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Tadeusz Gebethner
Tadeusz Jerzy Gebethner (18 November 1897 – 14 October 1944) was a Polish soldier, insurgent, bookseller, and footballer. From 1914 to 1925 he was an active player and captain of the Polonia Warsaw team; later he worked in his family bookstore and publishing business (). Tadeusz Gebethner fought in the Polish–Soviet War and Polish September Campaign. Becoming an officer of the Home Army after the invasion, from 1942 he sheltered a Jewish family in his home in Warsaw during the German occupation. A participant of the Warsaw Uprising, he was critically wounded and taken prisoner to Stalag-XIA, where he died from the same injuries on 14 October 1944. For his wartime activities, he was recognised as one of the Polish Righteous Among the Nations in 1981. Biography Early life Tadeusz Jerzy Gebethner was born on 18 November 1897 in Warsaw into the Gebethner family. His father, was a bookseller, publisher, and co-owner of the company. His mother, Maria Gebethner née Herse, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw
Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a Warsaw metropolitan area, greater metropolitan area of 3.27 million residents, which makes Warsaw the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 6th most-populous city in the European Union. The city area measures and comprises List of districts and neighbourhoods of Warsaw, 18 districts, while the metropolitan area covers . Warsaw is classified as an Globalization and World Cities Research Network#Alpha 2, alpha global city, a major political, economic and cultural hub, and the country's seat of government. It is also the capital of the Masovian Voivodeship. Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polonia Warsaw
Polonia Warsaw (, ), founded on 19 November 1911, is the oldest existing sports club in Warsaw, the capital of Poland, best known for its Association football, football and basketball teams. It also has track and field, Swimming (sport), swimming, chess, mountain biking, and contract bridge sections. Historically it also had sections in ice hockey, fencing, tennis, volleyball, Czech handball, ''hazena'', Cycle sport, cycling and boxing. The football team competes in the I liga, the second level of the Polish football league system. History 20th century Beginnings Polonia Warsaw was formed in the autumn of 1911 as a union of several ''Gymnasium (school), gimnazjum'' school teams (including "Stella" and "Merkury"). Alongside co-founders Wacław Gebethner, Stefan Pronaszko, and Tadeusz Gebethner, Wacław "Denhoff" Czarnocki was the co-founder of the club who also came up with its name. "Polonia" is Latin for "Poland" and is often used by Polish migrants in reference to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5th Zaslaw Uhlan Regiment
5th Zasław Uhlan Regiment (Polish: 5 Pułk Ułanów Zasławskich, 5 puł) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army in the Second Polish Republic. It was garrisoned in the city of Ostrołęka, while its reserve was based in Garwolin. The regiment celebrated its day on September 26, the anniversary of the 1920 Charge of Zasław. Its traditions were based on the 5th Uhlan Regiment, created in 1830, which fought in the November Uprising. History The regiment dated back to November 1917, when Polish Cavalry Squadron was formed out of ethnic Poles, serving in Imperial Russian Army's 9th Cavalry Division. In January 1918, the squadron was reorganized into a regiment, which soon afterwards joined the Polish II Corps in Russia. On May 12, 1918, after the Battle of Kaniów, the regiment was dissolved by the Germans, who sent its officers to Brest Fortress. On November 13, 1918, officers of the regiment were released from German prison, and arrived at Warsaw. On the next day, they began f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Association Football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 Football player, players who almost exclusively use their feet to propel a Ball (association football), ball around a rectangular field called a Football pitch, pitch. The objective of the game is to Scoring in association football, score more goals than the opposing team by moving the ball beyond the goal line into a rectangular-framed Goal (sport), goal defended by the opposing team. Traditionally, the game has been played over two 45-minute halves, for a total match time of 90 minutes. With an estimated 250 million players active in over 200 countries and territories, it is the world's most popular sport. Association football is played in accordance with the Laws of the Game (association football), Laws of the Game, a set of rules that has been in effect since 1863 and maintained by the International Football Association Board, IFAB since 1886. The game is pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
POLIN Museum Of The History Of Polish Jews
POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews () is a museum on the site of the former Warsaw Ghetto. The Hebrew word ''Polin'' in the museum's English name means either "Poland" or "rest here" and relates to a legend about the arrival of the first Jews to Poland. Construction of the museum in designated land in Muranów, Warsaw's prewar Jewish quarter, began in 2009, following an international architectural competition won by Finnish architects Rainer Mahlamäki and Ilmari Lahdelma. Completed at a cost of , the museum opened on 19 April 2013 with the core exhibition, showcasing the thousand-year history of Polish Jews, opening on 28 October 2014. The museum's architecture features a minimalist exterior with glass fins and copper mesh, and an interior designed by Event Communications. A central feature is the cavernous entrance hall, symbolizing the fractured history of Polish Jews. The organizational structure of POLIN includes an academic team led by Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matura
