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Termination
Termination may refer to: Science * Termination (geomorphology), the period of time of relatively rapid change from cold, glacial conditions to warm interglacial condition * Termination factor, in genetics, part of the process of transcribing RNA * Termination type, in lithic reduction, a characteristic indicating the manner in which the distal end of a lithic flake detaches from a core * Chain termination, in chemistry, a chemical reaction which halts polymerization * Termination shock, in solar studies, a feature of the heliosphere * Terminating computation, in computer science ** Termination analysis, a form of program analysis in computer science **Termination proof, a mathematical proof concerning the termination of a program **Termination (term rewriting), in particular for term rewriting systems Technology * Electrical termination, ending a wire or cable properly to prevent interference *Termination of wires to a ** Crimp connection ** Electrical connector ** Solder joint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Termination Policy
Indian termination is a phrase describing United States policies relating to Native Americans from the mid-1940s to the mid-1960s. It was shaped by a series of laws and practices with the intent of assimilating Native Americans into mainstream American society. Cultural assimilation of Native Americans was not new; the belief that indigenous people should abandon their traditional lives and become what the government considers "civilized" had been the basis of policy for centuries. What was new, however, was the sense of urgency that, with or without consent, tribes must be terminated and begin to live "as Americans." To that end, Congress set about ending the special relationship between tribes and the federal government. In practical terms, the policy ended the federal government's recognition of sovereignty of tribes, trusteeship over Indian reservations, and the exclusion of state law's applicability to Native persons. From the government's perspective, Native Americans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termination Analysis
In computer science, termination analysis is program analysis which attempts to determine whether the evaluation of a given program halts for ''each'' input. This means to determine whether the input program computes a ''total'' function. It is closely related to the halting problem, which is to determine whether a given program halts for a ''given'' input and which is undecidable. The termination analysis is even more difficult than the Halting problem: the termination analysis in the model of Turing machines as the model of programs implementing computable functions would have the goal of deciding whether a given Turing machine is a total Turing machine, and this problem is at level \Pi^0_2 of the arithmetical hierarchy and thus is strictly more difficult than the Halting problem. Now as the question whether a computable function is total is not semi-decidable, each ''sound'' termination analyzer (i.e. an affirmative answer is never given for a non-terminating program) is ''i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termination (term Rewriting)
In mathematics, computer science, and logic, rewriting covers a wide range of methods of replacing subterms of a formula with other terms. Such methods may be achieved by rewriting systems (also known as rewrite systems, rewrite engines, or reduction systems). In their most basic form, they consist of a set of objects, plus relations on how to transform those objects. Rewriting can be non-deterministic. One rule to rewrite a term could be applied in many different ways to that term, or more than one rule could be applicable. Rewriting systems then do not provide an algorithm for changing one term to another, but a set of possible rule applications. When combined with an appropriate algorithm, however, rewrite systems can be viewed as computer programs, and several theorem provers and declarative programming languages are based on term rewriting. Example cases Logic In logic, the procedure for obtaining the conjunctive normal form (CNF) of a formula can be implemented as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electrical Termination
In electronics, electrical termination is the practice of ending a transmission line with a device that matches the characteristic impedance of the line. Termination prevents signals from reflecting off the end of the transmission line. Reflections at the ends of unterminated transmission lines cause distortion which can produce ambiguous digital signal levels and mis-operation of digital systems. Reflections in analog signal systems cause such effects as video ghosting, or power loss in radio transmitter transmission lines. Transmission lines Signal termination often requires the installation of a terminator at the beginning and end of a wire or cable to prevent an RF signal from being reflected back from each end, causing interference, or power loss. The terminator is usually placed at the end of a transmission line or daisy chain bus (such as in SCSI), and is designed to match the AC impedance of the cable and hence minimize signal reflections, and power losses. Less ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termination (geomorphology)
Termination, as used by Quaternary geologists, oceanographers, and paleoclimatologists is the period of time during a glacial cycle when there is a relatively rapid transition from full glacial climates to full interglacial climates. For the Quaternary period, terminations are numbered using Roman numerals from the most recent termination as “I” and with increasing value, e.g. “II”, “III”, and so forth, into the past. Termination I, also known as the Last Glacial Termination, is the end of Marine isotope stage 2; Termination II is the end of Marine Isotope Stage 6; Termination III is the end of Marine Isotope Stage 8; Termination IV is the end of Marine Isotope Stage 10, and so forth.Paillard, D. (2009) ''“Last Glacial Termination” '' In ''Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments'', ed. V. Gornitz, pp. 495–498. Dordrecht: Springer.Denton, G.H., R.F. Anderson, J.R. Toggweiler, R.L. Edwards, J.M. Schaefer, and A.E. Putnam (2010) ''The Last Glacial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termination Of Employment
