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Tata (fortification)
A tata or tata somba is a historic type of fortification used throughout West Africa. The word is applied to the wall itself as well as the elite living spaces within it for the ruler of the tata and his court. It can also designate the defenses around a major city or other military center.Oumar Ba, "Le royaume du Kabou : enquêtes lexicales", ''Éthiopiques'' , October 1981 The term 'tata' derives from the Mandinka language but has used across a wide area, roughly corresponding to the former Mali Empire, since at least the 16th century. Tata are often made of wood and rammed earth or mudbrick, but sometimes of stone as well. They usually have round or square towers, sometimes thatched, with arrow or gun slits. Tata ruins, such as that of Maba Diakhou Bâ near Nioro du Rip in Senegal, generally date from the 19th century, though some are older. The construction materials used make them vulnerable to erosion and degradation if not maintained regularly. The Koutammakou, tata of no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortification
A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ("strong") and ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large cyclopean stone walls fitted without mortar had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae. A Greek ''Towns of ancient Greece#Military settlements, phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the ancient Roman, Roman castellum or fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tata Of Chasselay
Tata of Chasselay () is a cemetery in the city of Chasselay, Rhône including almost 200 graves of Senegalese Tirailleurs murdered during the Chasselay massacre of World War II. History From 19 to 20 June 1940, French troops delayed the entry of German forces into Lyon, which had been declared an "open city" on 18 June. Earlier on 17 June, French troops occupied Chasselay, a village roughly fifteen kilometres north-west of Lyon. Soldiers from the 405th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment, 25th Senegalese Tirailleurs Regiment and the French Foreign Legion erected barricades in the village with the help of local civilians. Having encountered little resistance during the capture of Dijon, German troops arrived on June 19, near Lissieu. However, the Germans met with strong resistance from the defenders of Chasselay, resulting in 50 troops killed overall along with one French civilian; more than 40 German soldiers were wounded. When the 25th Regiment surrendered, they were taken ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chad
Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North Africa, North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to Chad–Libya border, the north, Sudan to Chad–Sudan border, the east, the Central African Republic to Central African Republic–Chad border, the south, Cameroon to Cameroon–Chad border, the southwest, Nigeria to Chad–Nigeria border, the southwest (at Lake Chad), and Niger to Chad–Niger border, the west. Chad has a population of 19 million, of which 1.6 million live in the Capital city, capital and largest city of N'Djamena. With a total area of around , Chad is the fifth-largest country in Africa and the List of countries and dependencies by area, twentieth largest nation by area. Chad has several regions: the Sahara desert in the north, an arid zone in the centre known as the Sahel, and a more fertile Sudanian Savanna zone in the south. Lake Chad, after which the country is named, is the second-largest wetl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1881
Events January * January 1– 24 – Siege of Geok Tepe: Russian troops under General Mikhail Skobelev defeat the Turkomans. * January 13 – War of the Pacific – Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos: The Chilean army defeats Peruvian forces. * January 15 – War of the Pacific – Battle of Miraflores: The Chileans take Lima, capital of Peru, after defeating its second line of defense in Miraflores. * January 24 – William Edward Forster, chief secretary for Ireland, introduces his Coercion Bill, which temporarily suspends habeas corpus so that those people suspected of committing an offence can be detained without trial; it goes through a long debate before it is accepted February 2. Note that Coercion bills had been passed almost annually in the 19th century, with a total of 105 such bills passed from 1801 to 1921. * January 25 – Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell form the Oriental Telephone Company. February * February ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kédougou
