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The Gem
''The Gem'' (1907–1939) was a story paper published in Great Britain by Amalgamated Press in the early 20th century, predominantly featuring the activities of boys at the fictional school St. Jim's. These stories were all written using the pen-name of "Martin Clifford," the majority by Charles Hamilton (who was more widely known as "Frank Richards," the creator of Billy Bunter). Many issues also included a shorter serial story (a variety of detective, school, and adventure yarns were featured); these parts of the paper were not written by Charles Hamilton. The most famous St Jim's characters were Tom Merry and Arthur Augustus D'Arcy, better known as Gussy, both of whom featured on many of the covers. A regular illustrator was R. J. Macdonald. History The first series (issues 1-48) The first issue appeared in February 1907 and featured an adventure story (as did issues 2, 4-6, 8, and 10). The first school story appeared in issue number 3, dated 10 March 1907, and introdu ...
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Charles Hamilton (writer)
Charles Harold St. John Hamilton (8 August 1876 – 24 December 1961) was an English writer, specialising in writing long-running series of stories for weekly magazines about recurrent casts of characters, his most frequent and famous genre being boys' public school stories, though he also wrote in other genres. He used a variety of pen-names, generally using a different name for each set of characters he wrote about, the most famous being Frank Richards for the Greyfriars School stories featuring Billy Bunter. Other important pen-names included Martin Clifford (for St Jim's), Owen Conquest (for Rookwood) and Ralph Redway (for The Rio Kid). He also wrote hundreds of stories under his real name such as the Ken King stories for '' The Modern Boy.'' He is estimated to have written about 100 million words in his lifetime and has featured in the ''Guinness Book of Records'' as the world's most prolific author. Vast amounts of his output are available on the Friardale website. Wor ...
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Amalgamated Press
The Amalgamated Press (AP) was a British newspaper and magazine publishing company founded by journalist and entrepreneur Alfred Harmsworth (1865–1922) in 1901, gathering his many publishing ventures together under one banner. At one point the largest publishing company in the world, AP employed writers such as Arthur Mee, John Alexander Hammerton, Edwy Searles Brooks, and Charles Hamilton (writer), Charles Hamilton. Its subsidiary, the Educational Book Company, published ''The Harmsworth Self-Educator'', ''The Children's Encyclopædia'', and ''Harmsworth's Universal Encyclopaedia''. The company's newspapers included the ''Daily Mail'', the ''Daily Mirror'', ''The Evening News (London newspaper), The Evening News'', ''The Observer'', and ''The Times''. At its height, AP published over 70 magazines and operated three large printing works and paper mills in South London.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ...
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Story Paper
A story paper is a periodical publication similar to a literary magazine, but featuring illustrations and text stories, and aimed towards children and teenagers. Also known in Britain as "boys' weeklies", story papers were phenomenally popular before the outbreak of the Second World War. Among the most well-known British story papers was ''Boy's Own Paper'', which ran from 1879 to 1967. Beginnings The first known edition of what would later become known as a "story paper" was ''The Young Gentleman's Magazine'', published in 1777. The first story paper to really take off was ''The Boys' and Girls' Penny Magazine'', first published in September 1832. In 1866, Charles Stephens began selling ''Boys of England'' on the English streets for a penny—the first "penny dreadful". Story papers in this style minimized the expense of writing in order to produce an extremely cheap product. Strictly speaking, the "penny dreadful" died off by the turn of the century, but this term was stil ...
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Great Britain
Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland, and Wales. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the List of European islands by area, largest European island, and the List of islands by area, ninth-largest island in the world. It is dominated by a maritime climate with narrow temperature differences between seasons. The island of Ireland, with an area 40 per cent that of Great Britain, is to the west – these islands, along with over List of islands of the British Isles, 1,000 smaller surrounding islands and named substantial rocks, comprise the British Isles archipelago. Connected to mainland Europe until 9,000 years ago by a land bridge now known as Doggerland, Great Britain has been inhabited by modern humans for around 30,000 years. In 2011, it had a population of about , making it the world's List of islands by population, third-most-populous islan ...