or its translated terms (''mature'', ''matur'', , , , , ', ) is a Latin name for the secondary school exit exam or "maturity diploma" in various European countries, including Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland and Ukraine. It is taken by young adults (usually aged from 17 to 20) at the end of their secondary education, and generally must be passed in order to apply to a university or other institutions of higher education. is a matriculation examination and can be compared to '' A-Level exams'', the or the . By country Albania The official name is '' Matura Shtetërore'' (State Matura) which was introduced in 2006 by the Ministry of Education and Science replacing the school based ''Provimet e Pjekurisë'' (Maturity Examination). The ''Matura'' is the obligatory exam after finishing the ''gjimnaz'' (secondary scho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Real School
Real school (, ) is a type of secondary school in Germany, Switzerland and Liechtenstein. It has also existed in Croatia (''realna gimnazija''), the Austrian Empire, the German Empire, Denmark and Norway (''realskole''), Sweden (''realskola''), Finland (''reaalikoulu''), Hungary (''reáliskola''), Latvia (''reālskola''), Slovenia (''realka''), Serbia (''realna gimnazija/realka''), and the Russian Empire (''реальное училище''), including partitioned Poland (''szkoła realna''). Germany Situation of the school In the German secondary school system, ''Realschule'' is ranked between Hauptschule (lowest) and Gymnasium (school), Gymnasium (highest). After completing the ''Realschule'', good students are allowed to attend a professional Gymnasium or a general-education Gymnasium. They can also attend a ''Berufsschule'' or do an apprenticeship. In most states of Germany, students start the ''Realschule'' at the age of ten or eleven and typically finish school at the age ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boguslaw Herse Fashion House
Boguslaw Herse Fashion House () was a fashion house and department store in Warsaw, Poland, operating during the interwar period. History The Herse family hails from France. In the 13th century, its members were lawyers at princely courts. The ancestors of today's Herse family were Huguenots and likely lived in the northern part of the country. During the religious persecutions between 1562 and 1685, the family fled France and took refuge in one of the German duchies. We find traces of the family in the 18th century in the Grand Duchy of Poznań, which was then part of Prussia Prussia (; ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija'') was a Germans, German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussia (region), Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, .... Gotfried Leberecht Herse (1774–1828) was married to Natalia Klossin and, after her death, to her sister Rozyna. He owned a bakery in Krotoszyn and later ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Righteous Among The Nations
The citizens of Poland have the highest count of individuals who have been recognized by Yad Vashem as the Polish Righteous Among the Nations, for saving Jews from extermination during the Holocaust in World War II. There are Polish men and women conferred with the honor, over a quarter of the recognized by Yad Vashem in total. The list of Righteous Among the Nations is not comprehensive and it is estimated that hundreds of thousands of Poles concealed and aided tens of thousands of their Polish-Jewish neighbors. Many of these initiatives were carried out by individuals, but there also existed organized networks of Polish resistance which were dedicated to aiding Jews – most notably, the '' Żegota'' organization. In German-occupied Poland, the task of rescuing Jews was difficult and dangerous. All household members were subject to capital punishment if a Jew was found concealed in their home or on their property. Activities Before World War II, Poland's Jew ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stalag-XIA
Stalag XI-A (also known as Stalag 341) was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp ('' Stammlager''), located just to the east of the village of Altengrabow and in the south of Dörnitz in Saxony-Anhalt, about south-west of Berlin. Camp history Pre-war The camp was located on ''Truppenübungsplatz Altengrabow'' ("Altengrabow Military Training Area"), which had been in use by the German Army since 1893, and had served as the prisoner-of-war camp Dörnitz Altengrabow during World War I, holding around 12,000 POW of various nationalities. World War II During the German invasion of Poland which started World War II, in September 1939 it again became a prisoner-of-war camp, and was designated Stalag XI, before it was renumbered Stalag XI-A in November 1939. The camp housed Australian, French, British, Belgian, Serb, Russian, Italian, American, Dutch, Slovak and Polish PoWs, all in separate compounds, and served as the centre from which most of the PoWs were assigned to '' Arbe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occupation Of Poland (1939–1945)
During World War II, Poland was occupied by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union following the invasion in September 1939, and it was formally concluded with the defeat of Germany by the Allies in May 1945. Throughout the entire course of the occupation, the territory of Poland was divided between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (USSR), both of which intended to eradicate Poland's culture and subjugate its people. In the summer-autumn of 1941, the lands which were annexed by the Soviets were overrun by Germany in the course of the initially successful German attack on the USSR. After a few years of fighting, the Red Army drove the German forces out of the USSR and crossed into Poland from the rest of Central and Eastern Europe. Sociologist Tadeusz Piotrowski argues that both occupying powers were hostile to the existence of Poland's sovereignty, people, and the culture and aimed to destroy them. Before Operation Barbarossa, Germany and the Soviet Union coordinated th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
