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The Establishment (Pakistan)
The Establishment (), also referred to as the military establishment, or deep state, is a term commonly used in Pakistan to describe the influence of the Pakistan Armed Forces, Pakistani Intelligence community, intelligence agencies, and associated militarism, pro-military entities within the country's governance structure. Since Pakistan's Partition of India, independence in 1947,Pakistan Extends Powerful Army Chief’s Term , Wall Street Journal, 19 August 2019. "... critics of the military say it helped Mr. Khan win the 2018 election, as a new force in Pakistani politics and it is accused of being behind a campaign against the country's two established political parties." the Establishment has periodically assumed coup d'état, direct control of the governmen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakistan Armed Forces
The Pakistan Armed Forces (; ) are the military forces of Pakistan. It is the world's sixth-largest military measured by active military personnel and consists of three uniformed services—the Army, Navy, and the Air Force, which are backed by several paramilitary forces such as the National Guard and the Civil Armed Forces. A critical component to the armed forces' structure is the Strategic Plans Division Force, which is responsible for the maintenance and safeguarding of Pakistan's tactical and strategic nuclear weapons stockpile and assets. The president of Pakistan is the commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Armed Forces and the chain of command is organized under the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (JCSC) alongside the respective chiefs of staff of the Army, Navy, and Air Force. All branches are systemically coordinated during joint operations and missions under the Joint Staff Headquarters (JSHQ). Since the 1963 Sino-Pakistan Agreement, the P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major Non-NATO Ally
A major non-NATO ally (MNNA) is a designation given by the Federal government of the United States, United States government to countries that have strategic working relationships with the United States Armed Forces while not being members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). While the status does not automatically constitute a mutual defense pact (as would be the case through Member states of NATO, NATO membership) with the United States, it does confer a variety of military and financial advantages that are otherwise unobtainable by non-NATO countries. There are currently 20 major non-NATO allies across four continents: 11 in Asia, 4 in Africa, 3 in South America, and 2 in Oceania. List of MNNAs Current MNNAs The following countries are listed in chronological order of their designation as MNNAs by the Federal government of the United States, United States government. In addition, an act provides that Taiwan shall be treated as a MNNA, without formal design ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Pakistan
The Government of Pakistan () (abbreviated as GoP), constitutionally known as the Federal Government, commonly known as the Centre, is the national authority of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, a federal republic located in South Asia, consisting of four provinces and one federal territory. The territories of Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir are also part of the country but have separate systems and are not part of the federation. Under the Constitution, there are three primary branches of a government: ''the legislative'', whose powers are vested in a bicameral Parliament; ''the executive'', consisting of the president, aided by the Cabinet which is headed by the prime minister; and ''the judiciary'', with the Supreme Court. Effecting the Westminster system for governing the state, the government is mainly composed of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, in which all powers are vested by the Constitution in the Parliament, the prime minister an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coup D'état
A coup d'état (; ; ), or simply a coup , is typically an illegal and overt attempt by a military organization or other government elites to unseat an incumbent leadership. A self-coup is said to take place when a leader, having come to power through legal means, tries to stay in power through illegal means. By one estimate, there were 457 coup attempts from 1950 to 2010, half of which were successful. Most coup attempts occurred in the mid-1960s, but there were also large numbers of coup attempts in the mid-1970s and the early 1990s. Coups occurring in the post-Cold War period have been more likely to result in democratic systems than Cold War coups, though coups still mostly perpetuate authoritarianism. Many factors may lead to the occurrence of a coup, as well as determine the success or failure of a coup. Once a coup is underway, coup success is driven by coup-makers' ability to get others to believe that the coup attempt will be successful. The number of successful cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zafar Ahmed Ansari
Zafar Ahmad Ansari (; 19081991) Pakistani Muslim scholar, politician and joint secretary of All India Muslim League. He was an expert in constitutional law and Islam. He was appointed to the Council of Islamic Ideology in Pakistan in 1977. Education and early life He did his MA Hons. in Philosophy and also was a qualified LLB lawyer. Personal and Family life He spent most of his life in a flat in Saeed Manzil, Karachi. His son Dr Ishaq Zafar Ansari(d.2016) was a renowned educationist who retired as President of International Islamic University Islamabad. Political career He was elected as a member of National Assembly in 1970 elections. He was a key figure in formulating the 1973 constitution. He was amongst the pioneer members of Mutamar Alim e Islami. He was the founding Chairman of the commission setup by President General Zia Ul Haq to advise Islamic changes in constitution in the light of Shariah Sharia, Sharī'ah, Shari'a, or Shariah () is a body of religious ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghulam Ishaq Khan
