|
State Defense Committee (Poland)
State Defense Committee (; KOK) was a government organization which existed from 1959 in the Polish People's Republic and continued to exist following the demise of the communist system, until 2002 when it was dissolved. History The process of creation of a body which would create and coordinated integrated state defense system in the Polish People's Republic began in the mid-50s Poland in the mid 50s. In a document dated 3 November 1955, a note was written with the handwritten signature of Prime Minister Józef Cyrankiewicz. It contained the first official information about the planned State Defense Committee. For this, a body with political and military competences was needed. The National Defense Committee was established by Resolution No. 66 of the Council of Ministers of February 18, 1959. In times of peace, the committee had the authority to coordinate and supervise the implementation of defense tasks by other state authorities on an ongoing basis, while in state of emergency ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. The territory has a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and a temperate climate. Poland is composed of Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, fifth largest EU country by area, covering . The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Prehistoric human activity on Polish soil dates to the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Gla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish People's Army
The Polish People's Army (, ; LWP) was the second formation of the Polish Armed Forces in the East during the latter stages of the Second World War (1943–1945), and subsequently the armed forces of the Polish communist state (1945–1989), which was formalized in 1952 as the Polish People's Republic. The creation of communist-led Polish armed forces that were outside the command of the Polish government-in-exile was allowed and facilitated by Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, following efforts made in the early 1940s by Soviet-based Polish exiles Wanda Wasilewska and Zygmunt Berling. Initially called the Polish Army in the USSR from 1943 to 1944, it became the Polish Troops and Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland from 1944 to 1952, and thereafter the Armed Forces of the Polish People's Republic. During these restructurings, the Polish military was increasingly integrated into Soviet military and command structures, becoming comparatively more distinct and independent in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political History Of Poland
Politics () is the set of activities that are associated with decision-making, making decisions in social group, groups, or other forms of power (social and political), power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of Social status, status or resources. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. Politics may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and non-violent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but the word often also carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or in a limited way, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Poland
The government of Poland takes the form of a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the president is the head of state and the prime minister is the head of government. Executive power is exercised, within the framework of a multi-party system, by the president and the Government, which consists of the Council of Ministers led by the prime minister. Its members are typically chosen from the majority party or coalition, in the lower house of parliament (the ''Sejm''), although exceptions to this rule are not uncommon. The government is formally announced by the president, and must pass a motion of confidence in the ''Sejm'' within two weeks. Legislative power is vested in the two chambers of parliament, ''Sejm'' and Senate. Members of Sejm are elected by proportional representation, with the proviso that non-ethnic-minority parties must gain at least 5% of the national vote to enter the lower house. Currently five parties are represented. Parliam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1959 Establishments In Poland
Events January * January 1 – Cuba: Fulgencio Batista flees Havana when the forces of Fidel Castro advance. * January 2 – Soviet lunar probe Luna 1 is the first human-made object to attain escape velocity from Earth. It reaches the vicinity of Earth's Moon, where it was intended to crash-land, but instead becomes the first spacecraft to go into heliocentric orbit. * January 3 ** Alaska is admitted as the 49th U.S. state. ** The southernmost island of the Maldives archipelago, Addu Atoll, declares its independence from the Kingdom of the Maldives, initiating the United Suvadive Republic. * January 4 ** In Cuba, rebel troops led by Che Guevara and Camilo Cienfuegos enter the city of Havana. ** Léopoldville riots: At least 49 people are killed during clashes between the police and participants of a meeting of the ABAKO Party in Léopoldville in the Belgian Congo. * January 6 – The International Maritime Organization is inaugurated. * January 7 – The Uni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of Defence
The Defence Council or the Council of Defense of the USSR () was a high military advisory body which aided and assisted the Government of the Soviet Union and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the implementation of military policy by the Soviet Armed Forces. It operated between 1955 and 1991. At the end of its existence, it was known as the Defense Council under the President of the Soviet Union. History Following the October Revolution and the establishment of the Soviet Union, a consecutive number of organizations were created with the purpose of coordinating topics related to national economy, military and arms industry. The first organization was the Council of Workers' and Peasants' Defense, later replaced by the Council of Labor and Defense. At the end of April 1937, its functions were transferred to a State Committee, the Defense Committee of the Soviet Union which was formed on the basis of the Defense Commission of the Council of People's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council Of National Defense (Poland)
The Council of National Defense () was an extraordinary temporary governmental body created by a decree of the Sejm of the Second Polish Republic, of 1 July 1920. Poland was then facing defeat by Bolshevik Red Armies that were approaching Warsaw. The Council was a body that was intended to make decisions more expeditiously than the Sejm. It was fully authorized to take decisions regarding the conduct and conclusion of the war. The Council comprised: *'' Naczelnik Państwa'' (Chief of State) Józef Piłsudski, the Council's chair; *Prime Minister Wincenty Witos, deputy chair; *The Marshal of the Sejm The Marshal of the Sejm (, ) is the speaker (chair) of the Sejm, the lower house of the Polish Parliament. The office traces its origins to the 15th century. In modern Poland, the full title is Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (). ...; *Ten Sejm deputies, representing the main political parties; *Three ministers selected by the Council of Ministers; *Three representat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Security Bureau (Poland)
National Security Bureau ( , BBN) is a Polish government agency executing the tasks given by the President of the Republic of Poland regarding national security. The Bureau serves as the organizational support to the National Security Council (Poland), National Security Council. The Chief of the National Security Bureau () answers to the President. Shortly after the creation of NSB (1991) it was a part of Office of the President of the Republic of Poland in place of the Ministry of State for the National Security, which it succeeded. Heads of the National Security Bureau * Jerzy Milewski – from 8 February 1991 until 13 June 1994 * Henryk Goryszewski – from 14 June 1994 until 22 December 1995 * Jerzy Milewski – from 3 January 1996 until 10 February 1997 * Marek Siwiec – from 19 February 1997 until 17 June 2004 * Major General Tadeusz Bałachowicz – from 18 June 2004 until 28 February 2005 (in charge of the Bureau as the Deputy Head of the Bureau) * Jerzy Bahr – from 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warsaw
Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a Warsaw metropolitan area, greater metropolitan area of 3.27 million residents, which makes Warsaw the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 6th most-populous city in the European Union. The city area measures and comprises List of districts and neighbourhoods of Warsaw, 18 districts, while the metropolitan area covers . Warsaw is classified as an Globalization and World Cities Research Network#Alpha 2, alpha global city, a major political, economic and cultural hub, and the country's seat of government. It is also the capital of the Masovian Voivodeship. Warsaw traces its origins to a small fishing town in Masovia. The city rose to prominence in the late 16th cent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish United Workers' Party
The Polish United Workers' Party (, ), commonly abbreviated to PZPR, was the communist party which ruled the Polish People's Republic as a one-party state from 1948 to 1989. The PZPR had led two other legally permitted subordinate minor parties together as the Front of National Unity and later Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth. Ideologically, it was based on the theories of Marxism-Leninism, with a strong emphasis on left-wing nationalism. The Polish United Workers' Party had total control over public institutions in the country as well as the Polish People's Army, the UB and SB security agencies, the Citizens' Militia (MO) police force and the media. The falsified 1947 Polish legislative election granted the Communist Polish Workers' Party (PPR) complete political authority in post- war Poland. The PZPR was founded forthwith in December 1948 through the unification of the PPR and the Polish Socialist Party (PPS). From 1952 onward, the position of "First Secretary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
