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The Phelps Stokes Fund
The Phelps Stokes Fund (PS) is a nonprofit fund established in 1911 by the will of New York philanthropist Caroline Phelps Stokes, a member of the Phelps Stokes family. Created as the Trustees of Phelps Stokes Fund, it connects emerging leaders and organizations in Africa and the Americas with resources to help them advance social and economic development. Some organizations Phelps Stokes has influenced or supported the founding of are UNCF, the Booker Washington Agricultural and Industrial Institute (BWI), the American Indian College Fund, the American Indian Higher Education Consortium, the Jackie Robinson Foundation, and the Association of Black American Ambassadors. Phelps Stokes has contributed to education in the U.S. South and British colonial Africa. The Phelps Stokes Fund may be no longer active or terminated. Either the organization hasn't filed a Form 990 in many years and appears to no longer be active, or they marked in their most recent Form 990 that they ha ...
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PS Logo CMYK
P.S. commonly refers to: * Postscript, writing added after the main body of a letter PS, P.S., ps, and other variants may also refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Literature * PS Publishing, based in the UK *''PS Magazine'', a U.S. Army magazine *''Popular Science'', a U.S. magazine * ''PlayStation Magazine'' (other) Music * PS Classics, a record label * ''P.S.'' (album), a compilation album of film music by Goran Bregovic * '' P.S. (A Toad Retrospective)'', a compilation album of music by Toad The Wet Sprocket * "PS", 2003 song by The Books from the album '' The Lemon of Pink'' * "P.S.", 1993 song by James from the album '' Laid'' Stage and screen * ''P.S.'' (film), a 2004 film * ''P.S.'', a 2010 film by Yalkin Tuychiev * ''PS'' (TV series), a German television series * Prompt corner or prompt side, an area of a stage Other media * PlayStation, a video gaming brand owned by Sony *PlayStation (console), a home video game console by Sony * Ponniyin Sel ...
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Native Americans In The United States
Native Americans (also called American Indians, First Americans, or Indigenous Americans) are the Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Indigenous peoples of the United States, particularly of the Contiguous United States, lower 48 states and Alaska. They may also include any Americans whose origins lie in any of the indigenous peoples of North or South America. The United States Census Bureau publishes data about "American Indians and Alaska Natives", whom it defines as anyone "having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America ... and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment". The census does not, however, enumerate "Native Americans" as such, noting that the latter term can encompass a broader set of groups, e.g. Native Hawaiians, which it tabulates separately. The European colonization of the Americas from 1492 resulted in a Population history of Indigenous peoples of the Americas, precipitous decline in the size of the Native American ...
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Wilton Dillon
Wilton may refer to: Places Australia * Wilton, New South Wales, a small town near Sydney * Wilton Parish, New South Wales England * Wilton, Cumbria * Wilton, Herefordshire * Wilton, Ryedale, North Yorkshire, a village and civil parish * Wilton, Redcar and Cleveland, North Yorkshire * Wilton, Somerset, a suburb of Taunton * Wilton, Wiltshire, a town near Salisbury ** Wilton (UK Parliament constituency), until 1885 * Wilton, Marlborough, Wiltshire, a hamlet Ireland * Wilton, Cork, a suburb of Cork City * Wilton, County Offaly, a townland in Kilmanaghan civil parish United States * Wilton, Alabama, a town * Wilton, Arkansas, a city * Wilton, California, a census-designated place * Wilton, Connecticut, a town * Wilton, Illinois, an unincorporated community * Wilton, Iowa, a city * Wilton, Maine, a town ** Wilton (CDP), Maine, a census-designated place in the town * Wilton, Minnesota, a city * Wilton, Missouri, an unincorporated community * Wilton, New Hampshire, ...
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World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ...
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Wichita, Kansas
Wichita ( ) is the List of cities in Kansas, most populous city in the U.S. state of Kansas and the county seat of Sedgwick County, Kansas, Sedgwick County. As of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the population of the city was 397,532, and the Wichita metro area had a population of 647,610. It is located in south-central Kansas along the Arkansas River. Wichita began as a trading post on the Chisholm Trail in the 1860s and was incorporated as a city in 1870. It became a destination for Cattle drives in the United States, cattle drives traveling north from Texas to Kansas railroads, earning it the nickname "Cowtown".Miner, Craig (Wichita State Univ. Dept. of History), ''Wichita: The Magic City'', Wichita Historical Museum Association, Wichita, KS, 1988Howell, Angela and Peg Vines, ''The Insider's Guide to Wichita'', Wichita Eagle & Beacon Publishing, Wichita, KS, 1995 In 1875, Wyatt Earp served as a police officer in Wichita for about one year before going to Dodge ...
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Thomas Jesse Jones
Thomas Jesse Jones (1873-1950) was a Welsh-American sociologist and educational administrator. He was Educational Director of the Phelps Stokes Fund from 1917 to 1946. W. E. B. DuBois accused Jones of systematically working to replace Black leaders with white and labelled Jones "that evil genius of the Negro race". Life Thomas Jesse Jones was born on 4 August 1873 in Llanfachraeth, a village in Wales. His father was the village saddler, his grandfather the village blacksmith, and his mother was the local innkeeper. In 1884 the family emigrated to the United States, settling in Middleport, Ohio. Jones attended Washington and Lee University, and graduated from Marietta College, Columbia University and Union Theological Seminary. His Columbia PhD, under the direction of Franklin H. Giddings, looked at the Italian and Jewish communities in a city block in New York City. From 1902 to 1909 Jones directed the research department at Hampton Institute. In 1906 he was appointed director ...
