The Oslo Study

	The Oslo Study The Oslo study (1891–1910) was an observational study of untreated syphilis at Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet in Oslo, Norway. Under the supervision of the department head, Cæsar Boeck, treatment was withheld from approximately 2,000 patients with syphilis between the period of 1891 and 1910. The results of Boeck's patient observations were later documented by his successor Edvin Bruusgaard in the paper "The Fate of Syphilitics who had received no Specific Treatment" (1929). The results of the study greatly influenced American researchers who conducted the Tuskegee Syphilis Study (1932–1972), in which treatment was withheld from African American men with syphilis. Background In the 18th century, the standard treatment for syphilis was mercury, typically in the form of mercuric chloride, because it was believed that the sweating and salivation caused by mercury would help patients to purge harmful substances from their bodies. As the effects of mercury poisoning ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Chancres A chancre ( )-4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa .... Related to the English "canker", they both come from the Latin ''cancer'', meaning "crab",medterms.com which is a translation from the Greek word καρκίνος (''karkínos''), also meaning "crab". See also * Primary cutaneous histoplasmosis Primary cutaneous histoplasmosis is a rare skin condition, reported on the penis, cha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Human Subject Research Human subject research is systematic, scientific investigation that can be either interventional (a "trial") or observational (no "test article") and involves human beings as research subjects, commonly known as test subjects. Human subject research can be either medical (clinical) research or non-medical (e.g., social science) research. Systematic investigation incorporates both the collection and analysis of data in order to answer a specific question. Medical human subject research often involves analysis of biological specimens, epidemiological and behavioral studies and medical chart review studies. (A specific, and especially heavily regulated, type of medical human subject research is the "clinical trial", in which drugs, vaccines and medical devices are evaluated.) On the other hand, human subject research in the social sciences often involves surveys which consist of questions to a particular group of people. Survey methodology includes questionnaires, interviews, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Human Rights Abuses In Norway Humans (''Homo sapiens'') or modern humans are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus ''Homo''. They are Hominidae, great apes characterized by their Prehistory of nakedness and clothing#Evolution of hairlessness, hairlessness, bipedality, bipedalism, and high Human intelligence, intelligence. Humans have large Human brain, brains, enabling more advanced cognitive skills that facilitate successful adaptation to varied environments, development of sophisticated tools, and formation of complex social structures and civilizations. Humans are Sociality, highly social, with individual humans tending to belong to a Level of analysis, multi-layered network of distinct social groups — from families and peer groups to corporations and State (polity), political states. As such, social interactions between humans have established a wide variety of Value theory, values, norm (sociology), social norms, languages, and traditions (co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]

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