|
Sulfurospirillum
''Sulfurospirillum'' (Help:IPA/English, /ˌsʌlfɜːroʊspɪˈrɪlʌm/ Help:Pronunciation respelling key, ''SULF-ur-oh-spə-RIHL-um'') is a genus of the Gram-negative bacteria, gram-negative, Aerotolerant anaerobe, aerotolerant, rod-shaped bacteria in the family Campylobacterales, Campylobactaeraceae. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Unassigned ''Sulfurospirillum'' species: * "''S. carboxydovorans''" Jensen & Finster 2005 * "''S. tacomaensis''" Pietari 2002 Details Many species are Microaerophile, microaerophillic, and are thus found in soil, groundwater, the deep sea, marine surface sediments, Osedax, tube worm guts, and polluted environments. Many species can grow on toxic compounds such as arsenate and selenate, and in fact flourish in contaminated sites. The ''Sulfurospirillum'' genus contains the only species on the planet tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulfurospirillum Arsenophilum
''Sulfurospirillum arsenophilum'' is a bacterium. It is notable for metabolising arsenic, hence its name. References Further reading *Afkar, E., 2012. Localization of the dissimilatory arsenate reductase in Sulfurospirillum Barnesi strain SeS-3. Am. J. Agric. Biol. Sci., 7: 97–105. *Whitman, William B., et al., eds. Bergey's manual® of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 5. Springer, 2012. External links *LPSN Campylobacterota Bacteria described in 1999 {{Campylobacterota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulfurospirillum Barnesii
''Sulfurospirillum barnesii'' is a bacterium. References Further reading *Afkar, E., 2012. Localization of the dissimilatory arsenate reductase in Sulfurospirillum Barnesi strain SeS-3. Am. J. Agric. Biol. Sci., 7: 97–105. *Whitman, William B., et al., eds. Bergey's manual® of systematic bacteriology. Vol. 5. Springer, 2012. External links *LPSN Campylobacterota {{Campylobacterota-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campylobacterales
The Campylobacterales are an order of Campylobacterota which make up the epsilon subdivision, together with the small family Nautiliaceae. They are Gram-negative. Most of the species are microaerophilic.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria. New York, New York: Springer. . Molecular signatures Comparative genomic analysis has led to the identification of 49 proteins which are uniquely found in virtually all species of the order Campylobacterales. Additionally, two conserved signature indels have been identified which, along with the proteins, serve as molecular markers for the order. The indels are a three-amino-acid insertion in the B protein of the Uvr ABC system, and a two-amino-acid deletion in phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase.Gupta, R. S. (2006). Molecular signatures (unique proteins and conse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campylobacteraceae
The Campylobacterales are an order of Campylobacterota which make up the epsilon subdivision, together with the small family Nautiliaceae. They are Gram-negative. Most of the species are microaerophilic.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria. New York, New York: Springer. . Molecular signatures Comparative genomic analysis has led to the identification of 49 proteins which are uniquely found in virtually all species of the order Campylobacterales. Additionally, two conserved signature indels have been identified which, along with the proteins, serve as molecular markers for the order. The indels are a three-amino-acid insertion in the B protein of the Uvr ABC system, and a two-amino-acid deletion in phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase.Gupta, R. S. (2006). Molecular signatures (unique proteins and conserved ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria Genera
This article lists the genera of the bacteria Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micr .... The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). However many taxonomic names are taken from the GTDB release 08-RS214 (28 April 2023). Phyla List Notes: List of clades needed to be added: * Actinomycetota > Actinomycetia > Actinobacteridae * Bacteroidota > Bacteroidia * Cyanobacteriota > Cyanobacteria * Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria s.s.) > " Caulobacteria", " Pseudomonadia" See also * Branching order of bacterial phyla (Woese, 1987) * Branching order of bacterial phyla (Gupta, 2001) * Branching order of bacterial phyla (Cavalier-Smith, 2002) * B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osedax
''Osedax'' is a genus of deep-sea siboglinid polychaetes, commonly called boneworms, zombie worms, or bone-eating worms. ''Osedax'' is Latin for "bone-eater". The name alludes to how the worms bore into the bones of whale carcasses to reach enclosed lipids, on which they rely for sustenance. They utilize specialized root tissues for bone-boring. It is possible that multiple species of ''Osedax'' reside in the same bone. ''Osedax'' worms are also known to feed on the collagen itself by making holes in the whale's skeletal structure. These holes can also serve as a form of protection from nearby predators. Scientists from the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute using the submarine ROV ''Tiburon'' first discovered the genus in Monterey Bay, California, in February 2002. The worms were found living on the bones of a decaying gray whale in the Monterey Canyon, at a depth of . Anatomy and physiology ''Osedax'' are colorful tubeworms that have no mouth, anus, or gut. The body ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genome Taxonomy Database
The Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) is an online database that maintains information on a proposed nomenclature of prokaryotes, following a phylogenomic approach based on a set of conserved single-copy proteins. In addition to resolving paraphyletic groups, this method also reassigns taxonomic ranks algorithmically, updating names in both cases. Information for archaea was added in 2020, along with a species classification based on average nucleotide identity. Each update incorporates new genomes as well as automated and manual curation of the taxonomy. An open-source tool called GTDB-Tk is available to classify draft genomes into the GTDB hierarchy. The GTDB system, via GTDB-Tk, has been used to catalogue not-yet-named bacteria in the human gut microbiome and other metagenomic sources. The GTDB is incorporated into the '' Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria'' in 2019 as its phylogenomic resource. Methodology The genomes used to construct the phyloge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Bacterial Orders
This article lists the orders of the Bacteria. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA-based LTP release 132 by The All-Species Living Tree Project. Phylogeny National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy was initially used to decorate the genome tree via tax2tree. The 16S rRNA-based Greengenes taxonomy is used to supplement the taxonomy particularly in regions of the tree with no cultured representatives. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is used as the primary taxonomic authority for establishing naming priorities. Taxonomic ranks are normalised using phylorank and the taxonomy manually curated to remove polyphyletic groups. Cladogram was taken from GTDB release 09-RS220 (24 April 2024). Kingdom Bacillati Phylum Chloroflexota * Class "Bathosphaeria" Mehrshad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Organohalides
Halocarbon compounds are chemical compounds in which one or more carbon atoms are linked by covalent bonds with one or more halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine – ) resulting in the formation of organofluorine compounds, organochlorine compounds, organobromine compounds, and organoiodine compounds. Chlorine halocarbons are the most common and are called organochlorides. Many synthetic organic compounds such as plastic polymers, and a few natural ones, contain halogen atoms; they are known as ''halogenated'' compounds or ''organohalogens''. Organochlorides are the most common industrially used organohalides, although the other organohalides are used commonly in organic synthesis. Except for extremely rare cases, organohalides are not produced biologically, but many pharmaceuticals are organohalides. Notably, many pharmaceuticals such as Fluoxetine, Prozac have trifluoromethyl groups. For information on inorganic halide chemistry, see halide. Chemical familie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selenate
The selenate ion is . Selenates are analogous to sulfates and have similar chemistry. They are highly soluble in aqueous solutions at ambient temperatures. Unlike sulfate, selenate is a somewhat good oxidizer; it can be reduced to selenite or selenium. In strongly acidic conditions, the hydrogen selenate ion, , is formed. It corresponds to the selenic acid, H2SeO4, which is a strong acid and can in its concentrated form dissolve gold. The element selenium exhibits several valence states. Selenate is the least reduced, followed by selenite, and elemental selenium; selenide is even more reduced than elemental selenium. The valence state is an important factor to the toxicity of selenium. Selenate is the form required by organisms that need selenium as a micronutrient. These organisms have the ability to acquire, metabolize and excrete selenium. The level at which selenium becomes toxic varies from species to species and is related to other environmental factors like pH ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arsenate
The arsenate is an ion with the chemical formula . Bonding in arsenate consists of a central arsenic atom, with oxidation state +5, double bonded to one oxygen atom and single bonded to a further three oxygen atoms. The four oxygen atoms orient around the arsenic atom in a tetrahedral geometry. Resonance disperses the ion's −3 charge across all four oxygen atoms. Arsenate readily reacts with metals to form arsenate metal compounds. Arsenate is a moderate oxidizer and an electron acceptor, with an electrode potential of +0.56 V for its reduction to arsenite. Due to arsenic having the same valency and similar atomic radius to phosphorus, arsenate shares similar geometry and reactivity with phosphate. Arsenate can replace phosphate in biochemical reactions and is toxic to most organisms. Natural occurrence Arsenates occur naturally, in hydrated and anhydrous form, in a variety of minerals. Examples of arsenate-containing minerals include adamite, alarsite, annaber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
