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Sundar Singh Majithia
Sardar Bahadur Sir Sundar Singh Majithia (17 February 1872 – 2 April 1941) was a Punjabi landowner and politician. Biography He was born to an aristocratic Sher-Gill Jat Sikh family, the son of Raja Surat Singh of Majitha. He was educated at Aitchison College, and Government College, in Lahore. One of the largest landowners in the Punjab, he was also honorary secretary of the Chief Khalsa Diwan, the representative body of the Sikh community in British India, from its formation in 1902 until 1920. He was a supporter of British rule in India, opposed to the activities of the Ghadar Party and served on various bodies appointed by the Viceroy. He was appointed Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in the 1920 New Year Honours and was knighted in 1926. He served as Revenue Member at the first and second legislative councils of the Punjab Legislative Assembly in 1921 and 1926. Following the Unionist victory in the 1937 Indian provincial elections, Sir Sikandar H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Companion Of The Order Of The Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes: #Knight Grand Commander ( GCIE) #Knight Commander ( KCIE) #Companion ( CIE) No appointments have been made since 1947, the year that British India gained independence as the Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010. The motto of the Order is ''Imperatricis auspiciis'', (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India. History The British founded the Order in 1878 to reward British and native officials who served in British India. The Order originally had only one class (Companion), but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majithia Sirdars
The Majithia Sirdars (or Sardars), are a family of Sher-Gill Jat ''sardars'' (chiefs) that originate from the region of Majitha in the Punjab. The family is divided into three principle branches, the Dayal Singh branch, Surat Singh branch, and Mahtab Singh branch. Dayal Singh and Matab Singh were fifth cousins, whilst Surat Singh was considerably more distantly related to them. One had to go back fourteen generations from their generation to find a common relation between Surat Singh and the other two branches. An early ancestor of the family was Madho, a Jat of the Gill clan, which the Sher-Gill clan is a derivative of. He founded the village of Madho-Jetha, later known as Majitha. Lepel H. Griffin in his work, ''Panjab Chiefs'' (1865), states that the Majithia family is the progeny of a certain Rana Dhar, who was the son of Sher-Gil (founder of the clan). Notable Members Dayal Singh branch * Lehna Singh (d. 1854) * Ranjodh Singh (d. 1872) * Dyal Singh (1848–1898) Sur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amrita Sher-Gil
Amrita Sher-Gil (30 January 1913 – 5 December 1941) was a Hungarian-Indian painter. She has been called "one of the greatest avant-garde women artists of the early 20th century" and a pioneer in modern Indian art. Drawn to painting from an early age, Sher-Gil started formal lessons at the age of eight. She first gained recognition at the age of 19, for her oil painting ''Young Girls'' (1932) (shown below). Sher-Gil depicted everyday life of the people in her paintings. Sher-Gil traveled throughout her life to various countries including Turkey, France, and India, deriving heavily from precolonial Indian art styles as well as contemporary culture. Sher-Gil is considered an important painter of 20th-century India, whose legacy stands on a level with that of the pioneers from the Bengali Renaissance, Bengal Renaissance. She was also an avid reader and a pianist. Sher-Gil's paintings are among the most expensive by Indian women painters today, although few acknowledged her work wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bikram Singh Majithia
Bikram Singh Majithia (born 1 March 1975) is an Indian politician and a former cabinet minister in the Punjab Government. He won 2007 Punjab Vidhan Sabha elections from the Majitha constituency, and again won in 2012 and 2017. He belongs to Shiromani Akali Dal and is president of its Youth Wing, Youth Akali Dal. Background and family Majithia was born on 1 March 1975 to former Deputy Defence Minister Satyajit Singh Majithia and Sukhmanjus Kaur Majithia in Delhi. He was educated at the Lawrence School Sanawar. His grandfather Sardar Surjit Singh Majithia was a Wing Commander in the Indian Air Force and his great-grandfather Sir Sundar Singh Majithia was Revenue Minister in the Punjab government. He is the younger brother of Bathinda MP, Harsimrat Kaur Badal and brother-in-law of former Deputy Chief Minister of Punjab, Sukhbir Singh Badal. Bikram married Ganieve Kaur in November 2009 and they have two sons. Political career He first won the Punjab Vidhan Sabha elections f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Surjit Singh Majithia
Surjit Singh Majithia (1912-1995) was an Indian politician, diplomat and air force officer. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from the Tarn Taran constituency of Punjab as a member of the Indian National Congress. Biography Majithia was born into the prominent Sher-Gill Jatt Sikh landholding Majithia family. His father was Sundar Singh Majithia who served in the Punjab government. Majithia was commissioned a pilot officer in the flying branch of the Indian Air Force Volunteer Reserve on 8 November 1939, two months after the start of the Second World War. He rose to command a fighter squadron until he left the Air Force in 1944 to pursue a political career. From 1945 to 1947, he was member of Central Legislative Assembly, served on the Defence Consultative Committee and was principal of Khalsa College, Amritsar. After independence in 1947, he was promoted to honorary wing commander in the (Royal) Indian Air Force and appointed amba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on 13 April 1919. A large peaceful crowd had gathered at the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, Punjab, to protest against the Rowlatt Act and arrest of pro-independence activists Saifuddin Kitchlew and Satyapal. In response to the public gathering, the temporary Brigadier general, R. E. H. Dyer, surrounded the protesters with his Gurkha, Baloch, Rajput and Sikh from 2-9th Gurkhas, the 54th Sikhs and the 59th Scinde Rifles of British Indian Army. The Jallianwala Bagh could only be exited on one side, as its other three sides were enclosed by buildings. After blocking the exit with his troops, he ordered them to shoot at the crowd, continuing to fire even as the protestors tried to flee. The troops kept on firing until their ammunition was exhausted. Estimates of those killed vary between 379 and 1500+ people and over 1,200 other people were injured of whom 192 were seriously injured. Responses polarised bo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reginald Dyer
