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Svarn
Shvarn or Shvarno (; ; ; – ) was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1267 to 1269. He was also the prince of Kholm from 1264 to 1269. An influential leader, he became involved in internal struggles of power within the neighboring Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Name Little is known of Shvarn and even his name is not entirely certain. The original documents relating to this ruler are scarce and mention him under a variety of names. For instance the first edition of Lithuanian Annals mentions him as Shkvarno, but the following editions use the names of ''Skirmont'' and ''Skirmunt'', possibly a Ruthenisation of Lithuanian name ''Skirmantas''. Contemporary sources also mention his Christian name of ''Ioann'' (''Іоанн''), that is either John or George. In modern times the ruler is known by a variety of names in various historiographies, including Lithuanian ''Švarnas'', Ukrainian Шварно Данилович, Russian and Belarusian Шварн, and Polish ''Szwarno Daniłowicz''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daniel Of Galicia
Daniel Romanovich (1201–1264) was Prince of Galicia (1205–1207; 1211–1212; 1230–1232; 1233–1234; 1238–1264), Prince of Volhynia, Volhynia (1205–1208; 1215–1238), Grand Prince of Kiev (1240), and King of Ruthenia (1253–1264). Biography Early life and reign Daniel's father, Roman the Great, Roman Mstislavich, united the principalities of Principality of Halych, Galicia and Principality of Volhynia, Volhynia in 1199. After his death in 1205, the boyars of Galicia forced the four-year-old Daniel into exile with his mother Anna-Euphrosyne and brother Vasylko Romanovich. After the boyars proclaimed one of their own as prince, the Poles and Hungarians invaded the principality, ostensibly to support the claims of young Daniel and Vasylko, and divided it between themselves. In 1219, Danylo renounced his claims to Galicia (eastern Europe), Galicia in favor of his father-in-law, Mstislav the Bold. In 1221, Daniel re-established his rule over Volhynia, where the boyars a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 Partitions of Poland, partitions of Poland–Lithuania. The state was founded by Lithuanians (tribe), Lithuanians, who were at the time a Lithuanian mythology, polytheistic nation of several united Baltic tribes from Aukštaitija. By 1440 the grand duchy had become the largest European state, controlling an area from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south. The grand duchy expanded to include large portions of the former Kievan Rus' and other neighbouring states, including what is now Belarus, Lithuania, most of Ukraine as well as parts of Latvia, Moldova, Poland and Russia. At its greatest extent, in the 15th century, it was the largest state in Europe. It was a multinational state, multi-ethnic and multiconfessionalism, multiconfessional sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Duke Of Lithuania
This is a list of Lithuanian monarchs who ruled Lithuania from its inception until the fall of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1795. The Lithuanian monarch bore the title of Grand duke, Grand Duke, with the exception of Mindaugas, who was crowned king in 1253. Other Lithuanian rulers, such as Vytautas the Great, also attempted to secure a royal coronation, but these efforts were unsuccessful.Nadveckė, Ineta (6 July 2019Trys Lietuvos karaliai: vienas tikras, vienas nelabai ir vienas beveik''Lithuanian National Radio and Television, LRT''. Until 1569, the Lithuanian monarchy was hereditary. In 1386, Grand Duke Jogaila was elected King of Poland. From that point onward, with some interruptions, the two states were united in a personal union, sharing a common ruler until 1569, when they were formally merged by the Union of Lublin to form the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The monarch of this new state was elected in a free election by the entire nobility. From the Christianizat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slavic Name
Given names originating from the Slavic languages are most common in Slavic countries. The main types of Slavic names: * Two-base names, often ending in mir/měr (''Ostromir/měr'', ''Tihomir/měr'', '' Němir/měr''), *voldъ (''Vsevolod'', ''Rogvolod''), *pъlkъ (''Svetopolk'', ''Yaropolk''), *slavъ (''Vladislav'', ''Dobroslav'', ''Vseslav'') and their derivatives (''Dobrynya, Tishila, Ratisha, Putyata'', etc.) * Names from flora and fauna (''Shchuka'' - pike, ''Yersh'' - ruffe, ''Zayac'' - hare, ''Wolk''/'' Vuk'' - wolf, ''Orel'' - eagle) * Names in order of birth (''Pervusha'' - born first, ''Vtorusha''/''Vtorak'' - born second, ''Tretiusha''/''Tretyak'' - born third) * Names according to human qualities (''Hrabr'' - brave, ''Milana/Milena'' - beautiful, ''Milosh'' - beloved, ''Nadezhda -'' hope) * Names containing the root of the name of a Slavic deity (''Troyan'', ''Perunek/Peruvit'', ''Yarovit'', ''Stribor'', ''Šventaragis'', ''Veleslava'') History In pre-Christi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lviv
Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the List of cities in Ukraine, fifth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main Ukrainian culture, cultural centres of Ukraine. Lviv also hosts the administration of Lviv urban hromada. It was named after Leo I of Galicia, the eldest son of Daniel of Galicia, Daniel, King of Ruthenia. Lviv (then Lwów) emerged as the centre of the historical regions of Red Ruthenia and Galicia (Eastern Europe), Galicia in the 14th century, superseding Halych, Chełm, Belz, and Przemyśl. It was the capital of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia from 1272 to 1349, when it went to King Casimir III the Great of Kingdom of Poland, Poland in a Galicia–Volhynia Wars, war of succession. In 1356, Casimir the Great granted it town rights. From 1434, it was the regional capital of the Ruthenian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lev I Of Galicia
