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Soviet Cosmologists
This list of Russian astronomers and astrophysicists includes the famous astronomers, astrophysicists and cosmologists from the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. Alphabetical list __NOTOC__ A * Tateos Agekian, one of the pioneers of Russian and world Stellar dynamics, discoverer of two evolutionary sequences of stellar systems: nearly spherical and strongly flattened * Vladimir Albitsky, discovered a significant number of asteroids *Viktor Ambartsumian, one of the founders of theoretical astrophysics, discoverer of stellar associations, founder of Byurakan Observatory in Armenia * Andrejs Auzāns, director of the Tashkent observatory, 1911–1916 B * Nikolai P. Barabashov, co-author of the ground breaking publication of the first pictures of the far side of the Moon in 1961, called ''Atlas of the Other Side of the Moon''; a crater and a planet were named after him * Vladimir Belinski, an author of the BKL singularity model of the Universe evolut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pulkovo , The Central Astronomical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences at Pulkovo, 19 km south of Saint Petersburg
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Pulkovo may refer to: *Pulkovo Heights marking the southern limit of Saint Petersburg, Russia *Pulkovo Airport serving Saint Petersburg, Russia * Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise, a former (until 2006) state airline based in Saint Petersburg, Russia *Pulkovo Observatory The Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory (), officially named the Central Astronomical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences at Pulkovo, is the principal astronomical observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is located 19 km south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tashkent
Tashkent (), also known as Toshkent, is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Uzbekistan, largest city of Uzbekistan. It is the most populous city in Central Asia, with a population of more than 3 million people as of April 1, 2024. It is located in northeastern Uzbekistan, near the border with Kazakhstan. Before the influence of Islam in the mid-8th century AD, Sogdian people, Sogdian and Turkic people, Turkic culture was predominant. After Genghis Khan destroyed the city in 1219, it was rebuilt and profited from its location on the Silk Road. From the 18th to the 19th centuries, the city became an Tashkent (1784), independent city-state, before being re-conquered by the Khanate of Kokand. In 1865, Tashkent fell to the Russian Empire; as a result, it became the capital of Russian Turkestan. In Soviet Union, Soviet times, it witnessed major growth and demographic changes due to Population transfer in the Soviet Union, forced deportations from throughout the Soviet Unio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semion Braude
Semion Yakovlevich Braude (; 28 January 1911 – 29 June 2003) was a Soviet and Ukrainian physicist and radio astronomer. Of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, Braude was born in Poltava, Ukraine, and pursued his higher education at the National University of Kharkiv, receiving his undergraduate degree from the Physics and Mathematics Department in 1932. He then joined the staff of the Laboratory of Electromagnetic Oscillations (LEMO) at the Ukrainian Physico-Technical Institute (UPTI), and also began graduate work at KU. His mentor was Abram A. Slutskin, professor at KU as well as head of the LEMO. Much of the activities of the LEMO involved the development of magnetrons for generating ultra high frequency (UHF) signals. In 1936, the LEMO was tasked to study the application of magnetrons in a pulsed radio-location (radar) system for use by anti-aircraft batteries. For this project, Braude designed a superheterodyne receiver, using a low-power, tunable magnetron for use as the local osci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergey Blazhko
Sergey Nikolayevich Blazhko (; November 17, 1870, Khotsimsk – February 11, 1956, Moscow) was a Russian and Soviet astronomer, a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1929). He was a graduate of Moscow State University and held a number of positions there including head of the Moscow Observatory from 1920-1931. He discovered a secondary variation of the amplitude and period of some RR Lyrae stars and related pulsating variables, now known as the Blazhko effect. Awards and honours * Laureate of the Stalin Prize, 2nd degree (1951) * Orders of Lenin (1944, 1953) * Orders of the Red Banner of Labour (1940, 1945) * Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" (1946) Crater on the Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It Orbit of the Moon, orbits around Earth at Lunar distance, an average distance of (; about 30 times Earth diameter, Earth's diameter). The Moon rotation, rotates, with a rotation period (l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gennady S
Gennady ( rus, Геннадий, p=ɡʲɪˈnadʲɪj), also transcribed Gennadi or Gennadiy, is a Russian male name. It is derived from the Greek given name Γεννάδιος (Gennadios), latinized Gennadius. People * Gennady Dobrokhotov, Soviet boxer *Gennady Gladkov, Soviet and Russian composer *Gennady Golovkin, Kazakh boxer * Gennady Gudkov, Russian politician and businessman * Gennadi Karponosov, Soviet and Russian Olympic and world champion ice dancer and coach *Gennady Korotkevich, Belarusian sport programmer * Gennady Logofet, Soviet and Russian footballer and football coach * Gennady Semenovich Makanin, Russian mathematician *Gennady Mikhasevich, prolific Soviet serial killer and rapist * Gennady of Novgorod, Russian archbishop *Gennady Padalka, Russian cosmonaut *Gennady Rozhdestvensky, Soviet and Russian conductor *Gennadi Syomin, Russian footballer and football coach *Genndy Tartakovsky, Russian-American cartoonist *Gennady Yanayev, the only vice president of the Sovie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergey Belyavsky