Colonel Reginald Edward Harry Dyer, CB (9 October 1864 – 23 July 1927) was an officer of the Bengal Army and later the newly constituted British Indian Army. His military career began serving briefly in the regular British Army before transferring to serve with the Presidency armies of India. As a temporary brigadier-general, he was responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre that took place on 13 April 1919 in Amritsar (in the province of Punjab). He has been called "the Butcher of Amritsar", because of his order to fire on a peaceful crowd. The official report stated that this resulted in the killing of at least 379 people and the injuring of over a thousand more. Some submissions to the official inquiry suggested a higher number of deaths. Subsequently, Dyer was removed from duty and widely condemned both in Britain and India, but he became a celebrated hero among some with connections to the British Raj. Some historians argue the episode was a decisive step towards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singh Sabha Movement
The Singh Sabha Movement was a Sikh movement that began in Punjab in the 1870s in reaction to the proselytising activities of Christians, Hindu reform movements (Brahmo Samajis, Arya Samaj) and Muslims (Aligarh movement and Ahmadiyah). The movement was founded in an era when the Sikh Empire had been dissolved and annexed by the British, the Khalsa had lost its prestige, and mainstream Sikhs were rapidly converting to other religions. The movement's aims were to "propagate the true Sikh religion and restore Sikhism to its pristine glory; to write and distribute historical and religious books of Sikhs; and to propagate Gurmukhi Punjabi through magazines and media." The movement sought to reform Sikhism and bring back into the Sikh fold the apostates who had converted to other religions; as well as to interest the influential British officials in furthering the Sikh community. At the time of its founding, the Singh Sabha policy was to avoid criticism of other religions and politica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sikandar Hayat Khan
''Khan Bahadur'' Captain Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, (5 June 1892 – 26 December 1942), also written Sikandar Hyat-Khan or Sikandar Hyat Khan, was an Indian politician and statesman from the Punjab (British India), Punjab who served as the Prime Minister of the Punjab, Premier of the Punjab, among other positions. Early life He was born in Multan, Punjab Province (British India), Punjab, British India. His father was Nawab Muhammad Hayat Khan, a civil servant and close associate of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, and his grandfather was Sardar Karam Khan, who died in battle against the Sikhs in the Second Anglo-Sikh War. He was educated at school in Aligarh and later at Aligarh Muslim University, and was sent to study medicine at King's College London in the United Kingdom but was recalled home by his family circa 1915. During the First World War, he initially worked as a War Recruitment Officer in his native Attock district and later served as one of the first Indian officers to receive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1937 Indian Provincial Elections
Provincial elections were held in British India in the winter of 1936-37 as mandated by the Government of India Act 1935. Elections were held in eleven provinces - Madras, Central Provinces, Bihar, Orissa, United Provinces, Bombay Presidency, Assam, NWFP, Bengal, Punjab and Sindh. The final results of the elections were declared in February 1937. The Indian National Congress emerged in power in eight of the provinces - the exceptions being Punjab and Sindh. The All-India Muslim League failed to form the government in any province. The Congress ministries resigned in October and November 1939, in protest against Viceroy Lord Linlithgow's action of declaring India to be a belligerent in the Second World War without consulting the Indian people. Electorate The Government of India Act 1935/ Legislative council 1935 increased the number of enfranchised people. Approximately 30 million people, among them some women, gained voting rights. This number constituted one-sixth of Indian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unionist Party (Punjab)
The National Unionist Party was a political party based in the Punjab Province during the period of British rule in India. The Unionist Party mainly represented the interests of the landed gentry and landlords of Punjab, which included Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs. The Unionists dominated the political scene in Punjab from World War I to the independence of India and Pakistan (and the partition of the province) in 1947. The party's leaders served as Prime Minister of the Punjab. The creed of the Unionist Party emphasized: "Dominion Status and a United Democratic federal constitution for India as a whole". Organisation The Unionist Party, a secular party, was formed to represent the interests of Punjab's large feudal classes and gentry. Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, Sir Fazli Husain, Sir Shahab-ud-Din, Muhammad Hussain Shah and Sir Chhotu Ram were all members of the party. Although a majority of Unionists were Muslims, a large number of Hindus and Sikhs also supported and particip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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