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Stevardiidae
Stevardiidae is a large family of freshwater fish in the order Characiformes. It includes many genera previously placed in the family Characidae, which was split into multiple families in 2024. They are found throughout South and Central America. In earlier taxonomic treatments, most genera in this family were placed in the characid subfamily Glandulocaudinae, which has been redefined as a much smaller subfamily of the Stevardiidae. As suggested by their former taxonomic name, a gland on their caudal fin is found almost exclusively in the males of many species of this family, which allows the release and pumping of pheromones. Members of this subfamily have complex courtship behaviors which lead to insemination. The ecology and life history of these fish is complex yet little studied. Stevardiids are important components of the diet for commercially-harvested larger fish. Taxonomy The following taxonomy is based on '' Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes'': Family Stevardiidae * S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stevardiinae
Stevardiidae is a large Family (biology), family of freshwater fish in the Order (biology), order Characiformes. It includes many genera previously placed in the family Characidae, which was split into multiple families in 2024. They are found throughout South and Central America. In earlier taxonomic treatments, most genera in this family were placed in the characid subfamily Glandulocaudinae, which has been redefined as a much smaller subfamily of the Stevardiidae. As suggested by their former taxonomic name, a gland on their Fish anatomy, caudal fin is found almost exclusively in the males of many species of this family, which allows the release and pumping of Pheromone, pheromones. Members of this subfamily have complex courtship behaviors which lead to insemination. The ecology and life history of these fish is complex yet little studied. Stevardiids are important components of the diet for commercially-harvested larger fish. Taxonomy The following taxonomy is based on ''E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Characidae
Characidae, the characids, is a family of freshwater subtropical and tropical fish belonging to the order Characiformes. They are found throughout much of Central and South America, including such major waterways as the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers.Nelson (2006) These fish vary in length; many are less than . The name " characins" is a historical one, but scientists today tend to prefer "characids" to reflect their status as a, by and large, monophyletic group (at family rank). This family includes some of the first characiforms to be described to science, such as '' Charax'' and '' Tetragonopterus'', and thus lend their name to the order, as well as to common names such as "characin" and " tetra". Past taxonomic treatments had a much more expansive definition of the family, including numerous South American fish families such as the piranhas and dorados, as well as the African alestids. Following multiple taxonomic revisions, this was eventually restricted to just the Americ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Characiformes
Characiformes is an order of ray-finned fish, comprising the characins and their allies. Grouped in 18 recognized families, more than 2000 different species are described, including the well-known piranha and tetras.; Buckup P.A.: "Relationships of the Characidiinae and phylogeny of characiform fishes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi)", ''Phylogeny and Classification of Neotropical Fishes'', L.R. Malabarba, R.E. Reis, R.P. Vari, Z.M. Lucena, eds. (Porto Alegre: Edipucr) 1998:123-144. Taxonomy The Characiformes form part of a series called the Otophysi within the superorder Ostariophysi. The Otophysi contain three other orders, Cypriniformes, Siluriformes, and Gymnotiformes. The Characiformes form a group known as the Characiphysi with the Siluriformes and Gymnotiformes. The order Characiformes is the sister group to the orders Siluriformes and Gymnotiformes, though this has been debated in light of recent molecular evidence. Originally, the characins were all grouped within a sin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraná River
The Paraná River ( ; ; ) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some ."Parana River". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 26 May. 2012 https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/443063/Parana-River . "Rio de la Plata". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2012. Web. 26 May. 2012 https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/463804/Rio-de-la-Plata Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean. The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot (explorer), Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain. A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low. Etymology In eastern South Amer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Markiana