Sergey Ivanovich Belyavsky (; December 7, 1883 (Julian calendar: November 25) – October 13, 1953) was a Soviet Union, Soviet/Russians, Russian astronomer and a List of minor planet discoverers, discoverer of 36 numbered minor planets. His last name is also alternatively spelled Beljavskij (name under which the Minor Planet Center credits him) or Beljawskij. His first name is occasionally given as "Sergius". He was born in Saint Petersburg, St. Petersburg and was a member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. His field of work included photometry (astronomy), astrophotometry, astrometry, and the study of variable stars. He died in Saint Petersburg, Leningrad. He discovered the bright naked-eye comet C/1911 S3 (Beljawsky), also known according to the nomenclature of the time as "Comet 1911 IV" or "Comet 1911g". Belyavsky observed at Simeiz Observatory (Симеиз) in Crimea. Between 1937 and 1944, Belyavsky was the seventh director of the Pulkovo Observator ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stellar Spectra
Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet, X-ray, infrared and radio waves that radiate from stars and other celestial objects. A stellar spectrum can reveal many properties of stars, such as their chemical composition, temperature, density, mass, distance and luminosity. Spectroscopy can show the velocity of motion towards or away from the observer by measuring the Doppler shift. Spectroscopy is also used to study the physical properties of many other types of celestial objects such as planets, nebulae, galaxies, and active galactic nuclei. Background Astronomical spectroscopy is used to measure three major bands of radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum: visible light, radio waves, and X-rays. While all spectroscopy looks at specific bands of the spectrum, different methods are required to acquire the signal depending on the frequency. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doppler Effect
The Doppler effect (also Doppler shift) is the change in the frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave. The ''Doppler effect'' is named after the physicist Christian Doppler, who described the phenomenon in 1842. A common example of Doppler shift is the change of pitch heard when a vehicle sounding a horn approaches and recedes from an observer. Compared to the emitted frequency, the received frequency is higher during the approach, identical at the instant of passing by, and lower during the recession. When the source of the sound wave is moving towards the observer, each successive cycle of the wave is emitted from a position closer to the observer than the previous cycle. Hence, from the observer's perspective, the time between cycles is reduced, meaning the frequency is increased. Conversely, if the source of the sound wave is moving away from the observer, each cycle of the wave is emitted from a position farther from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spectrograph
An optical spectrometer (spectrophotometer, spectrograph or spectroscope) is an instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, typically used in spectroscopic analysis to identify materials. The variable measured is most often the irradiance of the light but could also, for instance, be the polarization state. The independent variable is usually the wavelength of the light or a closely derived physical quantity, such as the corresponding wavenumber or the photon energy, in units of measurement such as centimeters, reciprocal centimeters, or electron volts, respectively. A spectrometer is used in spectroscopy for producing spectral lines and measuring their wavelengths and intensities. Spectrometers may operate over a wide range of non-optical wavelengths, from gamma rays and X-rays into the far infrared. If the instrument is designed to measure the spectrum on an absolute scale rather than a relative one, then it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristarkh Belopolsky
Aristarkh Apollonovich Belopolsky (Аристарх Аполлонович Белопольский; – 16 May 1934) was a Russian and later Soviet astronomer. He was born in Moscow but his father's ancestors are from a Serbian town called Belo Polje. Adjunct professor since 1900, extraordinary (1903) and ordinary (1906) academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Life Belopolsky got his degree at Moscow University in 1876, and in 1878, he became the assistant to Fyodor Aleksandrovich Bredikhin at Moscow Observatory. In 1888, he joined the staff of Pulkovo Observatory. He worked in spectroscopy and discovered a number of spectroscopic binaries. Among others, he discovered that Castor B was a spectroscopic binary with a period of 2.92 days. Belopolsky was known for his fine instrument making, and in 1900 he built an apparatus with which he managed to experimentally detect Doppler shift of light reflected from a moving object. This was a breakthrough, since before t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Igor Belkovich
Igor Vladimirovich Belkovich (Игорь Владимирович Белькович) (October 15, 1904 ( OS: October 2) – May 30, 1949) was a Soviet astronomer. His son Oleg Igorevich Belkovich was also an astronomer. The crater Belkovich on the Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It Orbit of the Moon, orbits around Earth at Lunar distance, an average distance of (; about 30 times Earth diameter, Earth's diameter). The Moon rotation, rotates, with a rotation period (lunar ... is named after him. External links *Biography by his son Soviet astronomers 1904 births 1949 deaths {{europe-astronomer-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BKL Singularity
A Belinski–Khalatnikov–Lifshitz (BKL) singularity is a model of the dynamic evolution of the universe near the initial gravitational singularity, described by an anisotropic, chaotic solution of the Einstein field equation of gravitation. According to this model, the universe is chaotically oscillating around a gravitational singularity in which time and space become equal to zero or, equivalently, the spacetime curvature becomes infinitely big. This singularity is physically real in the sense that it is a necessary property of the solution, and will appear also in the exact solution of those equations. The singularity is not artificially created by the assumptions and simplifications made by the other special solutions such as the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker, quasi-isotropic, and Kasner solutions. The model is named after its authors Vladimir Belinski, Isaak Khalatnikov, and Evgeny Lifshitz, then working at the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
