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Southern Transylvania
Southern Transylvania was a region of the Kingdom of Romania between 1940 and 1944, during World War II. The region of Transylvania, belonging entirely to Romania when the war started in 1939, was split in 1940 between Romania and Hungary, with the latter taking Northern Transylvania in the aftermath of the Second Vienna Award. Overview Timișoara was the largest city in Southern Transylvania, with a population of 116,878 as of April 1941. However, this city was located in the Banat sub-region. The largest city in Southern Transylvania-proper was Brașov, with a population of 84,557 as of April 1941. Southern Transylvania-proper had a population of just over 1.74 million people. Southern Transylvania (including its adjacent regions to its West) had a total area of 59,000 square kilometers. Subtracting from this area the areas of the five counties to its West: Timiș-Torontal (7,600 square km), Caraș (4,693), Severin (6,422 square km), Arad (6,248 square km) and the half of Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Romania
The Kingdom of Romania () was a constitutional monarchy that existed from with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King of Romania, King Carol I of Romania, Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 with the abdication of King Michael I of Romania, Michael I and the Romanian parliament's proclamation of the Socialist Republic of Romania, Romanian People's Republic. From 1859 to 1877, Romania evolved from a personal union of two Principality, principalities: (Moldavia and Wallachia) called the Unification of Moldavia and Wallachia also known as "The Little Union" under a single prince to an autonomous principality with a House of Hohenzollern, Hohenzollern monarchy. The country gained its independence from the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), 1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War (known locally as the Romanian War of Independence), after which it was forced to cede the southern part of Bessarabia in exchange for Northern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tun 75 Mm Resita Model 1943
TUN or tun may refer to: Biology * Tun shells, large sea snails of the family ''Tonnidae'' * Tun, a tardigrade in its cryptobiotic state * Tun or Toon, common name for trees of the genus ''Toona'' Places * Tun, Sweden, a locality in Västra Götaland County * Tūn or Toon, the former name of Ferdows, a city in Iran * Touro University Nevada, a private university in Henderson, Nevada, United States * Tunisia, ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code * Tunis–Carthage International Airport, (IATA airport code: TUN) * Old English meaning town. Often used as a suffix in its Romanised form (''~ton'') e.g.: Southampton Measurement and time * Tun (Maya calendar), a unit of 360 days on the Maya calendar * Tun (unit), an antiquated measurement of liquid Science and technology * TUN/TAP, a computer network device driver * TUN (product standard), Danish building materials numbering system Other uses * Brilliance Tun, a 2014–2015 Chinese city car * Tun, an honorific Malay title * Tun, a type ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potez 25
Potez 25 (also written as Potez XXV) was a French twin-seat, single-engine sesquiplane designed during the 1920s. A light multi-purpose Strike fighter, fighter-bomber, it was designed as a line aircraft and used in a variety of roles, including Fighter aircraft, fighter and escort missions, tactical bombing and Aerial reconnaissance, reconnaissance missions. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, Potez 25 was the standard multi-purpose aircraft of over 20 air forces, including French and Poland, Polish. It was also popular among private operators, notably mail transport companies. The aircraft was further developed into the Potez 25M, 25M, a standard Parasol wing, parasol-wing monoplane, which never entered production. Design and development In 1923, the Potez, Avions Henry Potez aircraft works started production of a successful Potez 15 reconnaissance biplane. Basing on experience gathered during the construction of that aircraft, Henry Potez started working on a new design of a hea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Savoia-Marchetti SM
