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Stigmella Pretiosa
''Stigmella pretiosa'' is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found from Fennoscandia to the Alps, and from Scotland to the Baltic region and Slovakia. The wingspan is 5.5-6.5 mm. There is one generation per year. The larvae feed on ''Geum montanum'', ''Geum rivale'', '' Geum urbanum'', '' Rubus caesius'', ''Rubus fruticosus'', ''Rubus idaeus'' and ''Rubus macrophyllus ''Rubus macrophyllus'' is a European species of bramble in the rose family. It can be found across Europe, from Ireland to Bulgaria. There are reports of the species having become naturalized in the States of Washington and Oregon Oregon ...''. They mine the leaves of their host plant. External linksFauna Europaea Nepticulidae [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moth
Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of which have yet to be described. Most species of moth are nocturnal, but there are also crepuscular and diurnal species. Differences between butterflies and moths While the butterflies form a monophyletic group, the moths, comprising the rest of the Lepidoptera, do not. Many attempts have been made to group the superfamilies of the Lepidoptera into natural groups, most of which fail because one of the two groups is not monophyletic: Microlepidoptera and Macrolepidoptera, Heterocera and Rhopalocera, Jugatae and Frenatae, Monotrysia and Ditrysia.Scoble, MJ 1995. The Lepidoptera: Form, function and diversity. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 404 p. Although the rules for distinguishing moths from butterflies are not well est ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geum Rivale
''Geum rivale'', the water avens, is a flowering plant in the genus ''Geum'' within the family Rosaceae. Other names for the plant are nodding avens, drooping avens, cure-all, water flower and Indian chocolate. It is native to the temperate regions of Europe, Central Asia and parts of North America, where it is known as purple avens. It grows in bogs and damp meadows, and produces nodding red flowers from May to September. Distribution ''Geum rivale'' is widespread in Europe, particularly in the northern and central parts. It is found throughout the British Isles, the Faroes, Iceland, Scandinavia, the Baltic States, and much of Central Europe (up to elevations of 2400m in the Alps and in the Carpathians). It is absent from the Pannonian Basin and western France; on the Italian Peninsula it is found in scattered locations in the northern and central Apennines, while on the Iberian Peninsula it is restricted between 1000 and 2200m in the Cantabrian Mountains, Cantabrians, Pyrenee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mine The Leaves
A leaf miner is any one of numerous species of insects in which the larval stage lives in, and eats, the leaf tissue of plants. The vast majority of leaf-mining insects are moths ( Lepidoptera), sawflies (Symphyta, the mother clade of wasps), and flies ( Diptera). Some beetles also exhibit this behavior. Like woodboring beetles, leaf miners are protected from many predators and plant defenses by feeding within the tissues of the leaves, selectively eating only the layers that have the least amount of cellulose. When attacking ''Quercus robur'' (English oak), they also selectively feed on tissues containing lower levels of tannin, a deterrent chemical produced in great abundance by the tree. The pattern of the feeding tunnel and the layer of the leaf being mined is often diagnostic of the insect responsible, sometimes even to species level. The mine often contains frass, or droppings, and the pattern of frass deposition, mine shape, and host plant identity are useful to dete ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubus Macrophyllus
''Rubus macrophyllus'' is a European species of bramble in the rose family. It can be found across Europe, from Ireland to Bulgaria. There are reports of the species having become naturalized in the States of Washington and Oregon Oregon () is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of its eastern boundary with Idaho. T ... in the northwestern United States. The genetics of ''Rubus'' is extremely complex, so that it is difficult to decide on which groups should be recognized as species. There are many rare species with limited ranges such as this. Further study is suggested to clarify the taxonomy. References External links photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden* macrophyllus Plants described in 1822 Flora of Europe {{Rubus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubus Idaeus
''Rubus idaeus'' (raspberry, also called red raspberry or occasionally European red raspberry to distinguish it from other raspberry species) is a red-fruited species of ''Rubus'' native to Europe and northern Asia and commonly cultivated in other temperate regions. Taxonomy A closely related plant in North America, sometimes regarded as the variety ''Rubus idaeus'' var. ''strigosus'', is more commonly treated as a distinct species, '' Rubus strigosus'' (American red raspberry), as is done here. Red-fruited cultivated raspberries, even in North America, are generally ''Rubus idaeus'' or horticultural derivatives of hybrids of ''R. idaeus'' and ''R. strigosus;'' these plants are all addressed in the present article. Description Plants of ''Rubus idaeus'' are generally perennials, which bear biennial stems ("canes") from a perennial root system. In its first year, a new, unbranched stem (" primocane") grows vigorously to its full height of 1.5–2.5 m (5.0–8.3 feet), bearing la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubus Fruticosus
''Rubus fruticosus'' L. is the ambiguous name of a European blackberry species in the genus '' Rubus'' in the rose family. The name has been interpreted in several ways: *The species represented by the type specimen of ''Rubus fruticosus'' L., which is also the type specimen of the genus ''Rubus''. This specimen is considered to match the species '' R. plicatus'', in ''Rubus'' subgenus ''Rubus'', section ''Rubus''. * Various species consistent with Linnaeus' original description of the species, which was based on a mixture of specimens now considered to match '' Rubus ulmifolius'' and ''R. plicatus'' *a species aggregate (group of similar species) ''Rubus fruticosus'' agg. (a '' nomen ambiguum'') that includes most (or rarely all) of a group called ''Rubus'' subgenus ''Rubus'' (or less often: ''Rubus'' section ''Rubus'' ensu latissimo): ** in a narrow sense, sometimes separated as the section ''Glandulosus'' (alternative name: subsection ''Hiemales''), with about 289 mic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rubus Caesius
