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Sur (tribe)
Sur, are a historical Pashtun tribe from among the Lodi living primarily in what is now Afghanistan and Pakistan. The founder of the Sur Empire in India, Sher Shah Sur, belonged to the Sur tribe. They ruled the Sur Empire from 1540 until they were removed from power in 1555 after the Battle of Sirhind by Humayun and the Persian army, who re-established the Mughal Empire. Mythical Origin They have been described by some as being of descendance from Arab general Khalid ibn al-Walid. History The Suri tribe of the Afghans inhabited the mountains of Ghor east of Furrah and their principal cities were Ghore, Feruzi and Bamian. See also * Sur Empire * Suri (name) * Pashtun tribes * Mandesh * Qais Abdur Rashid Qais Abdur Rashīd or Qais Abdul Rasheed () is said to be, in post-Islamic lore, the legendary founding father of the Pashtuns. It is believed that the conception of such a figure was promoted to bring harmony between religious and ethnic identit ... * Amir K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pashtun Tribes
The Pashtun tribes (), are tribes of the Pashtun people, a large Eastern Iranian ethnic group who speak the Pashto language and follow Pashtunwali, the social code of conduct for Pashtuns. They are found primarily in Afghanistan and Pakistan and form the world's largest tribe, tribal social group, society, comprising over 60 million people and between 350 and 400 tribes and clans. They are traditionally divided into four tribal confederacies: the Sarbani (), the Bettani (), the Ghurghusht (), the Karlani () and a few allied tribes of those that are Ismailkhel, Khel (clan), Khel, Ludin, Sakzai, and Zai (tribe), Zai. Folklore, Folkloric genealogies trace the ancestors of the Pashtuns to Qais Abdur Rashid and his three sons ''Saṛban'' (), ''Bēṭ'' (), and ''Gharghax̌t'' () as well as an adopted son, not directly adopted by Qais Abdul Rashid, but the identity of the adoptee, Karlāņ (), as well as the man who adopted him. According to some books written on the history of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hindustan
''Hindūstān'' ( English: /ˈhɪndustæn/ or /ˈhɪndustɑn/, ; ) was a historical region, polity, and a name for India, historically used simultaneously for northern Indian subcontinent and the entire subcontinent, used in the modern day to refer to the Republic of India by some but not officially. Being the Iranic cognate of the Indic word ''Sindhu'', it originally referred to the land of lower Indus basin (present-day Sindh) during the ancient era, but was later extended to refer to northern Indian subcontinent. It finally referred to the entire subcontinent since the early modern period.: "They used the name ''Hindustan'' for India Intra Gangem or taking the latter expression rather loosely for the Indian subcontinent proper. The term ''Hindustan'', which in the "Naqsh-i-Rustam" inscription of Shapur I denoted India on the lower Indus, and which later gradually began to denote more or less the whole of the subcontinent, was used by some of the European authors concer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pashto-language Surnames
Pashto ( , ; , ) is an Eastern Iranian languages, eastern Iranian language in the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family, natively spoken in northwestern Pakistan and southern and eastern Afghanistan. It has official status in Afghanistan and the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It is known in historical Persian literature as Afghani (). Spoken as a native language mostly by ethnic Pashtuns, it is one of the two official languages of Afghanistan alongside Dari,Constitution of Afghanistan �''Chapter 1 The State, Article 16 (Languages) and Article 20 (Anthem)''/ref> and it is the second-largest provincial Languages of Pakistan, language of Pakistan, spoken mainly in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the northern districts of Balochistan, Pakistan, Balochistan. Likewise, it is the primary language of the Pashtun diaspora around the world. The total number of Pashto-speakers is at least 40 million, (40 million) although some estimates place it as high as 60 milli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyclopædia Iranica
''Encyclopædia Iranica'' is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times. Scope The ''Encyclopædia Iranica'' is dedicated to the study of Iranian civilization in the wider Middle East, the Caucasus, Southeastern Europe, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. The academic reference work will eventually cover all aspects of Iranian history and culture as well as all Iranian languages and literatures, facilitating the whole range of Iranian studies research from archeology to political sciences. It is a project founded by Ehsan Yarshater in 1973 and currently carried out at Columbia University's Center for Iranian Studies. It is considered the standard encyclopedia of the academic discipline of Iranistics. The scope of the encyclopedia goes beyond modern Iran (also known as ''"Persia"'') and encompasses the entire Iranian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amir Kror Suri
Amīr Krōṛ Sūrī (), also known as Jahan Pahlawan, is a legendary character in Afghan national history and is claimed to have become the King of Mandesh in Ghor. Amir Kror Suri is considered to be the first poet of Pashto language. He is not to be confused with Amir Suri, the king of Ghor in the 9th-10th centuries. Description in Pata Khazana According to Pata Khazana, Amir Kror Sori was son of ''Amir Polad Suri'' (686-751 AD) who was the governor of Ghor.Pakhtunistan: the Khyber Pass as the focus of the new state of Pakhtunistan – Page 48 Allegedly, he lived in the time of Abu Muslim Khorasani in the 8th century, and became the first poet of Pashto language. See also * Amir Suri, a Ghurid king in the 9th and 10th century who was defeated in war with the Saffarid ruler Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar *Qais Abdur Rashid Qais Abdur Rashīd or Qais Abdul Rasheed () is said to be, in post-Islamic lore, the legendary founding father of the Pashtuns. It is believed that the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qais Abdur Rashid