SIAI-Marchetti was an Italian aircraft manufacturer primarily active during the interwar period. History The original company was founded during 1915 as SIAI (''Società Idrovolanti Alta Italia'' – Seaplane Company of Upper Italy). As suggested by its name, the firm initially specialised in the manufacture of seaplanes, the vast majority of which were intended for the Italian armed forces. Perhaps its most prominent early aircraft was the SIAI S.16, a seaplane that had been configured to perform both aerial reconnaissance and bomber roles, but also proved itself quite capable of long-distance flights. During 1925, Italian aviator Francesco de Pinedo of the ''Regia Aeronautica'' (Italian Royal Air Force) used an SIAI S.16''ter'' he named ''Genariello'' for a record-setting flight from Rome to Australia and Tokyo to demonstrate his idea that seaplanes were superior to landplanes for long-distance flights. Having departed Rome on 21 April, Pinedo and his mechanic, Ernesto Campane ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IAR 79
The IAR 79 was a twin-engine bomber and military reconnaissance aircraft with a wood and metal structure that saw service in World War II built under licence in Brașov, Romania, by Industria Aeronautică Română Development In May 1937, Romania ordered 24 Savoia-Marchetti SM.79B bombers from the Savoia-Marchetti company powered by two Romanian-built IAR K14 engines. This variant was designated SM-79B and equipped the 1st Bomber Group (71st and 72nd Bomber Squadron) of the 1st Bomber Flotilla (''Flotila 1 Bombardament''). The second batch of aircraft were upgraded by replacing the IAR K14 engines with 1200 hp water cooled Junkers Jumo 211Da engines increasing the maximum speed from 350 km/h to 405 km/h. Eight of these new airplanes were ordered from Italy in 1939. They were designated JIS-79B (Junkers-Italia-Savoia). But they didn't arrive until August 1941. Between 1941 and 1942, an additional 48 aircraft were license-built by the IAR factory in Brașov und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IAR 37
The IAR 37 was a 1930s Romanian reconnaissance or light bomber aircraft built by Industria Aeronautică Română. Development The IAR 37 prototype was flown for the first time in 1937 to meet a requirement for a tactical bombing and reconnaissance aircraft. The IAR 37 was an unequal-span single bay biplane with a fixed tailwheel landing gear and powered by a licensed copy of the Gnome-Rhône Mistral Major radial engine called the IAR K14-II C32 with 870 HP. It had room for a crew of three under a continuous glazed cockpit, pilot at the front then observer and a gunner at the rear. It had dual controls and was fitted with a locally designed bombsight and a camera. The IAR 37 entered production in 1938, but production of the engine lagged, preventing the aircraft from being completed, and it was replaced on the production line by the IAR 38, powered by the reliable BMW 132 engine. As availability and reliability of the K.14 engine improved, the incomplete IAR 37s were fitted wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IAR 80
The IAR 80 was a Romanian World War II low-wing monoplane, all-metal monocoque fighter and ground-attack aircraft. When it first flew, in 1939, it was comparable to contemporary designs being deployed by the airforces of the most advanced military powers such as the Hawker Hurricane and Bf 109E. Production problems and lack of available armament delayed entry of the IAR 80 into service until 1941. It remained in frontline use until the end of the war. Development In order to ensure that the Royal Romanian Air Force (''ARR'') could continue to be supplied with aircraft in time of war, the government subsidized the creation of three major aircraft manufacturers in the 1920s and 1930s. The first was Societatea Pentru Exploatări Tehnice (SET) which was formed in Bucharest in 1923. Next came Industria Aeronautică Română (IAR) which set up shop in Brașov in 1925. Finally there was Întreprinderea de Construcții Aeronautice Românești (ICAR), which was found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
75 Mm Reșița Model 1943
The 75 mm Reșița Model 1943 was an anti-tank gun produced by Romania during World War II. It combined features from the Soviet ''ZiS-3'' field/anti-tank gun, the German PaK 40 and the Romanian '' 75 mm Vickers/Reșița Model 1936'' anti-aircraft gun. It saw service against both the Soviets during the Jassy-Kishniev Offensive and against the Germans during the Budapest Offensive and subsequent operations to clear Austria and Czechoslovakia. According to British historian Mark Axworthy, the gun could be considered the most versatile of its class developed during World War II, outperforming Soviet, German and Western counterparts. Development Development began in 1942 of a dual-purpose field and anti-tank gun that could be built in Romania to replace the collection of obsolescent field guns currently used and upgrade their anti-tank defenses of the army. To speed development Colonel Valerian Nestorescu suggested combining the best features from the guns already in s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vickers Model 1931
