.S. state of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia. Freeman may have been the son of Daniel Freeman of Jasper County, Georgia, as a Theophilus Freeman is named as a son and heir in Daniel Freeman's will and testament of January 30, 1840. Daniel Freeman was a pensioned veteran of the American Revolutionary War. Theophilus Freeman appears in the 1830 census of Prince William County, Virginiawhich is just outside the District of Columbia in northern ...
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George Washington Parke Custis
George Washington Parke Custis (April 30, 1781 – October 10, 1857) was an American plantation owner, antiquarian, author, and playwright. His father John Parke Custis was the stepson of George Washington. He and his sister Eleanor grew up at Mount Vernon and in the Washington presidential household. Upon reaching age 21, Custis inherited a large fortune from his late father, John Parke Custis, including a plantation in what became Arlington, Virginia. High atop a hill overlooking the Potomac River and Washington, D.C., Custis built the Greek Revival mansion Arlington House (1803–18), as a shrine to George Washington. There he preserved and displayed many of Washington's belongings. Custis also wrote historical plays about Virginia, delivered a number of patriotic addresses, and was the author of the posthumously published ''Recollections and Private Memoirs of George Washington'' (1860). His daughter, Mary Anna Randolph Custis, married Robert E. Lee. They inh ...
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A Key To Uncle Tom's Cabin
''A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin'' is a book by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. It was published to document the veracity of the depiction of slavery in Stowe's anti-slavery novel ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' (1852). First published in 1853 by Jewett, Proctor & Worthington, the book also provides insights into Stowe's own views on slavery. Origins After the publication of ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'', Southerners accused Stowe of misrepresenting slavery. In order to show that she had neither lied about slavery nor exaggerated the plight of enslaved people, she compiled ''A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin''. The book was subtitled "Presenting the Original Facts and Documents upon Which the Story Is Founded, Together with Corroborative Statements Verifying the Truth of the Work".McFarland, Philip. ''Loves of Harriet Beecher Stowe''. New York: Grove Press, 2007: 105. Reception The reaction of Stowe's contemporaries to ''A Key to Uncle Tom’s Cabin'' was very similar to the reaction to ''Uncle Tom� ...
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William I
William I; ang, WillelmI (Bates ''William the Conqueror'' p. 33– 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman king of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. A descendant of Rollo, he was Duke of Normandy from 1035 onward. By 1060, following a long struggle to establish his throne, his hold on Normandy was secure. In 1066, following the death of Edward the Confessor, William invaded England, leading an army of Normans to victory over the Anglo-Saxon forces of Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings, and suppressed subsequent English revolts in what has become known as the Norman Conquest. The rest of his life was marked by struggles to consolidate his hold over England and his continental lands, and by difficulties with his eldest son, Robert Curthose. William was the son of the unmarried Duke Robert I of Normandy and his mistress Herleva. His illegitimate status and his youth caus ...
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The Liberator (newspaper)
''The Liberator'' (1831–1865) was a weekly abolitionist newspaper, printed and published in Boston by William Lloyd Garrison and, through 1839, by Isaac Knapp. Religious rather than political, it appealed to the moral conscience of its readers, urging them to demand immediate freeing of the slaves ("immediatism"). It also promoted women's rights, an issue that split the American abolitionist movement. Despite its modest circulation of 3,000, it had prominent and influential readers, including Frederick Douglass, Beriah Green and Alfred Niger. It frequently printed or reprinted letters, reports, sermons, and news stories relating to American slavery, becoming a sort of community bulletin board for the new abolitionist movement that Garrison helped foster. History Garrison co-published weekly issues of ''The Liberator'' from Boston continuously for 35 years, from January 1, 1831, to the final issue of December 29, 1865. Although its circulation was only about 3,000, and ...
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Mississippi River
The Mississippi River is the second-longest river and chief river of the second-largest drainage system in North America, second only to the Hudson Bay drainage system. From its traditional source of Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota, it flows generally south for to the Mississippi River Delta in the Gulf of Mexico. With its many tributaries, the Mississippi's watershed drains all or parts of 32 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces between the Rocky and Appalachian mountains. The main stem is entirely within the United States; the total drainage basin is , of which only about one percent is in Canada. The Mississippi ranks as the thirteenth-largest river by discharge in the world. The river either borders or passes through the states of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Louisiana. Native Americans have lived along the Mississippi River and its tributaries for thousands of years. Most were ...
