|
Symbolic Location
A symbolic location is an expression coined by Sir Kenneth Newman, when he was Commissioner of the London Metropolitan Police Service (the Met) from 1982 to 1987. The term was used by the police in London in the 1980s to refer to a no-go area, one regarded by local youths as their territory, where police were viewed as intruders.Rose, David. ''A Climate of Fear''. Bloomsbury Publishing Ltd, 1992, pp. 31–32. John Smith, former deputy commissioner of the Met, said in 1991 that the term was no longer in use. Symbolic locations were identified with high unemployment, a high crime rate, drug dealing, and illegal drinking and gambling. Newman said in 1983 that they "equated closely with the criminal rookeries of Dickensian London," and symbolized the inability of the police to maintain law and order. In a report that year to the Home Secretary, he offered as examples Broadwater Farm in Tottenham, Railton Road in Brixton, and All Saints Road in Notting Hill. Stonebridge Estate in Harl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kenneth Newman
Sir Kenneth Leslie Newman (15 August 1926 – 4 February 2017) was a senior British police officer. He was Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) from 1976 to 1980, and Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police from 1982 to 1987. He is best known for initiating a major reform and restructure of the Metropolitan Police during his tenure as Commissioner and for seeing the RUC replace the British Army as the dominant security force in Northern Ireland during his tenure as Chief Constable. Early life and career Newman was born on 15 August 1926 in Hackney, London and grew up in North Bersted. He joined the Royal Air Force in 1942, three days after his 16th birthday. After basic training, Newman trained to be a wireless operator at No. 1 Radio School RAF when he was nicknamed " Jankers" but he did not complete the course and remustered to become a Mechanical Transport Driver. Completing his training, Newman served for two years with the RAF Far East Air Force. Caree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
No-go Area
A "no-go area" or "no-go zone" is a neighborhood or other geographic area where some or all outsiders are either physically prevented from entering or can enter at risk. The term includes exclusion zones, which are areas that are officially kept off-limits by the government, such as border zones and military exclusion zones. It also includes areas held by violent non-state actors, such as guerillas/insurgents, organized crime and terrorist organizations. In some cases, these areas have been held by insurgent organizations attempting to topple the government, such as Free Derry, an area in Northern Ireland that was held by the Irish Republican Army from 1969 to 1972. In other cases, the areas simply coexist alongside the state; an example is Kowloon Walled City, an area in Hong Kong essentially ruled by triad organizations from the 1950s to the 1970s. In the 21st century, the term has most often been used to refer to areas that police or medical workers consider too dangerous t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Dickens
Charles John Huffam Dickens (; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English novelist, journalist, short story writer and Social criticism, social critic. He created some of literature's best-known fictional characters, and is regarded by many as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era.. His works enjoyed unprecedented popularity during his lifetime and, by the 20th century, critics and scholars had recognised him as a literary genius. His novels and short stories are widely read today. Born in Portsmouth, Dickens left school at age 12 to work in a boot-blacking factory when his father John Dickens, John was incarcerated in a debtors' prison. After three years, he returned to school before beginning his literary career as a journalist. Dickens edited a weekly journal for 20 years; wrote 15 novels, five novellas, hundreds of short stories and nonfiction articles; lectured and performed Penny reading, readings extensively; was a tireless letter writer; and campaigned vigor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Broadwater Farm
Broadwater Farm, often referred to simply as "The Farm", is an area in Tottenham, North London, straddling the River Moselle (London), River Moselle. The eastern half of the area is dominated by the Broadwater Farm Housing estate, Estate ("BWFE"), an experiment in high-density Council house, social housing, loosely based on Le Corbusier, Corbusian ideas, dominated by concrete towers connected by walkways (the controversial, so-called "Streets in the sky"), built in the late 1960s using cheap but fire-vulnerable pre-fabricated concrete panels. The western half of the area is taken up by Lordship Recreation Ground, one of north London's largest parks. Broadwater Farm in 2011 had a population of 4,844. The estate is owned by Haringey London Borough Council. Following the publication of Alice Coleman's ''Utopia on Trial'' in 1985, the area acquired a reputation as one of the worst places to live in the United Kingdom. This perception was exacerbated when serious Broadwater Farm riot, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Railton Road
