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Sophie Adlersparre
Carin Sophie Adlersparre (née Leijonhufvud; 6 July 1823 – 27 June 1895), known by her pen-name Esselde, was a Swedish feminist, writer and publisher who was one of the pioneers of the 19th-century women's rights movement in Sweden. She was the founder and editor of the first women's magazine in Scandinavia, '' Home Review'' (''Tidskrift för hemmet''), in 1859–1885; co-founder of Friends of Handicraft (''Handarbetets vänner'') in 1874–1887; founder of the Fredrika Bremer Association (''Fredrika-Bremer-förbundet'') in 1884; and one of the first two women to be a member of a state committee in Sweden in 1885. Life Adlersparre was born into the Leijonhufvud family, as the daughter of lieutenant colonel Baron Erik Gabriel Knutsson Leijonhufvud and Sofie Emerentia Hoppenstedt. She was educated privately at home, and then spent two years at a finishing school, the fashionable Bjurström Pension (''Bjurströmska pensionen'') in Stockholm. In 1869, she married the nob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bertha Valerius
Aurora Valeria Albertina Valerius, known as Bertha (21 January 1824, Stockholm – 24 March 1895, Stockholm), was a Swedish photographer and painter.''Svenskt konstnärslexikon'', Part V, pg. 572, Allhems Förlag AB, 1953, Malmö. Biography Bertha Valerius was born to Chancellor , a member of the Swedish Academy, and Kristina Aurora Ingell. Her sister was the singer and painter Baroness Adelaïde Leuhusen. Beginning in 1849, she studied at the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts and received a scholarship to study in Düsseldorf, Dresden and Paris. Upon her return, she entered a career as a portrait painter. In 1853 and 1856, she participated in exhibitions at the Academy. Later, she had the opportunity to accompany her sister and the opera singer Christina Nilsson to Paris, acting as her chaperone. During her second stay in Paris, she became interested in photography and, upon her return in 1862, she opened her own studio in Stockholm; soon becoming one of Stockholm's most notab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hammarstedtska Skolan
Hammarstedtska skolan (Hammarstedt School), also known as Hammarstedtska flickpensionen (Hammarstedt Girl's Pension) and Hammarstedtska pensionen (Hammarstedt Pension) was a Swedish Girls' school, active for most of the 19th century in Stockholm. It was regarded as one of the most exclusive of its kind in 19th-century Stockholm. The school was named after its principals, and therefore changed name several times: from the 1830s until 1881, it was therefore named as Bjurströmska pensionen (Bjurström Pension), Kockska pensionen (Kock Pension), Posseska pensionen (Posse Pension) and, finally, as Hammarstedtska pensionen (Hammarstedt Pension). History Bjurströmska pensionen The school was founded by the niece and heir of Sophie Hagman, ''mamsell'' Augusta Bjurström, and called ''Bjurströmska pensionen'' (Bjurström Pension) after her. It attracted clients from the upper classes and was regarded as the most prominent educational institution for females in Stockholm in the 1830s. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Night School
A night school is an adult learning school that holds classes in the evening or at night to accommodate people who work during the day. A community college or university may hold night school classes that admit undergraduates. Italy The scuola serale (evening school) is a structured institution for the education and training of professional adults in Italy. The first evening schools opened in the first half of the nineteenth century under the pressure of the first civil strike organised by labor movements, with the main aim of reducing illiteracy. Major philanthropic actions contributed to the continued spread of scuola serale. Beginning with elementary education, the first evening schools employed the educational process of "mutual education" (or mutual teaching) originated by British educators Andrew Bell and Joseph Lancaster, despite the scarcity of teachers. Initially, classes operated during the afternoon and evening. They were mainly frequented by peasants, workers an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's Suffrage
