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Stins In Friesland
A stins (Dutch, pl. ''stinsen''; from West Frisian language, West Frisian ''stienhûs'' [Dutch ''steenhuis''] "stone house", shortened to ''stins'', pl. ''stinzen'') is a former stronghold or villa in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. Many stinsen carry the name "''state''" (related to English 'estate'). A ''stins'' and the surrounding ''state'' used to belong to a permanent group of ''hoofdelingen/heerschapen'', which were prominent, rich land-owning citizens. From the 1300's, these noblemen had their bases of power in the cities or large villages, their families owned a few hundred hectares of fertile farmland divided over several dozen tenanted farms. The noblemen married one another as much as possible, on a material and culturally equal level, in order to prevent the loss of property and honour by inheritance. Around 1498, when the period of ''Frisian Freedom'' drew to a close, the system of "''stins en state''" was superseded by the grietman/grietenij system. From ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Frisia
East Frisia () or East Friesland (; ; ; ) is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisia (peninsula), East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia and to the west of Friesland (district), Landkreis Friesland. Administratively, East Frisia consists of the districts Aurich (district), Aurich, Leer (district), Leer and Wittmund (district), Wittmund and the city of Emden. It has a population of approximately 469,000 people and an area of . There is a chain of islands off the coast, called the East Frisian Islands (). From west to east, these islands are Borkum, Juist, Norderney, Baltrum, Langeoog and Spiekeroog. History The geographical region of East Frisia was inhabited in Paleolithic times by reindeer hunters of the Hamburg culture. Later there were Mesolithic and Neolithic settlements of various cultures. The period after prehistory can only be reconstructed from archaeological evidence. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buildings And Structures In Friesland
A building or edifice is an enclosed structure with a roof, walls and windows, usually standing permanently in one place, such as a house or factory. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for numerous factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the concept, see ''Nonbuilding structure'' for contrast. Buildings serve several societal needs – occupancy, primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical separation of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) from the ''outside'' (a place that may be harsh and harmful at times). buildings have been objects or canvasses of much artistic expression. In recent years, interest in sustainable planning and building practi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stins In Friesland
A stins (Dutch, pl. ''stinsen''; from West Frisian language, West Frisian ''stienhûs'' [Dutch ''steenhuis''] "stone house", shortened to ''stins'', pl. ''stinzen'') is a former stronghold or villa in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. Many stinsen carry the name "''state''" (related to English 'estate'). A ''stins'' and the surrounding ''state'' used to belong to a permanent group of ''hoofdelingen/heerschapen'', which were prominent, rich land-owning citizens. From the 1300's, these noblemen had their bases of power in the cities or large villages, their families owned a few hundred hectares of fertile farmland divided over several dozen tenanted farms. The noblemen married one another as much as possible, on a material and culturally equal level, in order to prevent the loss of property and honour by inheritance. Around 1498, when the period of ''Frisian Freedom'' drew to a close, the system of "''stins en state''" was superseded by the grietman/grietenij system. From ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Castles In The Netherlands
This is a list of castles in the Netherlands per province. Overview of castles in the Netherlands Drenthe See also '' List of havezates in Drenthe'' Flevoland Friesland See '' List of stins in Friesland'' Gelderland Groningen See '' List of borgs in Groningen (province)'' Limburg North Brabant North Holland Overijssel South Holland Utrecht See also '' List of manors in Utrecht'' Zeeland See also * List of castles * List of borgs in Groningen (province) * List of havezates in Drenthe * List of manors in Utrecht * List of stins in Friesland * List of castles and châteaux in Belgium *List of castles in France This is a list of castles in France, arranged by Regions of France, region and Departments of France, department. ;Notes: # The French word ''château'' has a wider meaning than the English ''castle'': it includes architectural entities that are p ... * List of castles in Germany * List of castles in Luxembourg References *Helsdingen, H.W. van, ''Gids ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Stins In Friesland
This is a list of stins in Friesland. {, class="wikitable sortable" , - ! Name ! Municipality ! Constructed ! Demolished ! class="unsortable", Image , - , {{Interlanguage link multi, Abbingastate, fy, 3=Aebingastins , Leeuwarden , Before 1402 , 1859 , , - , Andringastate , Boarnsterhim , 1790 , 1894 , , - , Crackstate , Heerenveen , 1608 , , , - , Dekemastate , Leeuwarderadeel , , , , - , Epema State, Epemastate , Sneek , 1625 , , , - , Fogelsangh State , Kollumerland c.a. , , , , - , Harsta State , Ferwerderadiel , 1511 , , , - , Heremastate , Skarsterlân , 1679 , , , - , Hoytema State , Wûnseradiel , 1503 , 1906 , , , , - , Idemahuis , Westergeest (Kollumerland) , <1467 , ? , , , - , Groot Idema State , Driezum (Dantumadiel) , <1515 , ? , , , - , Jellema State , Oosterend (Littenseradeel), Oosterend , ? , <1844 , , , - , Jongema State , Boarnsterhim , 15th century , 1912 , , - , Liauckama Stat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Groningen (province)