The Vickers Model 1931 was a British anti-aircraft gun used during the Second World War. The design was rejected by the British and Vickers exported the gun worldwide during the 1930s. Design The cruciform carriage had two pneumatic or solid rubber wheels that were removable. Two legs locked together for transport and the barrel was secured to them. The other two legs folded in half and were elevated almost vertically into the air.See the Romanian reference to see exactly how it looked. Operational history Romania Romania bought a license for 100 in 1936, although hundreds more were built during the war. The second batch of 100 pieces was started in July 1941, the production rate being of 5 pieces per month as of October 1942. Finland Finland bought a dozen to help reduce balance of payment problems with the British in 1936. The Finnish guns, designated 76mm ItK/34 V, were chambered in their standard caliber.Updated: Others Denmark also bought a license, desig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voina Works
Voina ( rus, Война, p=vɐjˈna, a=Ru-война.ogg, t=War) is a Russian street-art group known for their provocative and politically charged works of performance art. The group has had more than sixty members, including former and current students of the Rodchenko Moscow School of Photography, Moscow State University, and University of Tartu. However, the group does not cooperate with state or private institutions, and is not supported by any Russian curators or gallerists. The activities of Voina have ranged from street protest, symbolic pranks in public places, and performance-art happenings, to vandalism and destruction of public property. More than a dozen criminal cases have been brought against the group. On 7 April 2011 the group was awarded the "Innovation" prize in the category "Work of Visual Art", established by the Russian Ministry of Culture. Origins Oleg Vorotnikov, a philosophy graduate from Moscow State University (MSU), is generally considered to be the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brandt Mle 27/31
The Brandt mle 27/31 Mortar (weapon), mortar was a regulation weapon of the French army during the World War II, Second World War. Designed by Edgar Brandt, it was a refinement of the Stokes mortar. The Brandt mortar was highly influential, being licensed built or copied by numerous countries. Development history In 1915, about the same time when British civil engineer Wilfred Stokes turned to developing trench mortars for the troops, French Applied art, applied artist, silversmith and ironsmith Edgar Brandt did the same while serving in the French Army. He developed two pneumatic weapons, ''obusier pneumatique Brandt de 60 mm modèle 1915'' on a tripod carriage and later also ''modèle 1916'' on a cast aluminium baseplate. Already the first type of the shell (''projectile type A'') had an aerodynamic teardrop body with flat Stabilizer (aeronautics), stabilizers (called vanes or fins) and an obturation groove around its widest part, both features which will define the design of m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cugir
Cugir (; German language, German: ''Kudsir, Kudschir'', Hungarian language, Hungarian: ''Kudzsir'') is a town in Alba County, Romania. Declared a town in 1968, it administers seven villages: Bocșitura (Hungarian ''Boksiturahavas'', German ''Potschitur''), Bucuru (''Bukuruhavas''/''Bukur''), Călene (''Kalenihavas''/''Kalleney''), Fețeni (''Fecehavas''/''Fetzeberg''), Goașele (''Goaselehavas''/''Eisenhammer''), Mugești (''Mugestihavas''/''Kudschirstallen''), and Vinerea (''Felkenyér''/''Oberbrodsdorf''). Geography The central settlement of the Breadfield region, the town lies on the banks of the Cugir (river), Cugir River, at the confluence of headwaters Râul Mare (Cugir), Râul Mare and Râul Mic (Cugir), Râul Mic. It is situated Above mean sea level, above sea level, at the base of the Șureanu Mountains. Cugir is located in the southwestern part of Alba County, about from Sebeș and from Alba Iulia, the capital of the county. It lies on the border with Hunedoara County ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