Railton Road runs between Brixton and Herne Hill in the London Borough of Lambeth. The road is designated the B223. At the northern end of Railton Road it becomes Atlantic Road, linking to Brixton Road at a junction where the Brixton tube station is located. At the southern end is Herne Hill railway station. History The 1981 Brixton riot started here. The George public house was burnt down and a number of other buildings were damaged, and the area became known as the "Front Line". The George was replaced with a Caribbean bar called Mingles in 1981, which lasted in one form or another (later called Harmony) as a late-night mostly Caribbean-British attended club/bar until the 2000s. Despite its reputation as run-down, violent and racially tense – a "no-go" area – it was a hotbed of Afro-Caribbean culture, radical political activity and working-class community. On 30 October 2022, 21-year-old Deliveroo driver Guilherme Messias Da Silva, and 27-year-old Lemar Urquhart were ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All Saints Road
All Saints Road is a street in London's Notting Hill district, best known as being an important centre for the UK's Afro-Caribbean community. It runs north to south from Tavistock Crescent to Westbourne Park Road, and has junctions with Tavistock Road and Lancaster Road. It runs parallel to Portobello Road, but two streets to the east. In 1968, Trinidadian community activist and civil rights campaigner Frank Crichlow opened The Mangrove at No. 8, and by 1969 it was attracting serious police attention, leading to the arrest and trial of the Mangrove Nine in 1970–71. Dom Joly lived in a top-floor flat there from 1992 to 2004. The pop group All Saints were formed at a recording studio in the area. The British fashion retailer AllSaints, founded in 1994, takes its name from the street as does the British independent record label All Saints Records All Saints Records is a British independent record label specialising in post-rock, downtempo and ambient music. Hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harlesden
Harlesden is a district in the London Borough of Brent, north-west London. Located north of the Grand Union Canal and Wormwood Scrubs, the Harrow Road flows through the centre of the area which goes eastwards to Central London and west towards Wembley. Harlesden was historically in the Municipal Borough of Willesden before the creation of Brent; it lies within Willesden's postal district of NW10. Harlesden has been praised for its vibrant Caribbean culture and unofficially named London's reggae capital for its contributions to the musical genre. The town centre contains a large number of multicultural independent businesses, while industry exists by the canal, most notably a McVitie's biscuit factory that has been operating since 1902. The population includes people of Afro-Caribbean heritage most notably, as well as Irish, Portuguese, Brazilian, Somali, and smaller Latin American and East African groups within the community. History Harlesden was once a Saxon settleme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Notting Hill Carnival
The Notting Hill Carnival is an annual Caribbean Carnival event that has taken place in London since 1966"About us" , Notting Hill Carnival '13, London Notting Hill Enterprises Trust. on the streets of the Notting Hill area of Kensington, London, Kensington, over the August Bank Holiday weekend. It is led by members of the British African-Caribbean people, British Caribbean community, and attracts around two million people annually, making it one of the world's largest street festivals, and a significant event in British African-Caribbean people, British African Caribbean and British Indo-Caribbean people, British Indo-Caribbean culture. In 2006, the UK public voted it onto a list of icons of England. Carnival traditionally commences on the Saturday with ''Panorama'', a competition between stee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter Waddington
Peter Anthony James "Tank" Waddington (6 March 1947 – 21 March 2018), often credited as P. A. J. Waddington was a British police officer and later an academic at the University of Wolverhampton, in the United Kingdom. He is known for his research and works on policing and social policy; in particular he is credited for inventing the controversial police tactic of kettling. Academic career Waddington began his career in 1963, as a Police Cadet and later Police Constable, in Birmingham City Police. He left in 1969, after gaining a BSc in sociology from the University of London. He continued his studies in sociology at the University of Leeds in 1970, and after attaining his master's degree, became a Research Officer (1970–73) and later Research Fellow (1973–74) at Leeds. By 1974, he was lecturing at the university. He completed his PhD in ''The Occupational Socialization of Prison Governor Grades'', at Leeds in 1977. In 1976, Waddington left for a new post at the University o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Les Back
Les Back (born 17 December 1962) is a professor of sociology at the University of Glasgow and former Director of the Centre for Urban and Community Research at Goldsmiths, University of London. He is a researcher and author of books and academic studies on topics including racism, music and urban cultures. Biography Les Back was born in Croydon, South London. Back's first job was as a youth worker. He studied at both undergraduate and postgraduate level at Goldsmiths, University of London, receiving his PhD in social anthropology in 1991. He subsequently worked at the Institute of Education, Birkbeck College and the Department of Cultural Studies, University of Birmingham before returning to Goldsmiths in 1993. Key studies Back is the author of the following books: * ''The Art of Listening'' (2007) * ''Out of Whiteness: Color, Politics and Culture'' (2003 with Vron Ware) * ''The Changing Face of Football: Racism, Identity and Multiculture in the English Game'' (2001) with T Crab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