Ghulam Ishaq Khan (20 January 1915 – 27 October 2006), commonly known by his initials GIK, was a Pakistani bureaucrat, politician and statesman who served as the seventh President of Pakistan from 1988 to 1993. He previously served as Chairman of the Senate from 1985 to 1988 under president Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, and was sworn in shortly after Zia's death. Raised in Bannu, Khan graduated from Peshawar University and entered the Indian Civil Service, opting for Pakistan after the independence in 1947. Appointed the first chairman of the Water and Power Development Authority by President Ayub Khan in 1961, Ghulam Ishaq also served as Finance Secretary from 1966 to 1970. A year later, he was appointed Governor of the State Bank by President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, before being made Defence Secretary in 1975, assisting with Pakistan's atomic bomb programme. He was retained by President Zia-ul-Haq as Finance Minister in 1977, overseeing the country's highest GDP growth average. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahabzada Yaqub Khan
Sahabzada Mohammad Yaqub Ali Khan ( ; 23 December 1920 – 26 January 2016) was a Pakistani politician, diplomat, military figure, linguist, and a retired general in the Pakistani Army. After the Partition of India in 1947, he opted for Pakistan and joined the Pakistan Army where he participated in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965. He was the commander of the army's Eastern Command in East Pakistan. He was appointed as governor of East Pakistan in 1969 and 1971 but recalled to Pakistan after he submitted his resignation amid civil unrest. In 1973, he joined the foreign service and was appointed as the Pakistan Ambassador to the United States and later ascended as foreign minister, serving under President Zia-ul-Haq in 1982. His stint as foreign minister played a major role in the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan (1979–89) and he took part in negotiations to end the Contras in Nicaragua (1981–87) on the behalf of the United Nations. In the 1990s, he served as an o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tariq Azim Khan
Tariq Azim Khan was Pakistan's Deputy Information Minister under Prime Minister Shaukat Aziz during Pervez Musharraf regime. His duties included speaking with foreign media and he heads 'The Pakistan Image Project'.Pakistan orders UK reporters out BBC News website, 10 November 2007, Retrieved 3 February 2020 Career Tariq Azim Khan also served in the from 2003 to 2012.Dawn (newspaper), Published 5 January 2004, Retrieved 3 February 2020 In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharifuddin Pirzada
Sharifuddin Pirzada () NI (12 June 1923 – 2 June 2017) was a Pakistani barrister who served as a senior advocate at the Supreme Court of Pakistan. Personal life Sharifuddin Pirzada was born in the city of Burhanpur, in what is today Madhya Pradesh, to parents Mir Niazi Pirzada and his wife, Fatima. His father was a noted barrister as well, serving in the Indian Civil Service at the time and posted in the state. He died on 2 June 2017, aged 93. Awards *Awarded Nishan-i-Imtiaz in 1998 Publications *Pakistan at a Glance, Bombay 1941. *Jinnah on Pakistan, Bombay 1943. *Leaders Correspondence with Jinnah. *Evolution of Pakistan, Karachi 1962 (also published in Urdu and Arabic). *Fundamental Rights and Constitutional Remedies in Pakistan, Lahore 1966. *The Pakistan Resolution and the historic Lahore Session. Islamabad 1970. *Foundation of Pakistan (3 volumes), 1971. *Some Aspects of Quaid-i-Azam's Life 1978. *Collected Works of Quaid-i-Azam Jinnah (3 volumes). *Dissolution of Con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamism
Islamism is a range of religious and political ideological movements that believe that Islam should influence political systems. Its proponents believe Islam is innately political, and that Islam as a political system is superior to communism, liberal democracy, capitalism, and other alternatives in achieving a just, successful society. The advocates of Islamism, also known as "al-Islamiyyun", are usually affiliated with Islamic institutions or social mobilization movements, emphasizing the implementation of '' sharia'', pan-Islamic political unity, and the creation of Islamic states. In its original formulation, Islamism described an ideology seeking to revive Islam to its past assertiveness and glory, purifying it of foreign elements, reasserting its role into "social and political as well as personal life"; and in particular "reordering government and society in accordance with laws prescribed by Islam" (i.e. Sharia). According to at least one observer (author Robin Wr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Terrorism
Islamic terrorism (also known as Islamist terrorism, radical Islamic terrorism, or jihadist terrorism) refers to terrorist acts carried out by fundamentalist militant Islamists and Islamic extremists. Since at least the 1990s, Islamist terrorist incidents have occurred around the world and targeted both Muslims and non-Muslims. Most attacks have been concentrated in Muslim-majority countries, with studies finding 80–90% of terrorist victims to be Muslim. The annual number of fatalities from terrorist attacks grew sharply from 2011 to 2014, when it reached a peak of 33,438, before declining to 13,826 in 2019. From 1979 to April 2024, five Islamic extremist groups—the Taliban, Islamic State, Boko Haram, Al Shabaab, and al-Qaeda—were responsible for more than 80% of all victims of Islamist terrorist attacks. In some of the worst-affected Muslim-majority regions, these terrorists have been met by armed, independent resistance groups. Islamist terrorism has also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