Women's suffrage is the women's rights, right of women to Suffrage, vote in elections. Several instances occurred in recent centuries where women were selectively given, then stripped of, the right to vote. In Sweden, conditional women's suffrage was in effect during the Age of Liberty (1718–1772), as well as in American Revolution, Revolutionary and early-independence Women's suffrage in New Jersey, New Jersey (1776–1807) in the US.Karlsson Sjögren, Åsa, ''Männen, kvinnorna och rösträtten: medborgarskap och representation 1723–1866'' [Men, women, and suffrage: citizenship and representation 1723–1866], Carlsson, Stockholm, 2006 (in Swedish). Pitcairn Islands, Pitcairn Island allowed women to vote for its councils in 1838. The Kingdom of Hawai'i, which originally had universal suffrage in 1840, rescinded this in 1852 and was subsequently annexed by the United States in 1898. In the years after 1869, a number of provinces held by the British Empire, British and Russi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dagny (magazine)
''Dagny'' was a women's magazine published from 1886 to 1913 in Stockholm, Sweden. The title of the magazine bore the statement ''Utgifvet af Fredrika-Bremer Förbundet'' (), indicating its publisher. It was subtitled as ''Tidskrift för sociala och litterära intressen'' (). It is the first Swedish magazine which covered social issues from women's perspective and assumed a leading position in the suffrage movement in Sweden from 1903. History and profile ''Dagny'' was launched in 1886 as a successor to another women's magazine, ''Tidskrift för hemmet'', which was published from 1859 to 1885. Its publisher was the Fredrika Bremer Association. According to doctor , son of doctor Salomon Eberhard Henschen, Salomon Henschen, the periodical was named after his sister, translator . The magazine was headquartered in Stockholm and published on a weekly basis. The editor of ''Dagny'' was Lotten Dahlgren, who held the post between 1891 and 1907. The page number of ''Dagny'' varied betwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fredrika Limnell
Catharina Fredrika Limnell née Forssberg (14 July 1816 – 12 September 1897), was a Swedish philanthropist, mecenate, feminist and salonist. Private life Fredrika Forssberg was born on July 14, 1816 in Härnösand Municipality in Västernorrland County Sweden, as the daughter of lektor Olof Fredrik Forssberg and Catharina Margareta Svedbom. She had two siblings, but the elder sister died in first year of life and her younger sister drowned when she was 13. Fredrika Limnell was raised in a literary home and had the ability to cultivate her interests in literature and music. Prior to her first marriage, she was engaged to the poet Anders Grafström, but the engagement was terminated on her initiative. In 1842 in Stockholm, she married her cousin, Per Erik Svedbom (1811–1857), headmaster at Nya Elementar in Stockholm and editor of ''Aftonbladet'' with whom she had two sons, William (1843) and Erik (1855). After the death of her first husband, she was married in 1858 to C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salon (gathering)
A salon is a gathering of people held by a host. These gatherings often consciously followed Horace's definition of the aims of poetry, "either to please or to educate" (Latin: ''aut delectare aut prodesse''). Salons in the tradition of the French literary and philosophical movements of the 17th and 18th centuries are still being conducted. Historical background The salon first appeared in Italy in the 16th century, then flourished in France throughout the 17th and 18th centuries. It continued to flourish in Italy throughout the 19th century. In 16th-century Italy, some brilliant circles formed in the smaller courts which resembled salons, often galvanized by the presence of a beautiful and educated patroness such as Isabella d'Este or Elisabetta Gonzaga. Salons were an important place for the exchange of ideas. The word ''salon'' first appeared in France in 1664 (from the Italian ''salone'', the large reception hall of Italian mansions; ''salone'' is actually the augmentati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a subregion#Europe, subregion of northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples. ''Scandinavia'' most commonly refers to Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. It can sometimes also refer to the Scandinavian Peninsula (which excludes Denmark but includes a part of northern Finland). In English usage, Scandinavia is sometimes used as a synonym for Nordic countries. Iceland and the Faroe Islands are sometimes included in Scandinavia for their Ethnolinguistics, ethnolinguistic relations with Sweden, Norway and Denmark. While Finland differs from other Nordic countries in this respect, some authors call it Scandinavian due to its economic and cultural similarities. The geography of the region is varied, from the Norwegian fjords in the west and Scandinavian mountains covering parts of Norway and Sweden, to the low and flat areas of Denmark in the south, as well as archipelagos and lakes in the east. Most of the population ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Seminary
