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Professional Go handicaps were a system developed in Japan, in the Edo period, for handicapping professional players of the game of Go (game), Go against each other. With the abolition of the Oteai system, which from the 1920s had used some handicap games to determine the Go ranks and ratings, Go ranking of professional players, this system has become obsolete. It is now completely superseded by the use of ''komidashi''. Knowledge of it is required to understand the conditions of play in historical Go matches, particularly the jubango that died out around 1960. Pro levels The professional Go ranks have traditionally been divided into nine levels, with shodan or 1 dan being the initial grade for a student player certified as professional (''kishi'' in Japanese). The ranks go up to 9 dan, the whole system being based on old customs from the Chinese Imperial court. (The imperial court had 1 9 Pin Zhi, pin as highest and 9 pin as lowest however). To this day there are nine professiona ...
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Jubango
Jūbango (十番碁) is a Japanese term for a Go match consisting of ten games which might be ended earlier if agreed by both players. A decisive victory would result in the opponent being ' beaten down' to a lower rank. A player would be beaten down if he fell behind his opponent by four wins in the net score. This would mean a change in the playing terms corresponding to a handicap suitable for a rank difference of one rank. Some notable historical ''jūbango'' players are Go Seigen (1914-2014), Kitani Minoru (1909–75), Honinbo Shuei (1852-1907) and Hashimoto Utaro (1907-94). These matches were usually spread over long time-periods, with gaps of months possible between games. They were also peripatetic (taking place in different venues). Both of these features make them different from modern mind sports matches, which tend to be held over a short time in a definite location. Modern go title matches have adapted these characteristics of a jūbango. Traditional format Among ...
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