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Tasman Global Access
Tasman Global Access (TGA) is a 2,288 km fibre-optic submarine communications cable that entered service in 2017, linking Australia and New Zealand. TGA consists of two fibre pairs and has a total design capacity of 20 terabits per second. See also * Other Australian international submarine cables (and year of first service): ** Australia Singapore Cable (2018) ** Hawaiki Nui Cable (2018) ** Pipe Pacific Cable (2009) ** Telstra Endeavour (2008) ** Australia–Japan Cable (2001) ** Southern Cross Cable (2000) ** SEA-ME-WE 3 (2000, Australian portion in service earlier) ** JASURAUS (1997) ** PacRimWest PacRimWest was a twin-pair 560Mbit/s optical submarine telecommunications cable which served as Australia's main link to the world along with its partner cables Tasman2 (connecting Australia to New Zealand) and PacRimEast (connecting New Zealan ... (1995) References Submarine communications cables in the Pacific Ocean Australia–New Zealand relations 2017 est ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raglan, New Zealand
Raglan is a small beachside town located 48 km west of Hamilton, New Zealand on State Highway 23. It is known for its surfing, and volcanic black sand beaches. History The Ngāti Māhanga iwi occupied the area around Raglan in the late 18th century. There are at least 81 archaeological sites in the area, mainly near the coast. Limited radiocarbon dating puts the earliest sites at about 1400AD. The Māori people named the site ("the long pursuit"). One tradition says that Tainui priest, Rakataura, crossed Whāingaroa on his way to Kāwhia. Another says it was among the places the early Te Arawa explorer, Kahumatamomoe, with his nephew Īhenga, visited on their expedition from Maketū. The first Europeans to settle in the area, the Rev James and Mary Wallis, Wesleyan missionaries, were embraced and welcomed by local Māori in 1835. European settlement, including large scale conversion of land to pasture, began in the mid-1850s after a large sale of land by Chief W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pipe Pacific Cable
PIPE Pacific Cable (PPC-1) is a submarine cable laid by PIPE Networks. It runs from Cromer, New South Wales, in Australia, to Piti, Guam. It resulted in huge international backhaul cost savings to Australian customers, for access to the US internet backbone, quoting up to "50% savings" versus existing cable operators. Capacity Quoting directly from PIPE International's PPC-1's Blog, substantial capacity will be available on the submarine cable network: "PPC-1 will be configured primarily as a two optic-fibre pair system however it will include up to an additional 4 optic fibre pairs providing the potential to install spurs extending to a number of strategic locations within and outside of Australia. The main backbone will be laid in deep water with landings in Sydney, Australia and Piti, Guam. The main segment of the network will cover approximately 6,500km. It will use the latest submarine wave division multiplexing to provide up to 96x10Gbps wavelengths on each fibre pair ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australia–New Zealand Relations
Foreign relations between neighbouring countries Australia and New Zealand, also referred to as Trans-Tasman relations, are extremely close. Both countries share a British colonial heritage as antipodean Dominions and settler colonies, and both are part of the wider Anglosphere. New Zealand sent representatives to the constitutional conventions which led to the uniting of the six Australian colonies but opted not to join. In the Boer War and in both world wars, New Zealand soldiers fought alongside Australian soldiers. In recent years the Closer Economic Relations free trade agreement and its predecessors have inspired ever-converging economic integration. Despite some shared similarities, the cultures of Australia and New Zealand also have their own sets of differences and there are sometimes differences of opinion which some have declared as symptomatic of sibling rivalry. This often centres upon sports and in commercio-economic tensions, such as those arising fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Submarine Communications Cables In The Pacific Ocean
A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely operated vehicles and robots, as well as medium-sized or smaller vessels, such as the midget submarine and the wet sub. Submarines are referred to as ''boats'' rather than ''ships'' irrespective of their size. Although experimental submarines had been built earlier, submarine design took off during the 19th century, and they were adopted by several navies. They were first widely used during World War I (1914–1918), and are now used in many navies, large and small. Military uses include attacking enemy surface ships (merchant and military) or other submarines, and for aircraft carrier protection, blockade running, nuclear deterrence, reconnaissance, conventional land attack (for example, using a cruise missile), and covert insertion o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PacRimWest
PacRimWest was a twin-pair 560Mbit/s optical submarine telecommunications cable which served as Australia's main link to the world along with its partner cables Tasman2 (connecting Australia to New Zealand) and PacRimEast (connecting New Zealand to Hawaii). PacRimWest was constructed in 1994 and was ready for service in June, and came into service on 31 January 1995 connecting Australia and Guam. It was withdrawn from service in 2005. The PacRimWest, Tasman2 and PacRimEast cables were designed at the very beginning of the internet era when the vast bulk of traffic was voice, fax and video for the television networks, with very limited requirement for data. The cables fairly quickly reached their capacity of 560Mbit/s on each of the fibre pairs leading to the requirement for the building of JASURAUS (5 Gbit/s) two years later. Around a year after Jasuraus became active, it too approached its capacity with Telstra being part of the consortium building SEA-ME-WE 3 (40Gbit/s). T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JASURAUS
