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Teratophoneini
Tyrannosaurinae (or tyrannosaurines) is one of the two extinct subfamilies of Tyrannosauridae, a family of coelurosaurian theropods that consists of at least three tribes and several genera. All fossils of these genera have been found in the Late Cretaceous deposits of western North America and east Asia. Compared to the related subfamily Albertosaurinae, tyrannosaurines overall are more robust and larger though the alioramins were gracile by comparison. This subfamily also includes ''Lythronax'', one of the oldest known tyrannosaurid genera, as well as the youngest and most famous member of the group, ''Tyrannosaurus rex''. History of discovery The first remains of tyrannosaurids were uncovered during expeditions led by the Geological Survey of Canada, which located numerous scattered teeth. These distinctive dinosaur teeth were given the name ''Deinodon'' ("terrible tooth") by Joseph Leidy in 1856. In 1892 Edward Drinker Cope described more tyrannosaur material in the form of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labocania
''Labocania'' is a genus of carnivorous theropod dinosaur of disputed affinities from the Late Cretaceous of Mexico. Initially regarded as an indeterminate theropod, later studies mentioned possible affinities with tyrannosaurids, abelisaurids, or carcharodontosaurids. More recent research based on additional fossil material found support for a position within the tyrannosaurine clade Teratophoneini. Two species have been proposed: ''L. anomala'' (the type species), likely from the La Bocana Roja Formation, and ''L. aguillonae'' from the Cerro del Pueblo Formation. Discovery In the summer of 1970, the National Geographic Society and the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History organized a joint paleontological expedition, led by geologist William J. Morris, to the Arroyo del Rosario in Baja California, Mexico. While prospecting, volunteer Harley J. Garbani discovered the fragmentary skeleton of a theropod north of Punta Baja near Cerro Rayado. The collected specimen, IG ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bistahieversor
''Bistahieversor'' (meaning "Bistahi destroyer"), also known as the "Bisti Beast", is a genus of basal Eutyrannosauria, eutyrannosaurian Theropoda, theropod dinosaur. The genus contains only a single known species, ''B. sealeyi'', described in 2010, from the Late Cretaceous of New Mexico. The holotype and a juvenile were found in the Hunter Wash Member of the Kirtland Formation, while other specimens came from the underlying Fossil Forest member of the Fruitland Formation. This dates ''Bistahieversor'' approximately 75.5 to 74.5 million years ago during the Campanian age, found in sediments spanning a million years. Discovery and naming The first remains now attributed to ''Bistahieversor'', a partial skull and skeleton, were described in 1990 as a specimen of ''Aublysodon''. Additional remains, consisting of the incomplete skull and skeleton of a juvenile, were described in 1992. Another complete skull and partial skeleton were found in the Bisti/De-Na-Zin Wilderness, Bisti/De- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lythronax
''Lythronax'' () is a genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaur that lived in North America around 81.9-81.5 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous period. The only known specimen was discovered in Utah in the Wahweap Formation of the Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument in 2009, and it consists of a partial skull and skeleton. In 2013, it became the basis of the new genus and species ''Lythronax argestes''; the generic name ''Lythronax'' means "gore king", and the specific name ''argestes'' originates from the Greek poet Homer's name for the wind from the southwest, in reference to the specimen's geographic provenance in North America. Size estimates for ''Lythronax'' have ranged between in length, and between in weight. It was a heavily built tyrannosaurid, and as a member of that group, it would have had small, two-fingered forelimbs, strong hindlimbs, and a very robust skull. The rear part of the skull of ''Lythronax'' appears to have been very broad, with eye sockets ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teratophoneus
''Teratophoneus'' ("monstrous murderer"; Greek: ''teras'', "monster" and ''phoneus'', "murderer") is a genus of Tyrannosaurinae, tyrannosaurine Theropoda, theropod dinosaur that lived during the late Campanian age of the Late Cretaceous period, (about 76.5 to 75.5 million years ago) in what is now Utah. It contains a single known species, ''T. curriei''. It is known from an incomplete skull and postcranial skeleton recovered from the Kaiparowits Formation and was specific name (zoology), specifically named ''T. curriei'' in honor of famed paleontologist Philip J. Currie. Discovery and naming Fossils of ''Teratophoneus'' were first found in the Kaiparowits Formation of southern Utah. Later, fossils from the same formation were discovered and identified as the genus. Argon-argon dating, Argon-argon radiometric dating indicates that the Kaiparowits Formation was deposited between 76.1 and 74.0 million years ago, during the Campanian age of the Late Cretaceous period. This date mea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daspletosaurini
Daspletosaurini is an extinct clade (tribe) of tyrannosaurine dinosaurs that lived in Laramidia during the Late Cretaceous (Middle Campanian) period. It consists of two genera: ''Daspletosaurus'' and '' Thanatotheristes''. Four species have been described in the two genera, namely ''Daspletosaurus torosus'', ''Daspletosaurus horneri'', ''Daspletosaurus wilsoni'', and ''Thanatotheristes degrootorum''. At one point all of them were assigned as specimens of ''D. torosus'', but several papers since 2017 have found them to represent distinct species. Some researchers found anagenesis in the group, whether contained in a daspletosaurin clade or paraphyletic in respect to the lineage of tyrannosaurines leading up to ''Tyrannosaurus'', but a 2023 study refuted this theory on the basis of morphological and stratigraphical data. Description Daspletosaurins were large predators, reaching around in length. However, they were not the largest tyrannosaurids, as more derived taxa, such as ''Ty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daspletosaurus
