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Surameli
The House of Surameli ( ka, სურამელი; pl. სურამელები, ''suramelebi'') was a noble family in the medieval Kingdom of Georgia, with notable members from the 12th century to the 14th. At the height of their influence and prestige in the 13th century, the Surameli were hereditary ''eristavi'' ("duke") of Kartli and ''msakhurt-ukhutsesi'' ("Lord High Chamberlain") of Georgia. Origin The origin of the Surameli family has not been fully elucidated. Their surname derives from a territorial epithet, meaning "of/from Surami", a castle in the central Georgian province of Shida Kartli. Based on similarities in personal names and titles, the 19th-century French Orientalist Marie-Félicité Brosset identified the Surameli of the Georgian annals as possible members of the house of Orbeli. This hypothesis has been accepted by Cyril Toumanoff, who considers the "Orbelianis of Surami" as the cousins of those Orbeli who, exiled by George III of Georgia in 1177, l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
David VIII Of Georgia
David VIII (Georgian language, Georgian: დავით VIII; 1273–1311), from the Bagrationi dynasty, was king (''mepe'') of Kingdom of Georgia (1256–1329), Central and Eastern Georgia in 1292–1302 and 1308–1311. Biography Eldest son of Demetrius II of Georgia by his Family of Demetrius II of Georgia#First marriage, Trapezuntine wife, he was appointed by the Ilkhanate, Ilkhan ruler Gaykhatu as king of Georgia (country), Georgia as reward for his military service during the Rümelian uprising in 1293. Succeeding his cousin Vakhtang II, David's rule actually extended only over the eastern part of the kingdom, whereas western Georgia had been under the Imeretian branch of the House of Bagrationi dynasty, Bagrationi since 1259. In 1295, he supported Baydu in an internal conflict in the Ilkhanate. However, Baydu was killed and Ghazan became a Khan (title), khan. Ghazan ordered the Georgia (country), Georgian king to arrive to his capital Tabriz. Remembering the fate of his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vardzia
Vardzia ( ka, ვარძია ) is a cave monastery site in southern Georgia (country), Georgia, Rock cut architecture, excavated from the slopes of the Erusheti Mountain on the left bank of the Kura (Caspian Sea), Kura River, thirty kilometres from Aspindza. The main period of construction was the second half of the twelfth century. The caves stretch along the cliff for some five hundred meters and in up to nineteen tiers. The monastery was an important cultural center, a place of significant literary and artistic work. The Church of the Dormition of the Theotokos, Dormition, dating to the 1180s during the golden age of Tamar of Georgia, Tamar and Shota Rustaveli, Rustaveli, has an important series of Mural, wall paintings. The site was largely abandoned after the History of Georgia (country)#Ottoman and Iranian domination, Ottoman takeover in the sixteenth century. Now part of a state heritage reserve, the extended area of Vardzia-Khertvisi has been submitted for future insc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kartli
Kartli ( ka, ქართლი ) is a historical region in central-to-eastern Georgia traversed by the river Mtkvari (Kura), on which Georgia's capital, Tbilisi, is situated. Known to the Classical authors as Iberia, Kartli played a crucial role in the ethnic and political consolidation of the Georgians in the Middle Ages. Kartli had no strictly defined boundaries and they significantly fluctuated in the course of history. After the partition of the kingdom of Georgia in the 15th century, Kartli became a separate kingdom with its capital at Tbilisi. The historical lands of Kartli are currently divided among several administrative regions of Georgia. The Georgians living in the historical lands of Kartli are known as Kartlelebi (ქართლელები) and comprise one of the largest geographic subgroups of the Georgian people. Most of them are Eastern Orthodox Christians adhering to the national Georgian Orthodox Church and speak a dialect which is the basis of the mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Georgian Consorts
This is a list of the royal consorts of Georgia from –20 February 1810. Queen consort of the Kingdom of Iberia (302 BC–580) Queen consort of the Principality of Iberia (580–1008) Queen consort or King consort of the Kingdom of Georgia (1008–1490) Georgia split into three independent kingdoms by 1490. The Kings of Kartli were descendants of Constantine II, the Kings of Kakheti from George VIII and the Kings of Imereti from Bagrat VI. Queen consort of the Kingdom of Kartli (1484–1762) Upon Teimuraz II's death, Kartli and Kakheti were united once more with the exception of Imereti. Queen consort of the Kingdom of Kakheti (1490–1762) Upon Teimuraz II's death, Kartli and Kakheti were united once more with the exception of Imereti. Queen consort of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti (1762–1801) In 1762, the Kingdom of Kartli and the Kingdom of Kakheti were united under one ruler. Annexation of Kakheti and Kartli to Russia by Paul I of Russia Paul I (; – ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surami