Termination of employment or separation of employment is an employee's departure from a job and the end of an employee's duration with an employer. Termination may be voluntary on the employee's part, or it may be at the hands of the employer, often in the form of dismissal (firing) or a layoff. Dismissal or firing is usually thought to be the employee's fault, whereas a layoff is generally done for business reasons (for instance, a business slowdown or an economic downturn) outside the employee's performance. Firing carries a stigma in many cultures and may hinder the jobseeker's chances of finding new employment, particularly if they have been terminated from a previous job. Jobseekers sometimes do not mention jobs from which they were fired on their resumes; accordingly, unexplained gaps in employment, and refusal or failure to contact previous employers are often regarded as "red flags". Dismissal Dismissal is when the employer chooses to require the employee to leave, usu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termination Shock
The heliosphere is the magnetosphere, astrosphere and outermost atmospheric layer of the Sun. It takes the shape of a vast, bubble-like region of space. In plasma physics terms, it is the cavity formed by the Sun in the surrounding interstellar medium. The "bubble" of the heliosphere is continuously "inflated" by plasma originating from the Sun, known as the solar wind. Outside the heliosphere, this solar plasma gives way to the interstellar plasma permeating the Milky Way. As part of the interplanetary magnetic field, the heliosphere shields the Solar System from significant amounts of cosmic ionizing radiation; uncharged gamma rays are, however, not affected. Its name was likely coined by Alexander J. Dessler, who is credited with first use of the word in scientific literature in 1967. The scientific study of the heliosphere is heliophysics, which includes space weather and space climate. Flowing unimpeded through the Solar System for billions of kilometres, the solar win ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termination Factor
In molecular biology, a termination factor is a protein that mediates the termination of RNA transcription by recognizing a transcription terminator and causing the release of the newly made mRNA. This is part of the process that regulates the transcription of RNA to preserve gene expression integrity and are present in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, although the process in bacteria is more widely understood. The most extensively studied and detailed transcriptional termination factor is the Rho (ρ) protein of '' E. coli''. Prokaryotic Prokaryotes use one type of RNA polymerase, transcribing mRNAs that code for more than one type of protein. Transcription, translation and mRNA degradation all happen simultaneously. Transcription termination is essential to define boundaries in transcriptional units, a function necessary to maintain the integrity of the strands and provide quality control. Termination in ''E. coli'' may be Rho dependent, utilizing Rho factor, or Rho independe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Termination (album)
is a Japanese rock band, formed in March 2004 in Yokohama. It consists of vocalist and rhythm guitarist Takuro Sugawara, guitarist and backing vocalist Yoshimitsu Taki, bassist Kazuhiko Nakamura, and drummer Chihiro Kamijo, who came up with the band's name. Piano pieces included in some songs are performed by Taki, while the characteristic shouts are provided by Nakamura. History 2005–2009: Early releases and major label debut The band signed to under_bar, a sub-label of Reverb Records, and released two early mini-albums, ''Gjallarhorn'' in 2005 and '' Phantomime'' in 2006, and played live shows in Yokohama and Tokyo. 2007 saw the band signed to EMI Music Japan and the releases of ''The World e.p.'' which featured newly recorded version of songs from ''Gjallarhorn'' and two new tracks, and the ''Discommunication e.p.'', which features the song "Discommunication" and a 35-minute live recording. At the end of 2007 they released their first full album, ''Termination'', ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Terminating Computation
In computer science, a computation is said to diverge if it does not terminate or terminates in an exceptional state. Otherwise it is said to converge. In domains where computations are expected to be infinite, such as process calculi, a computation is said to diverge if it fails to be productive (i.e. to continue producing an action within a finite amount of time). Definitions Various subfields of computer science use varying, but mathematically precise, definitions of what it means for a computation to converge or diverge. Rewriting In abstract rewriting, an abstract rewriting system is called convergent if it is both confluent and terminating. The notation ''t'' ↓ ''n'' means that ''t'' reduces to normal form ''n'' in zero or more reductions, ''t''↓ means ''t'' reduces to some normal form in zero or more reductions, and ''t''↑ means ''t'' does not reduce to a normal form; the latter is impossible in a terminating rewriting system. In the lambda calculus an exp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chain Termination
Chain termination is any chemical reaction that ceases the formation of reactive intermediates in a chain propagation step in the course of a polymerization, effectively bringing it to a halt. Mechanisms of termination In polymer chemistry, there are several mechanisms by which a polymerization reaction can terminate depending on the mechanism and circumstances of the reaction. A method of termination that applies to all polymer reactions is the depletion of monomer. In chain growth polymerization, two growing chains can collide head to head causing the growth of both of the chains to stop. In the case of radical or anionic polymerization, chain transfer can occur where the radical at the end of the growing chain can be transferred from the chain to an individual monomer unit causing a new chain to start growing and the previous chain to stop growing. With step-growth polymerization, the reaction can be terminated by adding a monofunctional species containing the same ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abortion
Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus. An abortion that occurs without intervention is known as a miscarriage or "spontaneous abortion"; these occur in approximately 30% to 40% of pregnancies. When deliberate steps are taken to end a pregnancy, it is called an induced abortion, or less frequently "induced miscarriage". The unmodified word ''abortion'' generally refers to an induced abortion. The reasons why women have abortions are diverse and vary across the world. Reasons include maternal health, an inability to afford a child, domestic violence, lack of support, feeling they are too young, wishing to complete education or advance a career, and not being able or willing to raise a child conceived as a result of rape or incest. When properly done, induced abortion is one of the safest procedures in medicine. In the United States, the risk of maternal mortality is 14 times lower after induced abortion than after ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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