Kédougou ( Wolof: Keédugu) is a town in the Kédougou Region of south-eastern Senegal near the border with Mali and Guinea. It lies at an elevation of above sea level. Founded by the Malinké people, Kédougou means the "Land of Man". The town lies on the N7 road and the River Gambia amid the Pays Bassari hills and Fouta Djallon foothills. Local attractions include the Dindefelo Falls and Niokolo-Koba National Park. The main sources of income in the town are agriculture, small-scale commerce, construction, and gold mining. There is a military camp, a hospital, a community radio station and library, a Peace Corps Office and a number of small businesses. The most commonly spoken languages are Pulaar, Bassari, Bedik, Diakhanké, Malinké and French. In 2007, according to official estimates, Kédougou had a population of 18,860. Transport A proposed railway branching off the existing line at Tambacounda would serve this town. Mining The gold-mining industry has b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kouaba
Kouaba is a town and arrondissement in the Atakora Department of northwestern Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Natitingou. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin An institute is an organizational body created for a certain purpose. They are often research organisations (research institutes) created to do research on specific topics, or can also be a professional body. In some countries, institutes ca ... on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 6,044. , accessed b Geohive , accessed February 2, 2010 References {{coo ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Édouard Riou
Édouard Riou (; 2 December 1833 – 27 January 1900) was a French illustrator who illustrated six novels by Jules Verne, as well as several other well-known works. Life Riou was born in 1833 in Saint-Servan, Ille-et-Vilaine, and studied under Charles-François Daubigny and Gustave Doré, graduating in 1859. Apart from supplying designs for wood-engravings, his artistic specialties included landscape painting and commemorative art (including works for the opening of the Suez Canal and the marriage of a daughter of the Czar).Arthur B. Evans: ''The Illustrators of Jules Verne's Voyages Extraordinaires''. In Science-Fiction Studies, XXV:2 (July 1998), p. 250. His collaboration with Jules Verne started in 1865 with the publication of Verne's novel ''Five Weeks in a Balloon'', and continued for a run of six novels in all: *''Five Weeks in a Balloon'' (1865): 51 illustrations by Riou (40) and Henri de Montaut (5), unsigned (6), wood-engravings by Coste, Delaville, Dumont, Fournier ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yang-Yang
Yang-Yang is a village in northern Senegal, the seat of the eponymous Yang-Yang Arrondissement since 1976. It was made the capital of the Kingdom of Jolof in 1865 under Bakane Tam Khary Dialor. Buurba Alboury Ndiaye built a Tata (fortification), tata in the town to defend it, using a labor force of 3000 men. The defenses successfully repelled an attach by Bara Ba, cousin of Shaikh Amadou Ba, in 1875. Yang-Yang was captured and burned by a French column led by Alfred Dodds in May 1890, bringing Jolof into the French colonial empire as a protectorate. Yang-Yang was the site of the first colonial school in Jolof, founded in 1897. The remains of the tata, palace, and a stele marking the location of the mosque with several prominent graves are on the list of National Historic Monuments of Senegal.Arrêté ministériel n°8836 MCPHC-DPC en date du 12 septembre 2007, Journal officiel du Sénégal. The former palace hosts the Museum of the History of Jolof and Franco-Senegalese Frien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gabu (town)
Gabu or Gabú may refer to: * Gabú region of Guinea-Bissau ** Gabú, a town and capital of Gabú region, Guinea-Bissau * Gabu, Nigeria * Gat Andrés Bonifacio University, a university in the Philippines {{Disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koniakary Tata
The tata of Koniakary is a tata built in the commune of Koniakary, from Kayes in Mali. It was constructed in 1855 at the initiative of El Hadj Oumar Tall. His goal was to defend against colonial troops. Presentation The tata had a rectangular form long by wide. It measured high with a thickness at the base of . The tata, with its eight towers, was built in flat stone, which was quarried from the site. The French expedition to take Nioro du Sahel left after the destruction of the Koniakary tata by colonel Louis Archinard, June 15, 1890. November , 2011 the Council of Ministers of Mali adopted a decree to classify the Koniakary tata as part of the national cultural patrimony of Mali. The remains of the defensive wall are still visible today. See also * Toucouleur Empire The Tukulor Empire (; ; ; also known as the Tijaniyya Jihad state or the Segu Tukulor or the Tidjaniya Caliphate or the Umarian State) (1861–1890) was an Islamic state in the mid-nineteenth century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