''Markiana'' is a genus of characins from tropical South America.Thomaz, A.T., Arcila, D., Ortí, G. & Malabarba, L.R. (2015): Molecular phylogeny of the subfamily Stevardiinae Gill, 1858 (Characiformes: Characidae): classification and the evolution of reproductive traits. ''BMC Evolutionary Biology, (2015) 15: 146.'' Species There are currently 2 recognized species in this genus: * '' Markiana geayi'' ( Pellegrin, 1909) * '' Markiana nigripinnis'' (Perugia Perugia ( , ; ; ) is the capital city of Umbria in central Italy, crossed by the River Tiber. The city is located about north of Rome and southeast of Florence. It covers a high hilltop and part of the valleys around the area. It has 162,467 ..., 1891) References Stevardiinae Taxa named by Carl H. Eigenmann Fish of South America {{Characidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eschmeyer's Catalog Of Fishes
Catalog of Fishes is a comprehensive on-line database and reference work on the scientific names of fish species and genera. It is global in its scope and is hosted by the California Academy of Sciences. It has been compiled and is continuously updated by the curator emeritus of the CAS fish collection, William N. Eschmeyer. The taxonomy maintained by the Catalog of Fishes is considered authoritative and it is used as a baseline reference for instance by the broader global fish database FishBase, which involves cross-references to the Catalog's information for all accepted taxa. the searchable catalogue contains entries for about 58,300 fish species names, about 33,400 of which are currently accepted (valid), and for some 10,600 genera (5,100 valid). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eretmobrycon
''Eretmobrycon'' is a genus of characins found in Central and South America. Etymology eretmón (Gr. ἐρετμόν) means oar or paddle, referring to the paddle-like lower caudal-fin lobe of ''E. bayano''; brycon is a generalized term used in generic names of many characiform fishes, derived from brýchō (Gr. βρύχω), to bite, gnash teeth or eat greedily, originally an allusion to a fully toothed maxillae. Species There are currently 13 recognized species in this genus: * '' Eretmobrycon bayano'' W. L. Fink, 1976 * '' Eretmobrycon brevirostris'' ( Günther, 1860) * '' Eretmobrycon ecuadorensis'' ( Román-Valencia, Ruiz-C., Taphorn, Jiménez-Prado & García-Alzate, 2015) * '' Eretmobrycon emperador'' ( C. H. Eigenmann & Ogle, 1907) * '' Eretmobrycon festae'' ( Boulenger, 1898) * '' Eretmobrycon gonzalezi'' ( Román-Valencia, 2002) * '' Eretmobrycon guaytarae'' ( C. H. Eigenmann & Henn, 1914) * '' Eretmobrycon ichoensis'' ( Román-Valencia, 2000) * '' Eretmobrycon mir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landonia
''Landonia latidens'' is a species of characin endemic to Ecuador, where it occurs in the Vinces River. This species is the only species in the genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ... ''Landonia''. References Stevardiini Monotypic fish genera Freshwater fish of Ecuador Endemic fauna of Ecuador Fish described in 1914 {{Characidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iotabrycon
''Iotabrycon praecox'' is a species of characin endemic to Ecuador, where it is found in the Vinces River basin. This species is the only member of the genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ... ''Iotabrycon''. References Xenurobryconini Monotypic fish genera Endemic fauna of Ecuador Freshwater fish of Ecuador Taxa named by Tyson R. Roberts {{Characidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenacobrycon
''Phenacobrycon henni'' is a species of characin endemic to Ecuador, where it is found in the Vinces River basin. It is the only member of the genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ... ''Phenacobryon''. References Stevardiini Monotypic fish genera Freshwater fish of Ecuador Endemic fauna of Ecuador Fish described in 1914 {{Characidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Courtship
Courtship is the period wherein some couples get to know each other prior to a possible marriage or committed romantic, ''de facto'' relationship. Courtship traditionally may begin after a betrothal and may conclude with the celebration of marriage. A courtship may be an informal and private matter between two people or may be a public affair, or a formal arrangement with family approval. Traditionally, in the case of a formal cisnormative heterosexual engagement, it is the role of a male to actively "court" or "woo" a female, thus encouraging her to understand him and her receptiveness to a marriage proposal. Courtship as a social practice is a relatively recent phenomenon, emerging only within the last few centuries. From the standpoint of anthropology and sociology, courtship is linked with other institutions such as marriage and the family which have changed rapidly, having been subject to the effects of advances in technology and medicine. In non-human animals, ''courts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ptychocharax
''Ptychocharax rhyacophila'' is a species of characin endemic to Venezuela, where it is found in the upper Siapa River. This species is the only member of the genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ... ''Ptychocharax''.Thomaz, A.T., Arcila, D., Ortí, G. & Malabarba, L.R. (2015): Molecular phylogeny of the subfamily Stevardiinae Gill, 1858 (Characiformes: Characidae): classification and the evolution of reproductive traits. ''BMC Evolutionary Biology, (2015) 15: 146.'' References Xenurobryconini Monotypic fish genera Fish of South America Fish described in 1994 {{Characidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
