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Subcode
Subcode or subchannel data (called ''control bytes'' in the CD-ROM specification) is data contained in a compact disc (CD) in addition to digital audio or user data, which is used for control and playback of the CD. The original specification was defined in the Red Book standard for Compact Disc Digital Audio, though further specifications have extended their use (including the CD-ROM, CD Text and CD+G specifications). Structure Subchannel data is multiplexed with the digital audio or user digital data. The data in a CD are arranged in frames. A frame comprises 33 bytes, of which 24 bytes are audio or user data, eight bytes are error correction (CIRC-generated), and one byte is for subcode. Frames are arranged in sectors, which contain 98 frames each. The subcode bytes of the first two frames of a sector are used as two synchronization words. The subcode bytes of the remaining 96 frames of a sector are split into eight 96-bit long subcode channels (also called subchannels or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Book (audio CD Standard)
Compact Disc Digital Audio (CDDA or CD-DA), also known as Digital Audio Compact Disc or simply as Audio CD, is the standard format for audio compact discs. The standard is defined in the '' Red Book'' technical specifications, which is why the format is also dubbed ''"Redbook audio"'' in some contexts. CDDA utilizes pulse-code modulation (PCM) and uses a 44,100 Hz sampling frequency and 16-bit resolution, and was originally specified to store up to 74 minutes of stereo audio per disc. The first commercially available audio CD player, the Sony CDP-101, was released in October 1982 in Japan. The format gained worldwide acceptance in 1983–84, selling more than a million CD players in its first two years, to play 22.5 million discs, before overtaking records and cassette tapes to become the dominant standard for commercial music. Peaking around year 2000, the audio CD contracted over the next decade due to rising popularity and revenue from digital downloading, and duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Session (CD)
On an optical disc, a track ( CD) or title ( DVD) is a subdivision of its content. Specifically, it is a consecutive set of ''sectors'' (called "timecode frames" on audio tracks) on the disc containing a block of data. One ''session'' may contain one or more tracks of the same or different types. There are several kinds of tracks, and there is also a sub-track index for finding points within a track. Blu-ray discs can also be written in a sequential, session based mode modelled on CD and DVD. A Blu-ray "track" refer to the entire physical storage of a Blu-ray layer; the equivalent to tracks in CD sessions is called a "logical track". Audio tracks Audio tracks are defined in the Red Book specification for CD Digital Audio (which was the first CD specification). One song or movement usually comprises one audio track, containing audio in the form of raw PCM samples in 16 bit/44.1 kHz resolution in 2 channels, and a subcode multiplexed with the audio data. In this mode ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CD Ripper
A CD ripper is software that ripping, extracts raw digital audio in Compact Disc Digital Audio format tracks on a compact disc to standard computer sound files, such as WAV or MP3. A more formal term used for the process of ripping audio CDs is digital audio extraction (DAE). History In the early days of computer CD-ROM drives and audio compression mechanisms (such as MPEG-1 Audio Layer II, MP2), CD ripping was considered undesirable by copyright holders, with some attempting to retrofit copy protection into the ISO 9660 standard. As time progressed, most music publishers became more open to the idea that since individuals had bought the music, they should be able to create a copy for their own personal use on their own computer. Etymology The Jargon File entry for ''rip'' notes that the term originated in Amiga slang, where it referred to the extraction of multimedia content from program data. Design As an intermediate step, some ripping programs save the extracted audio in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CD Player Subcode Out Socket Pin-Out
The compact disc (CD) is a Digital media, digital optical disc data storage format co-developed by Philips and Sony to store and play digital audio recordings. It employs the Compact Disc Digital Audio (CD-DA) standard and was capable of holding of uncompressed stereo audio. First released in Japan in October 1982, the CD was the second optical disc format to reach the market, following the larger LaserDisc (LD). In later years, the technology was adapted for computer data storage as CD-ROM and subsequently expanded into various writable and multimedia formats. , over 200 billion CDs (including audio CDs, CD-ROMs, and CD-Rs) had been sold worldwide. Standard CDs have a diameter of and typically hold up to 74 minutes of audio or approximately of data. This was later regularly extended to 80 minutes or by reducing the spacing between data tracks, with some discs unofficially reaching up to 99 minutes or which falls outside established specifications. Smaller variants, such ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CloneCD Control File
