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Striped Tiger
''Danaus genutia'', the common tiger, is one of the common butterflies of India. It belongs to the "crows and tigers", that is, the Danainae group of the brush-footed butterflies family. The butterfly is also called striped tiger in India to differentiate it from the equally common plain tiger, ''Danaus chrysippus''.Kunte (2000): 45, pp. 148–149. The species was first described by Pieter Cramer in 1779. Description The butterfly closely resembles the monarch butterfly (''Danaus plexippus'') of the Americas. The wingspan is . Both sexes of the butterfly have tawny wings with veins marked with broad black bands. The male has a pouch on the hindwing.Wynter-Blyth (1957): p. 69. The margins of the wings are black with two rows of white spots. The underside of the wings resembles the upperside but is paler in colouration. The male common tiger has a prominent black-and-white spot on the underside of the hindwing. In drier regions the tawny part of the hindwing pales and approaches wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pieter Cramer
Pieter Cramer (21 May 1721 (baptized) – 28 September 1776) was a wealthy Netherlands, Dutch merchant in linen and Spanish wool, remembered as an entomologist. Cramer was the director of the Zealand Society, a scientific society located in Flushing, Netherlands, Flushing, and a member of ''Concordia et Libertate'', based in Amsterdam. This literary and patriotic society, where Cramer gave lectures on minerals, commissioned and/or financed the publishing of his book ''De uitlandsche Kapellen'', on foreign (exotic) butterflies, occurring in three parts of the world Asia, Africa and America. Cramer assembled an extensive natural history collection that included seashells, petrifications, fossils and insects of all Order (biology), orders. Many were colourful butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera), collected in countries where the Dutch had colonial or trading links, such as Surinam (Dutch colony), Surinam, Ceylon, Sierra Leone and the Dutch East Indies. Cramer decided to get a permane ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adelocaryum
''Adelocaryum'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Its native range is southern Arabian Peninsula and the Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a physiographic region of Asia below the Himalayas which projects into the Indian Ocean between the Bay of Bengal to the east and the Arabian Sea to the west. It is now divided between Bangladesh, India, and Pakista .... Species The following species are accepted: *'' Adelocaryum coelestinum'' *'' Adelocaryum flexuosum'' *'' Adelocaryum lambertianum'' *'' Adelocaryum malabaricum'' *'' Adelocaryum nebulicola'' References Boraginaceae Boraginaceae genera {{Boraginaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mimic
In evolutionary biology, mimicry is an evolved resemblance between an organism and another object, often an organism of another species. Mimicry may evolve between different species, or between individuals of the same species. In the simplest case, as in Batesian mimicry, a mimic resembles a model, so as to deceive a dupe, all three being of different species. A Batesian mimic, such as a hoverfly, is harmless, while its model, such as a wasp, is harmful, and is avoided by the dupe, such as an insect-eating bird. Birds hunt by sight, so the mimicry in that case is visual, but in other cases mimicry may make use of any of the senses. Most types of mimicry, including Batesian, are deceptive, as the mimics are not harmful, but Müllerian mimicry, where different harmful species resemble each other, is honest, as when species of wasps and of bees all have genuinely aposematic warning coloration. More complex types may be bipolar, involving only two species, such as when the mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nerium Oleander
''Nerium oleander'' ( ), commonly known as oleander or rosebay, is a shrub or small tree cultivated worldwide in temperate and subtropical areas as an ornamental and landscaping plant. It is the Monotypic taxon, only species currently classified in the genus ''Nerium'', belonging to subfamily Apocynoideae of the dogbane family Apocynaceae. It is so widely cultivated that no precise region of origin has been identified, though it is usually associated with the Mediterranean Basin. Nerium grows to tall. It is most commonly grown in its natural shrub form, but can be trained into a small tree with a single trunk. It is tolerant to both drought and inundation, but not to prolonged frost. White, pink or red five-lobed flowers grow in clusters year-round, peaking during the summer. The fruit is a long narrow pair of follicles, which splits open at maturity to release numerous downy seeds. Nerium is a poisonous plant but its bitterness renders it unpalatable to humans and most anima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barleria Cristata
''Barleria cristata'', the Philippine violet, bluebell barleria or crested Philippine violet, is a plant species in the family Acanthaceae. Distribution and habitat It is native to a wide area ranging from Southern China to India and Myanmar. Cultivated as an ornamental plant in villages and gardens, it has become naturalized in Hawaii, where it grows in dry habitats. In Fiji, where it is known as ''"tombithi"'' and in Christmas Island (Indian Ocean), the shrub grows also as a ruderal species along roadsides and disturbed areas from near sea level to about 100 m. Description It grows as a shrub 60 –100 cm tall. The leaves are dark green on the upper surface and pale green on the lower surface. They are elliptic to narrowly ovate. The flowers are about 5 cm long, funnel-shaped in violet, pink, or white color. The fruits are about 1.5 cm long ellipsoid capsules. They become glabrous and glossy at maturity. Uses Known as อังกาบ, this plant is used in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bauhinia Purpurea
''Bauhinia purpurea'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to the Indian subcontinent and Myanmar, and widely introduced elsewhere in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Common names include orchid tree, purple bauhinia, camel's foot, butterfly tree, and Hawaiian orchid tree. Description ''Bauhinia purpurea'' is a small to medium-size deciduous tree growing to tall. The leaves are alternate, long and broad, rounded, and bilobed at the base and apex. The flowers are conspicuous, pink, and fragrant, with five petals. The fruit is a pod measuring long, containing 12 to 16 seeds. Chemistry A wide range of chemical compounds have been isolated from ''Bauhinia purpurea'' including 5,6-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone 6-''O''-β-D-xylopyranoside, bis ',4'-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-7,8-furano-5',6'-mono-methylalloxy5-''C''-5-biflavonyl and (4'-hydroxy-7-methyl 3-''C''-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-5-''C''-5-(4'-hydroxy-7-methyl-3-''C''-α-D-glucopyranosyl) bioflavon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crotalaria Juncea
