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Taliaferro (apple)
The "Taliaferro" ( ), "Robinson" or "Robertson" was a cider apple grown at Monticello by Thomas Jefferson. This cultivar appears to be extinct, though some horticulturalists assert that the various cultivars such as 'Nelson County Crab,’ 'Highland County,' and 'Red Coat' may be related, or even the same cultivar under a different name. Jefferson called the variety "Taliaferro" in reference to a Major Richard Taliaferro, who first discovered the fruit growing in a Virginia field. Taliaferro himself claimed that the apples came from a property owned by the Robinson family. Jefferson, in a possible orthographic error, once referred to the family as the Robertson family in a letter to James Mease, adding even more confusion to the history of the Taliaferro apple. Jefferson stated the "Taliaferro" apple was very juicy and good for eating. He praised it as the best cider apple he had tasted, producing a hard cider similar to wine or Champagne Champagne (; ) is a sparkling ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malus Pumila
An apple is a round, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (''Malus'' spp.). Fruit trees of the orchard or domestic apple (''Malus domestica''), the most widely grown in the genus, are cultivated worldwide. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, '' Malus sieversii'', is still found. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Eurasia before they were introduced to North America by European colonists. Apples have cultural significance in many mythologies (including Norse and Greek) and religions (such as Christianity in Europe). Apples grown from seeds tend to be very different from those of their parents, and the resultant fruit frequently lacks desired characteristics. For commercial purposes, including botanical evaluation, apple cultivars are propagated by clonal grafting onto rootstocks. Apple trees grown without rootstocks tend to be larger and much slower to fruit after planting. Rootstocks are used to control the speed of growth and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hard Cider
Cider ( ) is an alcoholic beverage made from the fermented juice of apples. Cider is widely available in the United Kingdom (particularly in the West Country) and Ireland. The United Kingdom has the world's highest per capita consumption, as well as the largest cider-producing companies. Ciders from the South West of England are generally higher in alcoholic content. Cider is also popular in many Commonwealth countries, such as India, South Africa, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and New England. As well as the UK and its former colonies, cider is popular in Portugal (mainly in Minho and Madeira), France (particularly Normandy and Brittany), northern Italy (specifically Friuli), and northern Spain (specifically Asturias and Basque Country). Germany also has its own types of cider with Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse producing a particularly tart version known as Apfelwein. In the U.S. and Canada, varieties of alcoholic cider are often called hard cider to distinguish it from no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apple Cultivars
Over 7,500 cultivars of the culinary or eating apple (''Malus domestica'') are known. Some are extremely important economically as Product (business), commercial products, though the vast majority are not suitable for mass production. In the following list, use for "eating" means that the fruit is consumed raw, rather than cooked. Cultivars used primarily for making cider are indicated. Those varieties marked have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. This list does not include the species and varieties of apples collectively known as crab apples, which are grown primarily for ornamental purposes, though they may be used to make jelly or compote. These are described under ''Malus''. Table of apples Abbreviations A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z Cider apples Cider apples are a variety of apples that may be far too sour or bitter for fresh eating, but are used for making cider. Varie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses () was the lower house of the Virginia General Assembly from 1619 to 1776. It existed during the colonial history of the United States in the Colony of Virginia in what was then British America. From 1642 to 1776, the House of Burgesses was an important feature of Virginian politics, alongside the Crown-appointed colonial governor and the Virginia Governor's Council, the upper house of the General Assembly. When Virginia declared its independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain during the Fifth Virginia Convention in 1776 and became the independent Commonwealth of Virginia, the House of Burgesses was transformed into the House of Delegates, which continues to serve as the lower house of the General Assembly. Title ''Burgess'' originally referred to a freeman of a borough, a self-governing town or settlement in England. History Founding The Colony of Virginia was founded by a joint-stock company, the Virginia Company, as a private venture, though ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Robinson (Virginia Politician, Born 1705)
John Robinson, Jr. (February 3, 1705 – May 11, 1766) was an American politician and landowner in the colony of Virginia. Robinson served as Speaker of the House of Burgesses from 1738 until his death, the longest tenure in the history of that office.Kukla, pp. 123–128 Early and family life John Robinson was born to the former Catherine Beverley in Middlesex County and her planter husband John Robinson, both of the First Families of Virginia. His father would soon become one of the two members of the House of Burgesses representing Middlesex County, serving alongside his uncle Christopher Robinson. Robinson's father would ultimately serve on the Governor's Council (the upper house of the Virginia General Assembly, the House of Burgesses being the lower house) for 28 years, including a brief term as acting Governor until his unexpected death on August 24, 1749.encyclopediavirginia Another uncle, also Bishop John Robinson was known for his loyalty to the Crown and diplo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Kenrick (nurseryman)