Surami ( ka, სურამი) is a small town (''Daba (settlement), daba'') in Georgia (country), Georgia’s Shida Kartli region with a population of 7,492 as of 2014. It is a popular mountain climatic resort and a home to a medieval fortress. Location Surami is located on the southern slopes of the Likhi Range (alternatively known as the Surami Range) which divides Georgia into its eastern and western parts, four km from the town Khashuri, to which Surami is connected through a railway spur. History The first human settlement on Surami's territory dates back to the early Bronze Age. It is probably the Surium of Classical antiquity, Classical authors, specifically Pliny the Elder (AD 23-79), who place it in the eastern part of Colchis, towards Caucasian Iberia, Iberia. Strategically located at the entrance into the Borjomi Gorge and guarding the road from eastern to western Georgia, Surami became a heavily fortified town in the 12th century. From the 1170s to the latte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qutlu Arslan
Qutlu Arslan () was the 12th-century Georgian politician sometimes referred to as the Georgian Simon de Montfort for his rebellion, in circa 1184, against the unlimited royal power. A Georgianized Kipchak ("''naq'ivchaghari''", i.e. ex-Kipchak), his ancestry traced to those Turkic tribesmen from the North Caucasus steppes who had been settled in Georgia under King David IV (1089–1125). In sharp contrast to old, frequently rebellious Georgian feudal lords, Qutlu Arslan represented ennobled commoners and military servicemen, who gained distinction through their loyalty to the Georgian King George III (1156–1184) whom Qutlu served as a vizier and '' mechurchletukhutsesi'' (treasurer), a post he held upon Queen Tamar's ascend to the throne in 1184. Around the same year, he led a party of nobles and citizens who proposed an idea of limiting the royal power by a parliamentary-type legislature which, in the view of Qutlu Arslan and his followers, would be consist of two chambers: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tamar Of Georgia
Tamar the Great ( ka, თამარ მეფე, tr , ; 1160 – 18 January 1213) queen regnant, reigned as the List of monarchs of Georgia#Kings of unified Georgia (1008–1490), Queen of Kingdom of Georgia, Georgia from 1184 to 1213, presiding over the apex of the Georgian Golden Age. A member of the Bagrationi dynasty, her position as the first woman to rule Georgia in her own right was emphasized by the title ''mepe'' ("king"), afforded to Tamar in the medieval Georgian sources. Tamar was proclaimed heir and Coregency, co-ruler by her reigning father George III of Georgia, George III in 1178, but she faced significant opposition from the aristocracy upon her ascension to full ruling powers after George's death. Tamar was successful in neutralizing this opposition and embarked on an energetic foreign policy aided by the decline of the hostile Seljuk Empire, Seljuk Turks. Relying on a powerful military elite, Tamar was able to build on the successes of her predecessor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kvatakhevi
Kvatakhevi ( ka, ქვათახევი) is a medieval Georgian Orthodox monastery in Shida Kartli, Georgia, about 5 km south east of the village Tsinarekhi and west of the nation’s capital of Tbilisi. The Kvatakhevi monastic complex is situated near the village Kavtiskhevi at the end of the gorge cut by a stream in the northern slopes of the Trialeti Range, protected on three sides by the steep mountain slopes. It dates to the 12th-13th century, and resembles the monasteries of Betania, Pitareti, and Timotesubani in its architectural form and decoration, reflecting a contemporary canon of a Georgian domed church architecture. The overall plan is nearly a square, with the dome resting upon 2 freely standing pillars and 2 pillars fused with the ledges of the altar. The internal space of the church is formed by the arms of the cross and the dome which surmounts the crossing point. The building has two portals, one to the south and one to the west. The façades ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George VII Of Georgia
George VII ( ka, გიორგი VII, tr) (died 1405 or 1407) of the Bagrationi dynasty, was king (''mepe'') of the Kingdom of Georgia from 1393 until his death in 1407 (alternatively, from 1395 to 1405). Early life George born in the 1360s, he was the eldest son of Bagrat V of Georgia and his first wife Helena Megale Komnene, who died of the Bubonic plague in 1366. A year after her death, Bagrat married Anna of Trebizond, daughter of Alexios III of Trebizond. He became a co-king with his father in 1369, the co-optation of George may have been called for by the birth of Anna's first son, Constantine, to ensure George's rights in the face of a half-brother by a far more illustrious mother. In 1386 Timur besieged Tbilisi, where the Georgian nobles abandoned Bagrat V and retreated to their castles. Tbilisi fell on November 22, 1386, its inhabitants were massacred, and Bagrat was captured. In Bagrat's absence, George was offered the crown, but he refused, fearing for his fa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aragvi
The Aragvi ( ka, wikt:არაგვი, არაგვი, tr ) and its basin are in Georgia (country), Georgia on the southern slopes of the Caucasus Mountains. The river is long, and its basin covers an area of . The ground strata are mostly sandstone, slate, and limestone. The Zhinvali Dam and its 130 MW hydro-electricity, hydro-electric power station generate much of Georgia's power, and its construction in 1986 formed the Zhinvali Reservoir, upon whose north-western shores rises Ananuri castle with its 17th-century Church of the Assumption. Confusion over name and course Given its etymology (see below; the word simply means "river"), the exact course of the Aragvi River is the source of some confusion. The river has several important tributaries, all called "Aragvi": The Tetri Aragvi ("White Aragvi") flows from Gudauri down to the town of Pasanauri, where it is joined by the Shavi Aragvi ("Black Aragvi"), the main river of Gudamakari to the north-east. Together, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