''Crotalaria juncea'', known as brown hemp, Indian hemp, Madras hemp, or Sunn hemp, is a tropical Asian plant of the legume family (Fabaceae). It is generally considered to have originated in India.Heuzé V., Thiollet H., Tran G., Lebas F., 2018. Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea). Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/313 It is now widely grown in the Indian subcontinent and Brazil for its fiber, which makes it especially useful in the manufacturing of twine, rug yarn and fish nets.Perry, ASunn Hemp Shows Promise as Biofuel Source.USDA ARS News. 3 January 2012. This plant is also used as forage for cattle and goats as they have a significant percentage of protein (34.6%). Additionally, according to new research from the Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Sunn hemp is being looked at as a possible bio-fuel. After being put under experimental research the Sunn hemp was found to have produced 82.4 gigajoules of energy per acre, equivale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), sometimes referred to as necine bases, are a group of naturally occurring alkaloids based on the structure of pyrrolizidine. Their use dates back centuries and is intertwined with the discovery, understanding, and eventual recognition of their toxicity on humans and animals. History PAs were first discovered in plants in the 19th century, but their toxic effects were not immediately recognized. Instead, many PA-containing plants were traditionally used for medicinal purposes in various cultures around the world. For example, herbs containing PAs were used in traditional Chinese medicine and by Native American tribes for their purported therapeutic properties. It has been estimated that 3% of the world's flowering plants contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Honey can contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids, as can grains, milk, offal and eggs. To date (2011), there is no international regulation of PAs in food, unlike those for herbs and medicines. In the earl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heliotropium
''Heliotropium'' is a genus of flowering plants traditionally included in the family Boraginaceae ''s.l.'', but placed in the family Heliotropiaceae within the Boraginales order, by the Boraginales Working Group.. There are around 325 species in this almost cosmopolitan genus, which are commonly known as heliotropes. They are highly toxic to dogs and cats, as well as to humans. Etymology The name "heliotrope" derives from the old idea that the inflorescences of these plants turned their rows of flowers to the Sun.Chittenden, Fred J. Ed., Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening, Oxford 1951 Ἥλιος (''helios'') is Greek for "Sun", τρέπειν (''trepein'') means "to turn". The Middle English name "turnsole" has the same meaning. A Classical myth, told in Ovid's ''Metamorphoses'', imagines that the water nymph Clytie, in love with the sun god Helios, was scorned by him. Wasting away, she transformed into the heliotrope, whose flowers supposedly always face t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crotalaria
''Crotalaria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Fabaceae (subfamily Faboideae) commonly known as rattlepods. The genus includes over 700 species of herbaceous plants and shrubs. Africa is the continent with the majority of ''Crotalaria'' species (approximately 400 species), which are mainly found in damp grassland, especially in floodplains, depressions and along edges of swamps and rivers, but also in deciduous bush land, roadsides and fields. Some species of ''Crotalaria'' are grown as ornamentals. The common name rattlepod or rattlebox is derived from the fact that the seeds become loose in the pod as they mature, and rattle when the pod is shaken. The name derives from the Ancient Greek , meaning "castanet", and is the same root as the name for the rattlesnakes (''Crotalus''). ''Crotalaria'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including ''Endoclita sericeus'', ''Etiella zinckenella'' and ''Utetheisa ornatrix'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asclepiadaceae
The Asclepiadoideae are a subfamily of plants in the family Apocynaceae. Formerly, it was treated as a separate family under the name Asclepiadaceae, e.g. by APG II, and known as the milkweed family. They form a group of perennial herbs, twining shrubs, lianas or rarely trees but notably also contain a significant number of leafless stem succulents. The name comes from the type genus '' Asclepias'' (milkweeds). There are 348 genera, with about 2,900 species. They are mainly located in the tropics to subtropics, especially in Africa and South America. The florally-advanced tribe Stapelieae within this family contains several relatively familiar stem succulent genera, such as '' Orbea'', '' Huernia, Stapelia'' and '' Hoodia''. They are remarkable for the complex mechanisms which they have developed for pollination, independently parallel to the unrelated Orchidaceae, such as the grouping of their pollen into pollinia. The "fragrance" (or odor) of the flowers, often called " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zinnia
''Zinnia'' is a genus of plants of the tribe Heliantheae within the family Asteraceae. They are native to scrub and dry grassland in an area stretching from the Southwestern United States to South America, with a centre of diversity in Mexico. Members of the genus are notable for their solitary long-stemmed 12 petal flowers that come in a variety of bright colors. The genus name honors the German scientist Johann Gottfried Zinn (1727–1759). Description Zinnias are annuals, shrubs, and sub-shrubs native primarily to North America, with a few species in South America. Most species have upright stems but some have a lax habit with spreading stems that mound over the surface of the ground. They typically range in height from 10 to 100 cm tall (4" to 40"). The leaves are opposite and usually stalkless (sessile), with a shape ranging from linear to ovate, and a color ranging from pale to medium green. Zinnia's composite flowers consist of ray florets that surround disk flo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