William Kenrick (1795–1872) was an American nurseryman. When 28 years of age he was taken into partnership by his father, a pioneer nurseryman, whose gardens were planted in 1790 upon the ground where John Eliot commenced preaching the gospel to the Native Americans. Perhaps Kenrick will be best remembered on account of his introduction of the white mulberry, and the active part he took in the attempt to establish the silk Silk is a natural fiber, natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be weaving, woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is most commonly produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoon (silk), c ... industry in America. Works *''The new American orchardist; or, An account of the most valuable varieties of fruit, adapted to cultivation in the climate of the United States, from the latitude of 25 egreesto 54 egrees with their uses, modes of culture, and management; remedies for the maladies to which the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Champagne (wine)
Champagne (; ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, which demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, specific grape-pressing methods and secondary fermentation of the wine in the bottle to cause carbonation. The grapes Pinot noir, Pinot meunier, and Chardonnay are used to produce almost all Champagne, but small amounts of Pinot blanc, Pinot gris (called Fromenteau in Champagne), Arbane, and Petit Meslier are vinified as well. Champagne became associated with royalty in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. The leading manufacturers made efforts to associate their Champagnes with nobility and royalty through advertising and packaging, which led to its popularity among the emerging middle class. Origins Still wines from the Champagne region were known before medieval times. The Romans were the first to plant vineyards in this area of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wine
Wine is an alcoholic drink made from Fermentation in winemaking, fermented fruit. Yeast in winemaking, Yeast consumes the sugar in the fruit and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Wine is most often made from grapes, and the term "wine" generally refers to grape wine when used without any qualification. Even so, wine can be made fruit wine, from a variety of fruit crops, including plum, cherry, pomegranate, blueberry, Ribes, currant, and Sambucus, elderberry. Different varieties of grapes and Strain (biology), strains of yeasts are major factors in different styles of wine. These differences result from the complex interactions between the Biochemistry, biochemical development of the grape, the reactions involved in fermentation, the grape's growing environment (terroir), and the wine production process. Many countries enact legal appellations intended to define styles and qualities of wine. These typically restrict the geographical origin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cider Apple
Cider apples are a group of apple cultivars grown for their use in the production of cider (referred to as "hard cider" in the United States). Cider apples are distinguished from "cookers" and "eaters", or dessert apples, by their bitterness or dryness of flavour, qualities which make the fruit unpalatable but can be useful in cidermaking. Some apples are considered to occupy more than one category. In the United Kingdom, the Long Ashton Research Station categorised cider apples in 1903 into four main types according to the proportion of tannins and malic acid in the fruit. For cider production, it is important that the fruit contains high sugar levels which encourage Fermentation (food), fermentation and raise the final Ethanol, alcohol levels. Cider apples therefore often have higher sugar levels than Table apple, dessert and cooking apples. It is also considered important for cider apples to contribute tannins, which add depth to the finished cider's flavour. Classification ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taliaferro Apple
The "Taliaferro" ( ), "Robinson" or "Robertson" was a cider apple grown at Monticello by Thomas Jefferson. This cultivar appears to be extinct, though some horticulturalists assert that the various cultivars such as 'Nelson County Crab,’ 'Highland County,' and 'Red Coat' may be related, or even the same cultivar under a different name. Jefferson called the variety "Taliaferro" in reference to a Major Richard Taliaferro, who first discovered the fruit growing in a Virginia field. Taliaferro himself claimed that the apples came from a property owned by the Robinson family. Jefferson, in a possible orthographic error, once referred to the family as the Robertson family in a letter to James Mease, adding even more confusion to the history of the Taliaferro apple. Jefferson stated the "Taliaferro" apple was very juicy and good for eating. He praised it as the best cider apple he had tasted, producing a hard cider similar to wine or Champagne. In 1835, a gentleman named William K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Mease
James Mease (1771–1846)OAC - James Mease papers was an American scientist, horticulturist, and medical doctor from Philadelphia who published the first known tomato-based recipe in 1812.Pure Ketchup: A History of America's National Condiment, with Recipes by Andrew Smith, The Rise, and Demise of Homemade Ketchup, p.19. Early life and education Mease was born on August 11, 1771, the son of Philadelphians John and Esther (Miller) Mease. After receivin ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
