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Sudan People's Liberation Movement
The Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM; , ''Al-Ḥarakat ash-Shaʿbiyyat liTaḥrīr as-Sūdān'') is a political party in South Sudan. It was initially founded as the political wing of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA; a key belligerent of the Second Sudanese Civil War) in 1983. On January 9, 2005 the SPLA, the SPLM and the Government of Sudan signed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, ending the civil war. SPLM then obtained representation in the Government of Sudan, and was the main constituent of the Government of the then semi-autonomous Southern Sudan. When South Sudan became a sovereign state on 9 July 2011, SPLM became the ruling party of the new republic. SPLM branches in Sudan separated themselves from SPLM, forming the Sudan People's Liberation Movement–North. Further factionalism appeared as a result of the 2013–2014 South Sudanese Civil War, with President Salva Kiir leading the SPLM-Juba and former Vice President Riek Machar leading the Sudan P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudan People's Liberation Movement-in-Opposition
The Sudan People's Liberation Movement-in-Opposition (Abbreviation, abbreviated SPLM-IO), also known as the anti-governmental forces (AGF), is a mainly South Sudanese political party and rebel group that split from the Sudan People's Liberation Movement in 2013, due to political tensions between President Salva Kiir Mayardit, Salva Kiir and Vice President Riek Machar over leadership of the SPLM. Tensions grew between forces loyal to Kiir and Machar and South Sudan plunged into the South Sudanese Civil War. The party and militia are led by Riek Machar. Machar appointed General Simon Gatwech Dual as Army Chief of General Staff, deputized by the Deputy Chief of General Staffs for operations, training, political and moral orientation, logistics, administration and finance. In June 2021, Machar removed General Gatwech Dual from the position and appointed him into the Presidency as an adviser. Gatwech however, rejected the new role, rejected Machar's leadership of the SPLM/A-IO, and d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Sudan
South Sudan (), officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered on the north by Sudan; on the east by Ethiopia; on the south by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Kenya; and on the west by the Central African Republic. South Sudan's diverse landscape includes vast plains and plateaus, dry and tropical savannahs, inland floodplains, and forested mountains. The Nile, Nile River system is the defining physical feature of the country, running south to north across its center, which is dominated by a large swamp known as the Sudd. South Sudan has a population of just over 12.7 million in 2024. Juba is the Capital city, capital and largest city. Sudan was occupied by History of Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty, Egypt under the Muhammad Ali dynasty and governed as an Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian condominium until Sudanese independence in 1956. Following the First Sudanese Civil War, the Southern Sudan Autonomous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Sudan Autonomous Region (2005–2011)
Southern Sudan ( ''Ḥukūmat Janūb as-Sūdān;'' Dinka: Lɔ̈k Bïkrotmac Paguot Thudän) was an autonomous region consisting of the ten southern states of Sudan between its formation in July 2005 and independence as the Republic of South Sudan in July 2011. The autonomous government was initially established in Rumbek and later moved to Juba. It was bordered by Ethiopia to the east; Kenya, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the south; and the Central African Republic to the west. To the north lies the predominantly Arab and Muslim region directly under the control of the central government. The region's autonomous status was a condition of a peace agreement between the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) and the Government of Sudan represented by the National Congress Party ending the Second Sudanese Civil War. The conflict was Africa's longest running civil war. History Egypt, under the rule of Khedive Isma'il Pasha, first attempted to colo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of South Sudan
The politics of South Sudan concern the system of government in the Republic of South Sudan, a country in East Africa, and the people, organizations, and events involved in it. As a region, the Republic of South Sudan gained autonomy in 2005 with former rebel leader Dr. John Garang becoming the President of New Sudan and the Vice President of Sudan. Garang's death in 2005 led Salva Kiir Mayardit taking over as President and Riek Machar as the Vice President. Full independence from the Republic of Sudan was gained, following a referendum in 2011. Eruption of the Civil War When Kiir sacked his entire cabinet in 2013, Riek Machar accused him of stepping towards a dictatorship and challenged him for Presidency, triggering a civil war. In September 2018, a Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (A-RCSS) was signed, resulting to formation of the Revitalized Transitional Government of National Unity (R-TGoNU) initially for 24 month ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comprehensive Peace Agreement
The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA, ), also known as the Naivasha Agreement, was an accord signed on 9 January 2005, by the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and the Government of Sudan. The CPA was meant to end the Second Sudanese Civil War, develop democratic governance countrywide, and share oil revenues. It also set a timetable for a Southern Sudanese independence referendum. The peace process was encouraged by the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), in addition to a "troika" of donor countries comprising the United States, United Kingdom, and Norway. Components The process resulted in the following agreements (also referred to as protocols): * The Machakos Protocol (or Chapter I), signed in Machakos, Kenya on 20 July 2002. Agreement on broad principles of government and governance. * The Protocol on Power Sharing (or Chapter II), signed in Naivasha, Kenya on 26 May 2004 * The Agreement on Wealth Sharing (or Chapter III), signed in Na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Sudan