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Navajo Reservation
The Navajo Nation (), also known as Navajoland, is an Indian reservation of Navajo people in the United States. It occupies portions of northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and southeastern Utah. The seat of government is located in Window Rock, Arizona. At roughly , the Navajo Nation is the largest Indian reservation in the United States, exceeding the size of ten U.S. states. It is one of the few reservations whose lands overlap the nation's traditional homelands. In 2010, the reservation was home to 173,667 out of 332,129 Navajo tribal members; the remaining 158,462 tribal members lived outside the reservation, in urban areas (26%), border towns (10%), and elsewhere in the U.S. (17%). In 2020, the number of tribal members increased to 399,494, surpassing the Cherokee Nation as the largest tribal group by enrollment. The U.S. gained ownership of what is today Navajoland in 1848 following the Mexican–American War. The reservation was first established in 1868 ...
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Indian Rights Association
The Indian Rights Association (IRA) was a social activist group dedicated to the well-being and acculturation of Native Americans in the United States. Founded by non-Indians in Philadelphia in 1882, the group was highly influential in American Indian policy through the 1930s and remained an organization until 1994. The organization's initial objective was to "bring about the complete civilization of the Indians and their admission to citizenship." The organization was founded in 1883 by Herbert Welsh and Henry Spackman Pancoast after they traveled with an Episcopal mission to the Dakota Territory in 1882 and spent four weeks with the Sioux agencies. In 1884 they opened an additional office in Washington, D.C., to act as a legislative lobby and liaison with the Board of Indian Commissioners and the Board of Indian Affairs. The IRA also opened an early office in Boston, Massachusetts. The management of early Indian Rights Association's programs fell almost entirely to five men, a ...
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Indian Reorganization Act
The Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) of June 18, 1934, or the Wheeler–Howard Act, was U.S. federal legislation that dealt with the status of American Indians in the United States. It was the centerpiece of what has been often called the "Indian New Deal". The Act also restored to Indians the management of their assets—land and mineral rights—and included provisions intended to create a sound economic foundation for the residents of Indian reservations. Total U.S. spending on Indians averaged $38 million a year in the late 1920s, dropping to an all-time low of $23 million in 1933, and reaching $38 million in 1940. The IRA was the most significant initiative of John Collier (sociologist), John Collier, who was President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) from 1933 to 1945. He had long studied Indian issues and worked for change since the 1920s, particularly with the American Indian Defense Association. He intended to reverse the assimi ...
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Franklin D
Franklin may refer to: People and characters * Franklin (given name), including list of people and characters with the name * Franklin (surname), including list of people and characters with the name * Franklin (class), a member of a historical English social class Places * Franklin (crater), a lunar impact crater * Franklin County (other), in a number of countries * Mount Franklin (other), including Franklin Mountain Australia * Franklin, Tasmania, a township * Division of Franklin, federal electoral division in Tasmania * Division of Franklin (state), state electoral division in Tasmania * Franklin, Australian Capital Territory, a suburb in the Canberra district of Gungahlin * Franklin River, river of Tasmania * Franklin Sound, waterway of Tasmania Canada * District of Franklin, a former district of the Northwest Territories * Franklin, Quebec, a municipality in the Montérégie region * Rural Municipality of Franklin, Manitoba * Franklin, Manitoba, ...
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Meriam Report
The Meriam Report (1928) (official title: ''The Problem of Indian Administration'') was commissioned by the Institute for Government Research (IGR, better known later as the Brookings Institution) and funded by the Rockefeller Foundation. The IGR appointed Lewis Meriam to be the technical director of the survey team to compile information and report on the conditions of American Indians across the country. Meriam submitted the 847-page report to the Secretary of the Interior, Hubert Work, on February 21, 1928. The report combined narrative with statistics to criticize the Department of Interior's (DOI) implementation of the Dawes Act and overall conditions on reservations and in Indian boarding schools. The Meriam Report was the first general study of Indian conditions since the 1850s, when the ethnologist and former US Indian Agent Henry R. Schoolcraft had completed a six-volume work for the US Congress. The Meriam Report provided much of the data used to reform American India ...
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John Rockefeller Jr
John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second Epistle of John, often shortened to 2 John * Third Epistle of John, often shortened to 3 John People * John the Baptist (died ), regarded as a prophet and the forerunner of Jesus Christ * John the Apostle (died ), one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ * John the Evangelist, assigned author of the Fourth Gospel, once identified with the Apostle * John of Patmos, also known as John the Divine or John the Revelator, the author of the Book of Revelation, once identified with the Apostle * John the Presbyter, a figure either identified with or distinguished from the Apostle, the Evangelist and John of Patmos Other people with the given name Religious figures * John, father of Andrew the Apostle and Saint Peter * Pope John (disambigu ...
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