A CloneCD Control File is a text descriptor with the extension .ccd used by CloneCD to store the subcode data of a CD/DVD image. These files need to be combined with an image file (usually with .img extension) to be burned. It may also come with a subchannel file (usually .sub). The .ccd extension can be used directly by first-party disc emulator Virtual CloneDrive. It can also be mounted with third-party virtual drives such as Daemon Tools and Alcohol 120%. The command line Linux application ccd2iso is available to convert ISO9660-compliant CCD/IMG files to an ISO image. The GNU Project's ccd2cue can convert a CCD file to a cue sheet. The CUE/BIN and MDS/MDF formats have a similar structure to the CCD/IMG format, containing both a raw disc image along with a descriptor file. The CloneCD CCD/IMG/SUB format is one of the few formats besides Nero's NRG, BIN/CUE and Alcohol 120%'s MDF/MDS disc image formats to support Mixed Mode CD A mixed mode CD is a compact disc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CloneCD
CloneCD is proprietary optical disc authoring software for ripping music and data CDs and DVDs, capable of making exact, 1:1 copies even of copy protected discs, bypassing several types of digital rights management (DRM). CloneCD can rip discs to create disk image in its own file format, CloneCD Control File (.ccd), which is capable of storing disc subcode data. CloneCD was originally written by Oliver Kastl and offered by Swiss company Elaborate Bytes, but due to changes in European copyright law, they were forced to take it off the market. The last version of CloneCD made by Elaborate Bytes was version 4.2.0.2. The software was subsequently sold by SlySoft, a company located in Antigua and Barbuda, whose legislation does not ban the circumvention of DRM schemes. Since 2016, it is sold by Belize/Latvia based RedFox. As of June 2024 CloneCD is no longer available for purchase and appears to be abandoned. https://www.dvdfab.cn/resource/dvd/clonecd-review-and-alternative#p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CD-ROM
A CD-ROM (, compact disc read-only memory) is a type of read-only memory consisting of a pre-pressed optical compact disc that contains computer data storage, data computers can read, but not write or erase. Some CDs, called enhanced CDs, hold both computer data and audio with the latter capable of being played on a CD player, while data (such as software or digital video) is only usable on a computer (such as ISO 9660 format PC CD-ROMs). During the 1990s and early 2000s, CD-ROMs were popularly used to distribute software and data for computers and fifth generation video game consoles. DVDs as well as downloading started to replace CD-ROMs in these roles starting in the early 2000s, and the use of CD-ROMs for commercial software is now rare. History The earliest theoretical work on optical disc storage was done by independent researchers in the United States including David Paul Gregg (1958) and James Russell (inventor), James Russel (1965–1975). In particular, Gregg's paten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CD+G
CD+G (also known as CD-G, CD+Graphics, and TV-Graphics) is an extension of the compact disc standard that enables the display of low-resolution graphics alongside audio content when played on a compatible device. This functionality is most commonly associated with karaoke systems, which use CD+G discs to display on-screen lyrics synchronized with music playback. The CD+G format was defined by Philips and Sony as an extension of the Red Book specification for audio CDs. The first commercially released CD to utilize the CD+G format was '' Eat or Be Eaten'' by Firesign Theatre in 1985. A related format, CD+EG, offers enhanced graphical capabilities but has seen little adoption in commercial releases. Design The CD+G format takes advantage of the six Compact Disc subcode channels R through W (which are unused in standard Compact Disc Digital Audio), to provide 6 extra bits in CD+G for graphics information per 24 bytes of audio data. When a disc is read at normal speed, these six ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serial Copy Management System
The Serial Copy Management System (SCMS) is a copy protection scheme that was created in response to the digital audio tape (DAT) invention, in order to prevent DAT recorders from making second-generation or serial copies. SCMS sets a "copy" bit in all copies, which prevents anyone from making further copies of those first copies. It does not, however, limit the number of first-generation copies made from a master. SCMS was also included in consumer CD-R, MiniDisc and Digital Compact Cassette (DCC) players and recorders. With the demise of these formats, SCMS is not in widespread use. However, the concept of SCMS was resurrected in the broadcast flag, a measure formerly mandated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to limit the copying of digital TV signals. SCMS flags are also included in the MP3 specifications, though no known decoder or player honors them. Personal Computers were not required to include SCMS in the US. History SCMS was created as a compromise betw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