The Government of Sudan is the Federalism, federal provisional government created by the Constitution of Sudan having executive, parliamentary, and the judicial branches. Previously, a President of Sudan, ''president'' was head of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief of the Sudanese Armed Forces in a ''de jure'' multi-party system. Legislative power was officially vested in both the government and in the two houses – the National Assembly of Sudan, National Assembly (lower) and the Council of States (Sudan), Council of States (upper) – of the bicameral National Legislature of Sudan, National Legislature. The judiciary is independent and obtained by the Constitutional Court. However, following the Second Sudanese Civil War and the still ongoing War in Darfur, genocide in Darfur, Sudan was widely recognized as a Totalitarianism, totalitarian state where all effective political power was held by President Omar al-Bashir and his National Congress (Sudan), National Con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Sudanese Civil War
The Second Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1983 to 2005 between the central Sudanese government and the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement, Sudan People's Liberation Army. It was largely a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. Although it originated in southern Sudan, the civil war spread to the Nuba mountains and the Blue Nile. It lasted for almost 22 years and is one of the longest civil wars on record. The war resulted in the independence of South Sudan 6 years after the war ended. Roughly two million people died as a result of war, famine and disease caused by the conflict. Four million people in southern Sudan were Refugees, displaced at least once, normally repeatedly during the war. The civilian death toll is one of the highest of any war since World War II and was marked by numerous Human rights, human rights violations, including Slavery in Sudan, slavery and mass killings. Background and causes Wars in Sudan are often characteriz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudan People's Liberation Army
The South Sudan People's Defence Forces (SSPDF), formerly the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA), is the military force of South Sudan. The SPLA was founded as a guerrilla movement against the government of Sudan in 1983 and was a key participant of the Second Sudanese Civil War and the subsequent independence of South Sudan. It was led by John Garang, who died in 2005 and was succeeded by Salva Kiir. As of 2010, the SPLA was divided into divisions of 10,000–14,000 soldiers. Following the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005, the last remaining large and well-equipped militia, the South Sudan Defence Forces (SSDF), under General Paulino Matiep, signed an agreement with Kiir known as the Juba Declaration, which amalgamated the two forces under the SPLA banner. Following South Sudan's independence in 2011, Kiir became President and the SPLA became the new republic's regular army. In May 2017 there was a restructure and the SPLA took on the name of South Sudan Defenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of States (South Sudan)
The Transitional Council of States is the upper house of the National Legislature of South Sudan. It was established in 2011 by the interim constitution of South Sudan South Sudan (), officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered on the north by Sudan; on the east by Ethiopia; on the south by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Kenya; and on the ... 2011. Role The Council of States exercises the following functions: *initiating legislation on the decentralized system of government and other issues of interest to the states and passing such legislation with two-thirds majority of all representatives; *issuing resolutions and directives to guide all levels of government; *overseeing national reconstruction, development and equitable service delivery in the states; *monitoring the repatriation, relief, resettlement, rehabilitation, reintegration of returnees and internally displaced persons, and reconstruction of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Legislative Assembly (South Sudan)
The Reconstituted Transitional National Legislative Assembly is the lower house of the Transitional National Legislature of South Sudan. Role The Transitional National Legislative Assembly exercises the following functions: *overseeing the performance of the National Government institutions; *approving plans, programmes and policies of the National Government; *approving budgets; *ratifying international treaties, conventions and agreements; *adopting resolutions on matters of public concern; *summoning Ministers to answer questions of members of the Assembly on matters related to their ministries; *interrogating Ministers about their performance or the performance of their ministries; *approving appointments as required by the Transitional Constitution or the law; *casting a vote of no confidence against the Vice President and any Minister; *enacting legislation to regulate the conditions and terms of service of the Judiciary and its oversight mechanisms; and *performing any ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SPLM Youth League
The SPLM Youth League (abbreviated SPLM-YL) is a youth organization in South Sudan, the youth wing of the ruling Sudan People's Liberation Movement The Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM; , ''Al-Ḥarakat ash-Shaʿbiyyat liTaḥrīr as-Sūdān'') is a political party in South Sudan. It was initially founded as the political wing of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA; a key belli .... The SPLM-YL was confirmed as a functional body in 1990 in Kenya. The chairperson of the SPLM-YL was Akol Paul Kordit and as of 2017, Emmanuel Lubari Joseph become the second chairperson of SPLM-YL. following the current chairperson Cde Daniel Ali. References {{SouthSudan-stub Youth wings of political parties in South Sudan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Garang
John Garang De Mabior (June 23, 1945 – July 30, 2005) was a Sudanese politician and revolutionary leader. From 1983 to 2005, he led the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M, Now known as South Sudan People's Defense Forces) as a commander in chief during the Second Sudanese Civil War. He served as First Vice President of Sudan for three weeks, from the comprehensive peace agreement of 2005 until his death in a helicopter crash on July 30, 2005. A developmental economist by profession, Garang was one of the major influences on the movement that led to the foundation of South Sudan’s independence from the rule of Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir. Early life and education John Garang was born on 23 June 1945 into a poor family in Wangulei village, Twic East County, in the Upper Nile region of Sudan. A member of the Dinka ethnic group and an orphan by the age of ten, he had his fees for school paid by a relative, going to schools in Wau and then Rumbek. In 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