''Daspletosaurus'' ( ; meaning "frightful lizard") is a genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaur that lived in Laramidia between about 77 and 74.4 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous Period. The genus ''Daspletosaurus'' contains three named species. Fossils of the earlier type species, ''D. torosus'', have been found in Alberta, while fossils of a later species, ''D. horneri'', have been found only in Montana. ''D. wilsoni'' has been suggested as an intermediate species between ''D. torosus'' and ''D. horneri'' that evolved through anagenesis, though further research may be required to definitively support the theory. There are also multiple specimens which may represent new species of ''Daspletosaurus'' from Alberta and Montana, but these have not been formally described. The taxon '' Thanatotheristes'' has been suggested to represent a species of ''Daspletosaurus'', ''D. degrootorum'', but this has not been widely supported. ''Daspletosaurus'' is closely related to the much ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albertosaurinae
Albertosaurines, or dinosaurs of the subfamily Albertosaurinae, lived in the Late Cretaceous of United States and Canada. The subfamily was first used by Philip J. Currie, Jørn H. Hurum, and Karol Sabath as a group of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs. It was originally defined as "(''Albertosaurus'' + ''Gorgosaurus'')", including only the two genera. The group is the sister clade to Tyrannosaurinae. In 2007, it was found that the group also contained '' Maleevosaurus'', often synonymized with ''Tarbosaurus''. However, this classification has not been accepted and '' Maleevosaurus'' is still considered a juvenile ''Tarbosaurus'' or ''Tyrannosaurus''. Description Albertosaurines are large, lightly built tyrannosaurids. Compared to tyrannosaurines, they are more slender and have shorter, flatter skulls, shorter ilia, and proportionally longer tibiae. Albertosaurines and tyrannosaurines share arms of about equal length, with the exception of ''Tarbosaurus'', which had short arms for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asia
Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilisations. Its 4.7 billion people constitute roughly 60% of the world's population. Asia shares the landmass of Eurasia with Europe, and of Afro-Eurasia with both Europe and Africa. In general terms, it is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean, and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. The border of Asia with Europe is a social constructionism, historical and cultural construct, as there is no clear physical and geographical separation between them. A commonly accepted division places Asia to the east of the Suez Canal separating it from Africa; and to the east of the Turkish straits, the Ural Mountains an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. The region includes Middle America (Americas), Middle America (comprising the Caribbean, Central America, and Mexico) and Northern America. North America covers an area of about , representing approximately 16.5% of Earth's land area and 4.8% of its total surface area. It is the third-largest continent by size after Asia and Africa, and the list of continents and continental subregions by population, fourth-largest continent by population after Asia, Africa, and Europe. , North America's population was estimated as over 592 million people in list of sovereign states and dependent territories in North America, 23 independent states, or about 7.5% of the world's popula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyrannosaurus Rex
''Tyrannosaurus'' () is a genus of large theropoda, theropod dinosaur. The type species ''Tyrannosaurus rex'' ( meaning 'king' in Latin), often shortened to ''T. rex'' or colloquially t-rex, is one of the best represented theropods. It lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia. ''Tyrannosaurus'' had a much wider range than other Tyrannosauridae, tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of geological formations dating to the latest Campanian-Maastrichtian Age (geology), ages of the late Cretaceous Period (geology), period, 72.7 to 66 mya (unit), million years ago, with isolated specimens possibly indicating an earlier origin in the middle Campanian. It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids and among the last non-Bird, avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, ''Tyrannosaurus'' was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coelurosauria
Coelurosauria (; from Greek, meaning "hollow-tailed lizards") is the clade containing all theropod dinosaurs more closely related to birds than to carnosaurs. Coelurosauria is a subgroup of theropod dinosaurs that includes compsognathids, tyrannosauroids, ornithomimosaurs, maniraptorans, and over the recent years, megaraptorans (Although position within the clade is unclear). Maniraptora includes birds, the only known dinosaur group alive today. In the past, Coelurosauria was used to refer to all small theropods, but this classification has since been amended. Most feathered dinosaurs discovered so far have been coelurosaurs. Philip J. Currie had considered it likely and probable that all coelurosaurs were feathered. However, several skin impressions found for some members of this group show pebbly, scaly skin, indicating that feathers did not completely replace scales in all taxa. Anatomy Bodyplan The studying of anatomical traits in coelurosaurs indicates that the last c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