The Royal Seminary, fully the Royal Advanced Female Teachers' Seminary (, abbreviated KHLS), was a normal school (teachers' college) in Stockholm, Sweden. It was active from 1861 until 1943. It was the first public institution of higher academic learning open to women in Sweden. The Royal Normal School for Girls (') was a secondary school attached to the Royal Seminary. It served as a feeder program for the seminary and was the first public girls' school in the country. History Background and foundation The Royal Seminary was founded after the so-called ''Hertha'' debate over women's rights prompted by Fredrika Bremer's 1856 novel '' Hertha''. Swedish women (unless widowed or divorced) were then considered to be incompetent wards of their husbands, fathers or brothers under the Civil Code of 1734 and could be granted legal majority only by a personal petition to the Crown. The novel argued against that and supported female admission to institutions of higher education, ultima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legal Majority
The age of majority is the threshold of legal adulthood as recognized or declared in law. It is the moment when a person ceases to be considered a minor, and assumes legal control over their person, actions, and decisions, thus terminating the control and legal responsibilities of their parents or guardian over them. Most countries set the age of majority at 18, but some jurisdictions have a higher age and others lower. The word ''majority'' here refers to having greater years and being of full age as opposed to ''minority'', the state of being a minor. The law in a given jurisdiction may not actually use the term "age of majority". The term refers to a collection of laws bestowing the status of adulthood. Explanation The term ''age of majority'' can be confused with the similar concept of the ''age of license''. As a legal term, ''license'' means ''permission'', referring to a legally enforceable right or privilege. Thus, the age of license for a specific activity, eg the age ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hertha (novel)
''Hertha'', fully ''New Sketches of Everyday Life: Hertha, or, A Soul's History: A Sketch from Real Life'' () is a Swedish novel by Fredrika Bremer, first published in 1856. __NOTOC__ History The feminist writer Fredrika Bremer published ''Hertha'' in 1856. Unlike her other works, she labeled this one a ''Sketch of from Real Life'': she concluded it with an appendix recounting actual Swedish court cases concerning her subject, an assault on the 2nd-class status of women under Sweden's 1734 Civil Code. By its terms, unmarried adult women (unless widowed or divorced) were considered incompetent wards of their male relatives. Bremer and her sister had themselves been required to petition King Charles XIV to emancipate themselves from their wastrel brother. Legacy Although Bremer herself soon left for a great journey through Europe and the Levant, her work prompted the ''Hertha'' Discussion (') throughout Swedish society, reaching Parliament in 1858. There, the old system wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosalie Roos
Rosalie Ulrika Olivecrona (née Roos; December 9, 1823 – June 4, 1898) was a Swedish feminist and writer. She is one of the three great pioneers of the organized women's rights movement in Sweden, alongside Fredrika Bremer and Sophie Adlersparre. Biography Rosalie Ulrika Roos was born into a wealthy family. She grew up in Stockholm and was among the first students at the '' Wallinska flickskolan'' in Stockholm, one of the oldest girls' school in Sweden dating to 1831. The family moved in 1839 to Sjogeris at the foot of the mountainous plateau, Mösseberg in Västergötland. One of her friends, Hulda Hahr, was a teacher at a girls' school in Limestone, a town near Charleston, South Carolina, United States, and offered her a position at the school. She traveled to the United States in 1851, and stayed there for four years. Roos was first a teacher of French at the school in Limestone, then she became a governess at the plantation of two of her students, Eliza and Annie P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