Qais Abdur Rashīd or Qais Abdul Rasheed () is said to be, in post-Islamic lore, the legendary founding father of the Pashtuns. It is believed that the conception of such a figure was promoted to bring harmony between religious and ethnic identities post-Arabic influence over the region. Qais Abdur Rashid is said to have traveled to Mecca and Medina in Arabian Peninsula, Arabia during the early days of Islam and converted. But contrary to this legend, Muslim conquests of Afghanistan, Islam spread through Afghanistan over a period of time. Genealogical tree Some Afghan genealogists list Qais Abdur Rashid as the 37th descendant of the Benjamites, Benjamite king Talut (or Saul, Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy), reigned c. 1050 BC–1010 BC) through Malak Afghana, a legendary grandson of Talut. According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam, the theory of Pashtun descent from Israelites, theory of Pashtun descent from the ancient Israelites is traced to ''Tarikh-i Khan Jahani wa Makhza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandesh
Mandesh is the historical name by which the mountain region of Ghor was called.E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936, Volume 7 By Martijn Theodoor Houtsma Page 161 The region was governed under a Malik Malik (; ; ; variously Romanized ''Mallik'', ''Melik'', ''Malka'', ''Malek'', ''Maleek'', ''Malick'', ''Mallick'', ''Melekh'') is the Semitic term translating to "king", recorded in East Semitic and Arabic, and as mlk in Northwest Semitic d ... named Amir Suri and the population was not yet converted to Islam in the 10th century. Notes References Historical geography of Afghanistan {{Ghor-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suri (name)
Suri (Persian: سوری ) (Sanskrit: सूरी ) is both a surname and a given name dually originating from both Sher Shah Suri, emperor of the Suri Dynasty, and from the Sanskrit (via Pali) word meaning "wise" or "learned". Those of the former represent themselves as descendants of Muhammad Suri, one of the princes of house of the Ghorian. Those of the latter mostly belong to the Suri clan of the Khukhrain tribe of the Khatri people of North India. Notable people with either origin of the name include: ;Given name * Suri Cruise, daughter of actors Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes * Suri Gopalakrishna (born 1943), former cricketer from India * Suri Krishnamma (born 1961), British film and television director * Suri Ratnapala, Australian academic * Suri Sehgal, American philanthropist born in India ;Surname * Amir Suri, king of Ghor region, defeated by Mahmud of Ghazni *Amir Kror Suri (died 771), legendary character of the book ''Pata Khazana'' * Suri Bhagavantam (1909–1989), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarikh-i-Sher Shahi
The ''Tarikh-i-Sher Shahi'' () is a historical work dated 1580 CE which was compiled by Abbas Khan Sarwani, a '' waqia-navis'' under Mughal emperor Akbar, detailing the rule of Sher Shah Suri, founder of the Sur Empire. The work was commissioned by Akbar to provide detailed documentation about Sher Shah's administration - Akbar's father Humayun had been defeated by Sher Shah. Abbas wrote the ''Tarik-i Sher Shahi'' using his own local Indo-Afghan cultural style, not in the style and language of standard Persian. Modern historiography The history of medieval India has benefited greatly from this compilation, thanks to the efforts of K. Qanungo, H. Haig, A. Rahim and I. Siddiqui. Abbas Khan Sarwani selected Tuhfah-i-Akbar Shahi as the title of his book and it was an elaborate history of the Lodi and Sur sultans. On the other hand, Tarikh-i-Sher Shahi was actually the first chapter of the book, only this part of the work is found at present. The writer of the Tarikh-i-Sher Sha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Packard Humanities Institute
The Packard Humanities Institute (PHI) is a non-profit foundation, established in 1987, and located in Los Altos, California, which funds projects in a wide range of conservation concerns in the fields of archaeology, music, film preservation, and historic conservation, plus Greek epigraphy, with an aim to create tools for basic research in the Humanities. History Over the years, it has created databases on Latin literature, Bible texts, texts in Arabic and Coptic, Ancient Greek papyri and inscriptions, Founding Fathers of the United States: Benjamin Franklin and others, and also Persian literature in translation. It also funds external projects such as the Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources and the complete works of C.P.E. Bach. PHI is also concerned with early education of children. The institute is independent of the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and is not associated in any way with any Hewlett-Packard Company foundations. Its current president is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punjab Region
Punjab (; ; also romanised as Panjāb or Panj-Āb) is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia. It is located in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of modern-day eastern Pakistan and northwestern India. Pakistan's major cities in Punjab are Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, Sialkot, and Bahawalpur, while India’s are Ludhiana, Amritsar, Chandigarh, Jalandhar, Patiala, Mohali, and Bathinda. Punjab grew out of the settlements along the five rivers, which served as an important route to the Near East as early as the ancient Indus Valley civilization, dating back to , followed by migrations of the Indo-Aryan peoples. Agriculture has been the chief economic feature of the Punjab and formed the foundation of Punjabi culture. The Punjab emerged as an important agricultural region, especially following the Green Revolution during the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s, and has been described as the " bread ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gomal River
The Gomal (, ) is a river in Afghanistan and Pakistan. It rises in northern Afghanistan's Paktika Province and joins the Indus River 20 miles south of Dera Ismail Khan, in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Gomal University in Dera Ismail Khan and Gomal District in Afghanistan's Paktika province are named after the river. Etymology The name ''Gomal'' is thought to have derived from the river ''Gomati'', which is mentioned in the ''Rigveda''. Course Gomal River's headwaters are located in the northern part of Paktika Province, southeast of the city of Ghazni. The springs which form the headwaters of the Gomal's main branch emerge above the fort at Babakarkol in Katawaz, a district in Paktika inhabited by Ghilji Pashtuns from the Kharoti and Sulaimankhel clans. The Gomal's other branch, the "Second Gomal", joins the main channel about 14 miles below its source. The Gomal flows southeast through the eastern Ghilji country before entering Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.MacGr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