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Calvin Schermerhorn
Calvin Schermerhorn (born 1975) is an American historian who specializes in the study of slavery, capitalism, and African-American inequality. Educated at Saint Mary's College of Maryland, Harvard Divinity School and University of Virginia, he teaches at Arizona State University. In 2012, he annotated a newly recovered slave narrative by a man named Henry Goings, at which time Schermerhorn told a reporter, "The ' Old South' of Hollywood legend was actually a very new place by the time Goings was taken to Tennessee and Alabama in the 1820s and when he escaped from Alabama in the 1830s. Goings was a brilliant observer of places, events and human nature. He also was a gifted writer." His 2015 ''The Business of Slavery'' was about "how specific decisions and adaptations of individual slavers to changing conditions helped create an American empire of slavery," and "belies the alleged moral divide between the North and the South by reconstructing interregional and global networks of ...
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Stolen The Natchez Weekly Courier, July 7, 1837
Stolen may refer to: * ''Stolen'' (2009 Australian film), a 2009 Australian film * ''Stolen'' (2009 American film), a 2009 American film * ''Stolen: The Baby Kahu Story'' (2010 film), a film based on the real life kidnapping of baby Kahu Durie in New Zealand. * ''Stolen'' (2012 film), a film by Simon West, starring Nicolas Cage * ''Stolen'' (Armstrong novel), a 2003 novel by Kelley Armstrong * ''Stolen'' (Christopher novel), a 2009 novel by Lucy Christopher * "Stolen" (Dashboard Confessional song), 2006 * "Stolen" (Jay Sean song), 2004 * ''Stolen'' (play), a 1998 Australian play by Jane Harrison * ''Stolen'' (video game), a 2005 stealth-based video game * Stolen!, a 2016 mobile app * STOLEN, Chinese rock band * "Stolen" (''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.''), an episode of ''Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.'' See also * Stole (other) * Stolin, a town in Belarus * Stollen Stollen ( or ) is a fruit bread of nuts, spices, and dried or candied fruit, coated with powdered sugar ...
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Natchez, Mississippi
Natchez ( ) is the county seat of and only city in Adams County, Mississippi, United States. Natchez has a total population of 14,520 (as of the 2020 census). Located on the Mississippi River across from Vidalia in Concordia Parish, Louisiana, Natchez was a prominent city in the antebellum years, a center of cotton planters and Mississippi River trade. Natchez is some southwest of Jackson, the capital of Mississippi, which is located near the center of the state. It is approximately north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, located on the lower Mississippi River. Natchez is the 25th-largest city in the state. The city was named for the Natchez tribe of Native Americans, who with their ancestors, inhabited much of the area from the 8th century AD through the French colonial period. History Established by French colonists in 1716, Natchez is one of the oldest and most important European settlements in the lower Mississippi River Valley. After the French lost the French and Ind ...
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Forks Of The Road Slave Market
The Forks of the Road was a slave market in Natchez, Mississippi in the United States. The Forks of the Road market was located about a mile from downtown Natchez at the intersection of the ironically named Liberty Road and Washington Road, which has since been renamed to D'Evereux Drive in one direction and St. Catherine Street in the other. The market differed from many other slave sellers of the day by offering individuals on a first-come first-serve basis rather than selling them at auction, either singly or in lots. At one time the Forks of the Road was the second-largest slave market in the United States, trailing only New Orleans. History It was largely developed by John Armfield and Isaac Franklin, who in 1833 capitalized on the difference in slave prices in the middle Atlantic states of Virginia and Maryland and the deep south. Using their company, Franklin and Armfield, they purchased inexpensive slaves in the Middle Atlantic, and transported them to markets in New Orl ...
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Benjamin Eaton (slave Trader)
Benjamin Eaton may refer to: * Benjamin Harrison Eaton (1833–1904), Governor of Colorado * Benjamin S. Eaton Eaton Canyon is a major canyon beginning at the Eaton Saddle near Mount Markham and San Gabriel Peak in the San Gabriel Mountains in the Angeles National Forest, United States. Its drainage flows into the Rio Hondo river and then into the Los An ...
, land developer in Los Angeles County {{hndis, Eaton, Benjamin ...
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Coastwise Slave Trade
The coastwise slave trade existed along the eastern coastal areas of the United States in the antebellum years prior to 1861. Shiploads and boatloads of slaves in the domestic trade were transported from place to place on the waterways. Hundreds of vessels of various sizes and capacities were used to transport the slaves, generally from markets of the Upper South, where there was a surplus of slaves, to the Deep South, where the development of new cotton plantations created high demand for labor. International tensions developed when ships were forced by weather or incident into ports in Bermuda and the British West Indies, as the British freed the slaves as part of the banned trade on the high seas, even before its abolition of slavery in its territories in 1834. There were several cases: ''Comet'' (1830), ''Encomium'' (1833), ''Enterprise'' (1835), '' Hermosa'' (1840) and, most notably, the ''Creole'' case of 1841, the result of a ship slave revolt that forced the vessel into N ...
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