''Rubus caesius'' is a Eurasian species of dewberry, known as the European dewberry. Like other dewberries, it is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, related to the blackberry. It is widely distributed across much of Europe and Asia from Ireland and Portugal as far east as Xinjiang Province in western China. It has also become sparingly naturalized in scattered locations in Argentina, Canada, and the United States. Description ''Rubus caesius'' is similar to and often confused with forms of ''Rubus fruticosus''. It is a small shrub growing up to tall with biennial stems which die after fruiting in their second year. It sends out long runners which root at the tip to form new plants. The stems are bluish-grey and sometimes prickly. The alternate leaves are hairy above and below. They are stalked and the leaf blades are palmate in shape, either consisting of three oval leaflets with serrated margins and acute points or just being three-lobed. The inflorescence is a l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geum Urbanum
''Geum urbanum'', also known as wood avens, herb Bennet, colewort and St. Benedict's herb (Latin ''herba benedicta''), is a perennial plant in the rose family (Rosaceae), which grows in shady places (such as woodland edges and near hedgerows) in the temperate regions of Eurasia. Description A downy perennial herb with a short thick rhizome and thin wiry stems, usually reaching a height between 20 and 60 cm, wood avens blooms between May and August. However, the flowers can remain into the autumn and sometimes as late as December.Grieve M. 1931. ''A Modern Herbal''. Available at A Modern Herbal , Avens (botanical.com). (accessed 20/10/2022) The flowers are 1 – 2 cm in diameter, having five bright yellow petals clearly separated from a calyx divided into 5 large and 5 small segments. The hermaphrodite flowers, which are relatively small in relation to the size of the plant, are scented and pollinated by bees. The fruiting head consists of many zigzag-shaped hairy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geum Montanum
''Geum montanum'', the Alpine avens, is a species of flowering plant of the genus ''Geum'' in the Rosaceae family, native to the mountains of central and southern Europe. Distribution ''Geum montanum'' is widespread in the Alps, typically at elevations in the range 1430–2300m (though it occurs at as low as 700m in Centovalli and as high as 3500m in Monte Rosa). It is found in the Pyrenees, the Cantabrians, the Massif Central, the Black Forest, the Sudetes (1300–1400m), throughout the Carpathians (900–2500m in the Tatras), in the north of the Apennines, on the island of Corsica, and on the Balkan Peninsula: in the mountains of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Albania, Kosovo (specifically in Žljeb and Accursed Mountains), northernmost Greece (2000–2500m in Varnous, Kajmakčalan and Tzena), in the east of Serbia (Suva Planina) and the west of Bulgaria (at elevations of 1600–2700m in western and central Stara Planina, Sredna Gora, Vitosha, Osogovo, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nepticulidae
Nepticulidae is a family of very small moths with a worldwide distribution. They are characterised by eyecaps over the eyes (see also Opostegidae, Bucculatricidae, Lyonetiidae). These pigmy moths or midget moths, as they are commonly known, include the smallest of all living moths, with a wingspan that can be as little as 3 mm in the case of the European pigmy sorrel moth, but more usually 3.5–10 mm. The wings of adult moths are narrow and lanceolate, sometimes with metallic markings, and with the venation very simplified compared to most other moths. The minute larvae usually are leaf miners but some species also mine seeds or bark of trees. Much is known about their host plants. The Pectinivalvinae, characterised by a "pectinifer" on the valve of the male genitalia, are endemic to Australia, where they mine the leaves of the tree families Myrtaceae (Scoble, 1983) or Cunoniaceae ( Eucryphiaceae), and Elaeocarpaceae (Hoare, 2000). This Australian group probably cons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingspan of , the official record for a living bird. The term wingspan, more technically extent, is also used for other winged animals such as pterosaurs, bats, insects, etc., and other aircraft such as ornithopters. In humans, the term wingspan also refers to the arm span, which is distance between the length from one end of an individual's arms (measured at the fingertips) to the other when raised parallel to the ground at shoulder height at a 90º angle. Former professional basketball player Manute Bol stood at and owned one of the largest wingspans at . Wingspan of aircraft The wingspan of an aircraft is always measured in a straight line, from wingtip to wingtip, independently of wing shape or sweep. Implications for aircraft design an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovakia
Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the southwest, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's mostly mountainous territory spans about , with a population of over 5.4 million. The capital and largest city is Bratislava, while the second largest city is Košice. The Slavs arrived in the territory of present-day Slovakia in the fifth and sixth centuries. In the seventh century, they played a significant role in the creation of Samo's Empire. In the ninth century, they established the Principality of Nitra, which was later conquered by the Principality of Moravia to establish Great Moravia. In the 10th century, after the dissolution of Great Moravia, the territory was integrated into the Principality of Hungary, which then became the Kingdom of Hungary in 1000. In 124 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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