JASURAUS was a 5.332 Gbit/s, 2,800 km optical submarine telecommunications cable that connected Port Hedland, Australia, to Jakarta, Indonesia, with a further interconnection to the APCN and which was decommissioned in 2012. The cable owners of the JASURAUS system that became part of the APCN were Optus, Telstra and Indosat. They joined the APCN consortium by transferring 90% of the JASURAUS capacity for 10% on the APCN. JASURAUS was conceived in 1995 as an additional link from Australia to provide telephony services connected to the world, with a design life of 25 years and at a cost of A$160 million. The name was derived from a concatenation of the originally planned sites of 'Jakarta' - 'Surabaya' - 'Australia'. However, the Surabaya landing was abandoned before project commencement, though the name remained. The landing point in Indonesia was at Ancol Cable Station. The final landing point chosen at the Australian end was in Port Hedland, a number of options were look ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Cross Cable
The Southern Cross Cable is a trans-Pacific network of telecommunications cables commissioned in 2000. The network is operated by the Bermuda-registered company ''Southern Cross Cables Limited''. The network has 28,900 km of submarine and 1,600 km of terrestrial fiber optic cables, all which operate in a triple-ring configuration. Initially, each cable had a bandwidth capacity of 120 gigabit/s. In April 2008 this capacity was doubled, and was once again upgraded to 860 gigabit/s at the end of 2008. Southern Cross upgraded the existing system to 1.2 Tbit/s in May 2010. After successful trials of 40G technology the first 400G of a planned 800G upgrade has been completed in February 2012, and the remaining 400G was completed in December 2012. An additional 400G was deployed utilizing 100G coherent wavelength technology in July 2013, taking total system capacity to 2.6Tbit/s, with an additional 500Gbit/s to be deployed per segment by Q2 2014, increasing total system cap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Australia–Japan Cable
The Australia–Japan Cable, or AJC, is a 12,700 km submarine telecommunications cable system linking Australia and Japan via GuamAustralia-Japan Cable completes refinancing that became operational in 2001. It had an original design capacity of 640 Gbit/s, but was initially equipped to use only 80 Gbit/s of this capacity. In April 2008 a capacity upgrade was completed, bringing equipped capacity to 240 Gbit/s. Design capacity was also increased to 1000 Gbit/s. Further upgrades will increase equipped capacity to meet increasing demand. International Cable Protection Committee. The AJC network employs a |
Telstra Endeavour
The Telstra Endeavour is a submarine cable connecting Sydney and Hawaii. The cable went live in October 2008, with a capacity of 1.28 terabits per second in the future (currently at 80 gigabits per second.) It was proposed on 28 March 2007 by Telstra, the largest telecommunications carrier in Australia. Landing points The landing points are: * Tamarama Beach, Sydney, Australia, with termination at Paddington * Keawaula, Waianae, Hawaii History Telstra announced that the cable would connect Sydney and Hawaii with a 9,000 km link, the largest ever built and owned by an Australian company, providing a transmission capacity of 1.28 terabit/s to Hawaii. The cable will be linked to others from Hawaii to the US mainland. The manufacture and laying of the cable was the responsibility of Alcatel-Lucent, which also supplied Telstra's two cables across Bass Strait and its Tasman Sea (Tasman 2) cable. Alcatel-Lucent is basing this turn-key projectAlcatel-Lucent media releas Telstra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawaiki Nui Cable
In Polynesian mythology, (also rendered as in Cook Islands Māori, in Samoan, in Tahitian, in Hawaiian) is the original home of the Polynesians, before dispersal across Polynesia. It also features as the underworld in many Māori stories. Anne Salmond states ''Havaii'' is the old name for Raiatea, the homeland of the Māori. When British explorer James Cook first sighted New Zealand in 1769, he had Tupaia on board, a Raiatean navigator and linguist. Cook's arrival seemed to be a confirmation of a prophecy by Toiroa, a priest from Māhia. At Tolaga Bay, Tupaia conversed with the ''tohunga'' associated with the school of learning located there, called Te Rawheoro. The priest asked about the Maori homelands, 'Rangiatea' (Ra'iatea), 'Hawaiki' (Havai'i, the ancient name for Ra'iatea), and 'Tawhiti' (Tahiti). Etymology Linguists have reconstructed the term to Proto- Nuclear Polynesian ''*sawaiki''. The Māori word figures in legends about the arrival of the Māori in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narrabeen
Narrabeen is a beachside suburb in northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Narrabeen is 23 kilometres north-east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Northern Beaches Council and is part of the Northern Beaches region. This area was named Broken Bay by James Cook as he sailed by. History There are a number of theories on the origin of the name "Narrabeen". The most fanciful is that Narrabeen is named after "narrow beans" which the English in the first year of settlement (1788) found and ate from a vine growing over beach sand. Surgeon White indeed recorded getting ill from such beans but this was well north of Narrabeen, near Broken Bay. The name Narrobine Creek appears in 1801 in records relating to two escaped convicts, and thus the name appears to have been in use before then. Another suggestion is that it derives from an Aboriginal word meaning swan. Surveyor James Meehan placed the name Narabang Narabang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