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Billy Bunter
William George Bunter is a fictional schoolboy created by Charles Hamilton using the pen name Frank Richards. He features in stories set at Greyfriars School, a fictional English public school in Kent, originally published in the boys' weekly story paper '' The Magnet'' from 1908 to 1940. The character has appeared in novels, on television, in stage plays and in comic strips. He is in the Lower Fourth form of Greyfriars School, known as the Remove, whose members are 14–15 years of age. Time is frozen in the Greyfriars stories; although the reader sees the passing of the seasons, the characters' ages do not change and they remain in the same year groups. Originally a minor character, Bunter's role was expanded over the years with his antics being heavily used in the stories for comic relief and to advance the plots. Bunter's defining characteristics are his naive greed, self-indulgence, and overweight appearance. He is in many respects an obnoxious anti-hero. Besides h ...
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Tom Merry
Tom Merry is the principal character in the "St Jim's" stories which appeared in the boy's weekly paper, ''The Gem'', from 1907 to 1939. The stories were all written using the pen-name of Martin Clifford, the majority by Charles Hamilton who was more widely known as Frank Richards, the creator of Billy Bunter. Origins The first Tom Merry story appeared in ''Gem'' number 3 dated 10 March 1907 and introduced him as a new boy at a school called Clavering College. In issue number 11, Clavering was closed down and the boys and masters transferred to St Jim's, a school which has previously featured in a boy's paper called "Pluck". From this time onwards the pattern was established and St Jim's and, Tom Merry made weekly appearances. Character In his initial appearance, Merry was a likeable boy who was dominated by his overbearing nurse and guardian, Miss Priscilla Fawcett. As the years passed her influence disappeared and Merry became the acknowledged leader of the lower school of ...
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The Magnet
''The Magnet'' was a British weekly boys' story paper published by Amalgamated Press. It ran from 1908 to 1940, publishing a total of 1,683 issues. Each issue contained a long school story about the boys of Greyfriars School, a fictional public school located somewhere in Kent, and were written under the pen-name of "Frank Richards." The most famous Greyfriars character was Billy Bunter, of the Remove. The vast majority of the stories were written by author Charles Hamilton, although substitute writers were sometimes used when he could not supply copy. Most issues of ''The Magnet'' also included a shorter serial story (a variety of detective, scouting, and adventure yarns were featured), and many issues also included a newspaper ostensibly produced by the characters themselves and called the ''Greyfriars Herald''. These parts of the paper were not written by Charles Hamilton. History The stories began in 1908, before the First World War, and continued through the privatio ...
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The Nelson Lee Library
''The Nelson Lee Library'' was a story paper of the first third of the 20th century, published by Amalgamated Press. It featured the adventures of private detective Nelson Lee and his boy assistant Nipper. Overview Nelson Lee was created by John William Staniforth, writing under the name Maxwell Scott, in 1894. Lee made his debut in ''A Dead Man’s Secret'' in The Halfpenny Marvel #46. The detective was an immediate sensation and continued to feature in many of the Amalgamated Press papers over the next twenty years. In 1915 the Amalgamated Press acquired the exclusive right to use the name Nelson Lee from Staniforth for £50. That same year it launched ''The Nelson Lee Library'', a weekly paper devoted to stories about Nelson Lee and Nipper. Despite wartime restrictions, the paper achieved a circulation of 70,000 within its first three months. The first issue of ''The Nelson Lee Library'' was published on 12 June 1915, entitled ''The Mystery of Limehouse Reach'' and written ...
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British Boys' Story Papers
British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture * British English, the English language as spoken and written in United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and, more broadly, throughout the British Isles * Celtic Britons, an ancient ethno-linguistic group * Brittonic languages, a branch of the Insular Celtic language family (formerly called British) ** Common Brittonic, an ancient language Other uses *People or things associated with: ** Great Britain, an island ** British Isles, an island group ** United Kingdom, a sovereign state ** British Empire, a historical global colonial empire ** Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1800) ** United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922) * British Raj, colonial India under the British Empire * British Hong Kong, colonial H ...
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Publications Established In 1907
To publish is to make content available to the general public.Berne Convention, article 3(3)
URL last accessed 2025-05-23.
Universal Copyright Convention, Geneva text (1952), article VI
. URL last accessed 2010-05-10.
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