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Southern Volcanic Zone
The Andean Volcanic Belt is a major volcanic belt along the Andean cordillera in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. It is formed as a result of subduction of the Nazca plate and Antarctic plate underneath the South American plate. The belt is subdivided into four main volcanic zones which are separated by volcanic gaps. The volcanoes of the belt are diverse in terms of activity style, products, and morphology. While some differences can be explained by which volcanic zone a volcano belongs to, there are significant differences within volcanic zones and even between neighboring volcanoes. Despite being a type location for calc-alkalic and subduction volcanism, the Andean Volcanic Belt has a broad range of volcano-tectonic settings, as it has rift systems and extensional zones, transpressional faults, subduction of mid-ocean ridges and seamount chains as well as a large range of crustal thicknesses and magma ascent paths and different amounts of crustal assi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magma
Magma () is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed. Magma (sometimes colloquially but incorrectly referred to as ''lava'') is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and evidence of magmatism has also been discovered on other terrestrial planets and some natural satellites. Besides molten rock, magma may also contain suspended crystals and volcanic gas, gas bubbles. Magma is produced by melting of the mantle (geology), mantle or the Crust (geology), crust in various tectonics, tectonic settings, which on Earth include subduction zones, continental rift (geology), rift zones, mid-ocean ridges and Hotspot (geology), hotspots. Mantle and crustal melts migrate upwards through the crust where they are thought to be stored in magma chambers or trans-crustal crystal mush, crystal-rich mush zones. During magma's storage in the crust, its composition may be modified by Fractional crystallization (geology), fractional crystallization, contaminati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordillera Oriental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Oriental () is the widest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north, dividing from the Colombian Massif in Huila Department to Norte de Santander Department where it splits into the Serranía del Perijá and the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuelan Andes. The highest peak is Ritacuba Blanco at in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy. Geography The western part of the Cordillera Oriental belongs to the Magdalena River basin, while the eastern part includes the river basins of the Amazon River, Orinoco River, and Catatumbo River. Within it, the Altiplano Cundiboyacense and the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy (with the only snowy peaks in this mountain range) stand out. The mountain range contains the most páramos in the world. The Cordillera Oriental montane forests ecoregion An ecoregion (ecological region) is an ecological and geographic area that exists on multiple different levels, defined by type, quality, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boyacá Department
Boyacá () is one of the thirty-two departments of Colombia, and the remnant of Boyacá State, one of the original nine states of the "United States of Colombia". Boyacá is centrally located within Colombia, almost entirely within the mountains of the Cordillera Oriental, Colombia, Eastern Cordillera to the border with Venezuela, although the western end of the department extends to the Magdalena River at the town of Puerto Boyacá, Boyacá, Puerto Boyacá. Boyacá borders to the north with the Department of Santander Department, Santander, to the northeast with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and Norte de Santander, to the east with the departments of Arauca Department, Arauca and Casanare Department, Casanare. To the south, Boyacá borders the department of Cundinamarca Department, Cundinamarca and to the west with the Department of Antioquia Department, Antioquia covering a total area of . The capital of Boyacá is the city of Tunja. Boyacá is known as "The Land of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iza-Paipa Volcanic Complex
The Paipa–Iza volcanic complex is a volcanic field of Pliocene, Late Pliocene to Pleistocene, Early Pleistocene age on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense in the Cordillera Oriental (Colombia), Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. It is the Northern Volcanic Zone, northernmost volcanic complex of the Andean Volcanic Belt with Fueguino in Tierra del Fuego, Chile, at the opposite end of the Andes, Andean mountain belt. The complex, comprising mainly felsic extrusive volcanic rocks as rhyolites, also is the only confirmed volcanic province in the Eastern Ranges, with traces of probably contemporaneous explosive volcanic activity in the vicinity of Guatavita, Cundinamarca Department, Cundinamarca. The Paipa-Iza volcanic field is important as a touristic site with thermal baths in both Paipa and Iza and is being studied for the potential of geothermal energy production and for the extraction of uranium in the area. Etymology The names Paipa and Iza originate in Chibcha language, Muyscc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordillera Central (Colombia)