Leo I of Galicia (; – c. 1301) was King of Ruthenia, Prince of Belz (1245–1264), Przemyśl, Galicia (1264–1269), and Kiev (1271–1301). He was a son of King Daniel of Galicia and his first wife, Anna Mstislavna Smolenskaia (daughter of Mstislav Mstislavich the Bold). As his father, Lev was a member of the senior branch of Vladimir II Monomakh descendants. Early life As a child, Leo took part in the Battle of Jarosław, in which his father defeated the coalition of prince Rostislav Mikhailovich, a pretender to Galician throne, and returned control over Halych. In 1247, Leo married Constance, the daughter of Béla IV of Hungary. In 1252 he supported his younger brother Roman Danylovich in Bohemia during the fight over the Austrian succession of the Babenberg dynasty. Later that year he led Galician troops against the Tatars near Bakota. In the following years Leo helped Daniel to fight against the Yotvingians, Lithuanians and forces of the Golden Horde. In 1262 Leo t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drohiczyn
Drohiczyn () (, ) is a town in Siemiatycze County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland. The town has a population of 2,110 and is situated on the bank of the Bug River. Drohiczyn has a long and rich history, as in the past it was one of the most important cities of the region of Podlachia. Currently, it is the seat of Roman Catholic Diocese of Drohiczyn. History A Neolithic settlement, La Tène culture crematoria, and ancient graves have been uncovered in what now is Drohiczyn. Drohiczyn, regarded as one of the oldest towns of the region of Podlasie, was in ancient times located among dense forests. Middle Ages In early Middle Ages, the town's territory was inhabited by the warring tribe of Yotvingians. It is not known who founded the Drohiczyn gord: it was most likely a defensive settlement of the Yotvingians, mentioned in Rus' chronicles in 1061. In 1142, Grand Duke Vsevolod II of Kiev divided his realm between his family, granting Drohiczyn (as Dorohychin) and Brest to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mielnik
Mielnik is a village in Siemiatycze County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Mielnik. It lies approximately south-east of Siemiatycze and south of the regional capital Białystok. There is an open pit chalk mine in Mielnik. History Mielnik has a long and rich history. The area of the town was in c. 1018 captured by warriors of Bolesław Chrobry, and remained in Polish hands until c. 1050, when Kazimierz Odnowiciel handed it to Grand Prince of Kiev, Yaroslav the Wise, for his help in getting rid of Miecław. Since Mielnik was located near the settlement of the Yotvingians, its area was subject to frequent raids. In 1323–1324, Mielnik and nearby Drohiczyn were captured by Lithuanian Duke Gediminas, and remained part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1569, part of the Polish–Lithuanian union since 1385, except for the period of 1391–1408, when it was governed b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czerwień
Czerwień was a West Slavic settlement near the site of modern Czermno near Tyszowce. In early Middle Ages, the town was the administrative centre of the so-called Czerwień Towns, that is the region roughly correspondent to later Red Ruthenia. The town itself had been destroyed by a Tartar raid around 1289, never to be rebuilt. Its role as the local administrative centre was taken over by the town of Bełz. Czerwień Land In addition to being the name of an ancient city, long since destroyed, Land of Czerwień () was the name of a region in the southeast of Poland. See Red Ruthenia. Most of the Land of Czerwień was seized by the Soviet Union, first in September 1939 during the Soviet invasion of Poland. Then at the end of World War II, Czerwień became one of the territories annexed by the Soviet Union. The main cities in Czerwień Land, taken into the USSR and now in Ukraine are Lwów Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bełz
Belz (, ; ; ) is a small city in Lviv Oblast, western Ukraine, located near the Poland–Ukraine border, border with Poland between the Solokiya River (a tributary of the Bug River) and the Richytsia stream. Belz hosts the administration of Belz urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is approximately Origin of name There are a few theories as to the origin of the name: * Celtic languages, Celtic – ''belz'' (water) or ''pelz'' (stream), * German language, German – ' (fur, furry) * Old Slavic language, Old Slavic and the Boyko dialect – «белз» or «бевз» (muddy place), * Old East Slavic – «бълизь» (white place, a glade in the midst of dark woods). The name occurs only in two other places, the first being a Celtic area in antiquity, and the second one being derived from its Romanian name: * ''Belz, Morbihan, Belz'' (department Morbihan), Brittany, France * ''Bălți'' (/''Beljcy'', also known in Yiddish as ''Beltz''), Moldova (Be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Ruthenia
Red Ruthenia, also called Red Rus or Red Russia, is a term used since the Middle Ages for the south-western principalities of Kievan Rus', namely the Principality of Peremyshl and the Duchy of Belz, Principality of Belz. It is closely related to the term Cherven Cities ("Red Cities"). First mentioned by that name in a Polish chronicle of 1321, Red Ruthenia was the portion of Ruthenia incorporated into Poland by Casimir the Great during the 14th century. Following the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' in the 13th century, Red Ruthenia was contested by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (the Gediminids), the Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385), Kingdom of Poland (the Piast dynasty, Piasts), the Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526), Kingdom of Hungary and the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. After the Galicia–Volhynia Wars, for about 400 years, most of Red Ruthenia became part of Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569), Poland as the Ruthenian Voivodeship. Nowadays, the region comprises parts of western Uk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bug River
The Bug or Western Bug is a major river in Central Europe that flows through Belarus (border), Poland, and Ukraine, with a total length of .Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Poland 2017 Statistics Poland, p. 85-86 A of the Narew, the Bug forms part of the |