Groningen ( , ; ; ; ) is the northeasternmost provinces of the Netherlands, province of the Netherlands. It borders on Friesland to the west, Drenthe to the south, the Germany, German state of Lower Saxony to the east, and the Wadden Sea to the north. As of January 2023, Groningen had a population of about 596,000, and a total area of . Historically the area was at different times part of Frisia, the Francia, Frankish Empire, the Holy Roman Empire, and the Dutch Republic, the precursor state of the modern Netherlands. In the 14th century, the city of Groningen became a member of the Hanseatic League. The provincial capital and the largest city in the province is the Groningen, city of Groningen (231,299 inhabitants). Since 2016, René Paas has been the King's Commissioner in the province. A coalition of GroenLinks, the Labour Party (Netherlands), Labour Party, ChristianUnion, People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, Democrats 66, and Christian Democratic Appeal forms the exec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borg (castle)
A borg (; Gronings: ''börg'') is a former fortification, stronghold or villa in the province of Groningen (province), Groningen, Netherlands. Borgs used to belong to noblemen or prominent citizens. A comparable building in the neighboring province of Friesland is called a stins. History A borg usually started as a brick building, a 'steenhuis' (literally meaning 'stone house'), built in the 13th or 14th century. A steenhuis was usually 11 meters long and eight meters wide. The walls were thick, often more than one meter in thickness. Most were originally made of wood because stone was expensive, but less flammable. A steenhuis was not used as a house, but offered protection in times of danger. There is one original steenhuis left in Groningen, the Iwema-steenhuis in Niebert. Some steenhuises were enlarged and became more like a castle; this would be considered a borg. A good example of a borg that originated from a steenhuis is the Fraeylemaborg. In the building itself you c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grietenij
A ''grietenij'' was a municipal district, a forerunner to the '' gemeente'' or municipality in Frisia, particularly in Friesland, and also in the city Groningen which are now a part of the Netherlands. After the Saxon occupation, from about 1498 until 1851, there were a total of 30 ''grietenijen'' in Friesland and 11 cities. This system replaced the Frisian nobility system of the Frisian "'' hoofdelingen, stinsen en staten'' "(Frisian noblility, stone strongholds and surrounding estates). A grietenij was an administrative district led by a '' grietman'', who acted as both a judge and an administrator. ''Grietenij'' typically consisted of around 10 to 25 church parishes. The smallest territorial unit in both ecclesiastical and secular jurisdiction during that time was the parish, also known as "''ga''" in Old Frisian. The parish was an integral part of the ''synodal'' district and the secular ''grietenij'', which were in turn part of the ''archdiakonate'' and the ''pagus'' (county) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Frisian Language
West Frisian (; ), or simply Frisian ( ; ), is a West Germanic language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland () in the north of the Netherlands, mostly by those of Frisians, Frisian ancestry. It is the most widely spoken of the Frisian languages. In the study of the evolution of English language, English, West Frisian is notable as being the most closely related foreign tongue to the various dialects of Old English spoken across the Heptarchy, these being part of the Anglo-Frisian languages, Anglo-Frisian branch of the West Germanic family. Name The name "West Frisian" is only used outside the Netherlands, to distinguish this language from the closely related Frisian languages of East Frisian language, East Frisian, including Saterland Frisian language, Saterland Frisian, and North Frisian language, North Frisian spoken in Germany. Within the Netherlands, however, "West Frisian" refers to the West Frisian Dutch, West Frisian dialect of the Dutch language while the We ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grietman
A grietman (from Old Frisian ''greta'' to accuse, to indict) was a judge and administrator of a local district; this role was partly a forerunner of the current rural mayor in the province of Friesland, and partly the forerunner of a judge. East of the Lauwers river these judges were often referred to as 'redjeva' and west of the Lauwers The Lauwers () is a river in the Netherlands. It forms part of the border between the provinces of Friesland and Groningen. From the 730s to Widukind's defeat in 785, it was part of the border of the Frankish Empire. The former Lauwerszee an ... river as 'grietman'. The area of jurisdiction was the rural '' grietenij,'' a judicial district that comprised several church villages (similar to a modern-day municipality or gemeente). In total, the region of Friesland had 30 such rural districts, outside the cities. Each of the 30 grietmannen and 11 city mayors formed the '' Friese Landdag,'' which was founded in 1504 by the Duke of Saxony, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