The Cordillera Central () is the highest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north dividing from the Colombian Massif in Cauca Department to the Serranía de San Lucas in Bolivar Departments. The highest peak is Nevado del Huila at . Significant graphite resources exists in Cordillera Central in the form of graphite-bearing schists. Geography The range is bounded by the Cauca and Magdalena river valleys to the west and east, respectively. The Cauca Valley montane forests ecoregion covers the western slope of the range. The Magdalena Valley montane forests cover the eastern slopes and the northern end of the cordillera. The Northern Andean páramo covers the highest elevations. Highest peaks * Nevado del Huila - - Cauca, Huila & Tolima * Nevado del Ruiz - - Caldas & Tolima * Nevado del Tolima - - Tolima * Nevado de Santa Isabel - - Risaralda, Tolima & Caldas * Nevado del Quindio - - Quindio, Tolima & Risaralda * Cer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordillera Occidental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Occidental () is the lowest in elevation of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The average altitude is and the highest peak is Cerro Tatamá at . The range extends from south to north dividing from the Colombian Massif in Nariño Department, passes north through Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda, Chocó, and Caldas Departments to the Paramillo Massif in Antioquia and Córdoba Departments. The cordillera is paralleled on the east by the Cauca river. From this massif the range divides further to form the Serranías de Ayapel, San Jerónimo and Abibe. Only to recede into the Caribbean plain and the Sinú River valley. It is a direct continuation of Cordillera Occidental of Ecuador. Geography The western part of the mountain range belongs to the Pacific region of Colombia, with the San Juan River being the main watershed, while the eastern part belongs to the Cauca River basin. The northern and northwestern parts belong to the Atlantic Sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordillera Real (Ecuador)
The Cordillera Real (also Cordillera of Quito, Cordillera Central of Ecuador) is a chain of mountains in the Andes of Ecuador, the largest of them volcanic. They are continued by the Cordillera Central of Peru to the south and the Cordillera Central of Colombia to the north. The Cordillera Real includes Antisana, Cotopaxi, and Cayambe, while Chimborazo is in the Cordillera Occidental. The geology of the Cordillera Real includes metamorphic rock of sedimentary origin in addition to S-type granites dated to the early Mesozoic The Mesozoic Era is the Era (geology), era of Earth's Geologic time scale, geological history, lasting from about , comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Period (geology), Periods. It is characterized by the dominance of archosaurian r ... (>200 million years ago). See also * Cordillera Occidental (Ecuador) * Cordillera Central (other) References Mountain ranges of the Andes Real {{Ecuador-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cordillera Occidental (Ecuador)
The Cordillera Occidental range is one of two main mountain ranges in the Andes in Ecuador, the other being the Cordillera Central. It spans the whole country from north to south. The highest peak of the Cordillera Occidental is Chimborazo (6,267 m).The range extends from south to north dividing from the Colombian Massif in Nariño Department, passes north through Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda, Chocó, and Caldas Departments to the Paramillo Massif in Antioquia and Córdoba Departments. See also * Cordillera Central (Ecuador) * Cordillera Occidental (other) Cordillera Occidental is Spanish for "Western mountain". It may refer to: * Cordillera Occidental (Colombia) * Cordillera Occidental (Ecuador) * Cordillera Occidental (Peru) * Cordillera Occidental (Bolivia) See also * Sierra Madre Occidental, t ... References Mountain ranges of the Andes Occidental {{Ecuador-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volcanic Arc
A volcanic arc (also known as a magmatic arc) is a belt of volcanoes formed above a subducting oceanic tectonic plate, with the belt arranged in an arc shape as seen from above. Volcanic arcs typically parallel an oceanic trench, with the arc located further from the subducting plate than the trench. The oceanic plate is saturated with water, mostly in the form of hydrous minerals such as micas, amphiboles, and serpentines. As the oceanic plate is subducted, it is subjected to increasing pressure and temperature with increasing depth. The heat and pressure break down the hydrous minerals in the plate, releasing water into the overlying mantle. Volatiles such as water drastically lower the melting point of the mantle, causing some of the mantle to melt and form magma at depth under the overriding plate. The magma ascends to form an arc of volcanoes parallel to the subduction zone. Volcanic arcs are distinct from volcanic chains formed over hotspots in the middle of a tecton ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Volcanoes In Ecuador
This is a list of active and extinct volcanoes in Ecuador. In Ecuador, National Polytechnic School (Ecuador), EPN monitors the volcanic activity in this Andean nation. Mainland Galápagos Islands References Volcano page, Institut for Geophysics, Ecuador(Spanish) ;Specific [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Volcanoes In Colombia ...
This is a list of active and extinct volcanoes in Colombia. See also * List of earthquakes in Colombia * List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Colombia * Geology of Colombia References {{South America topic, state=uncollapsed, List of volcanoes in . Volcanoes Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
