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Somdet Chaophraya Borom Maha Prayurawong
''Somdet Chao Phraya'' Borom Maha Prayurawongse (; ; 1788 - 26 April 1855) or Dit Bunnag (; ) was a prominent political figure of Siam during the mid-19th century as a regent for King Mongkut kingdom-wide. He became a '' Somdet Chao Phraya'' — the highest rank a Siamese noble had attained during the Rattanakosin Era, with honor equal to that of royalty. He was known colloquially as Somdet Chao Phraya Ong Yai (). He was also known as ''Chao Phraya'' Phraklang (), or Minister of Trade, and dominated Western affairs of Siam during the reign of King Rama III. He held the post of ''Samuha Kalahom'' (), the Prime Minister of Southern Siam, from 1830 to 1855. Life Dit Bunnag was born in 1788 to Bunnag and ''Chao Kun'' Nuan (who was Queen Amarindra's sister) at his father's residence off the southern side of the Grand Palace Wall near modern Wat Pho. His father, Bunnag, or ''Chao Phraya'' Akkamahasena (), had served as '' Samuha Kalahom'' the Prime Minister of Southern Siam durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grace (style)
His Grace and Her Grace are English Style (manner of address), styles of address used with high-ranking personages, and was the style for English monarchs until Henry VIII (r. 1509–1547), and for Scottish monarchs until the Act of Union (1707), Act of Union of 1707, which Union of the Crowns, united the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England. In Great Britain and Ireland, it is also the style of address for archbishops, dukes, and duchesses; e.g. His Grace the Duke of Norfolk and His Grace the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury. The correct style is “Your Grace” in spoken and written form; as a stylistic descriptor for Dukes in the United Kingdom, British dukes, it is an abbreviation of the full, formal style: “The Most High, Noble and Potent Prince His Grace”. However, a Royal dukedoms in the United Kingdom, royal duke, such as Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, is addressed as Your Royal Highness. Ecclesiastical usage Christianity The style "His Grace" and "Your Grace" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chao Phraya River
The Chao Phraya River is the major river in Thailand, with its low alluvial plain forming the centre of the country. It flows through Bangkok and then into the Gulf of Thailand. Etymology Written evidence of the river being referred to by the name ''Chao Phraya'' dates only to the reign of King Mongkut (Rama IV, 1850–1868). It is unknown what name, if any at all, was used for the river in older times. The river was likely known simply by the Thai word for 'river', (), and foreign documents and maps, especially by Europeans visiting during the Ayutthaya period, usually named the river the ''Menam''. The name Chao Phraya likely comes from (), an alternative name, documented from around 1660 in the reign of King Narai, of the settlement that is now Samut Prakan. Historian Praphat Chuvichean suggests that the name, which is a Thai noble titles, title of nobility, originated from the story of two Khmer idols being unearthed in 1498 at the settlement that was by the mouth of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theravada Buddhism
''Theravāda'' (; 'School of the Elders'; ) is Buddhism's oldest existing school. The school's adherents, termed ''Theravādins'' ( anglicized from Pali ''theravādī''), have preserved their version of the Buddha's teaching or '' Dhamma'' in the Pāli Canon for over two millennia. The Pāli Canon is the most complete Buddhist canon surviving in a classical Indian language, Pāli, which serves as the school's sacred language and ''lingua franca''.Crosby, Kate (2013), ''Theravada Buddhism: Continuity, Diversity, and Identity'', p. 2. In contrast to Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna, Theravāda tends to be conservative in matters of doctrine ('' pariyatti'') and monastic discipline ('' vinaya''). One element of this conservatism is the fact that Theravāda rejects the authenticity of the Mahayana sutras (which appeared onwards). Consequently, Theravāda generally does not recognize the existence of many Buddhas and bodhisattvas believed by the Mahāyāna school, such as Amitābha a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prasat Thong
Prasat ThongThe Royal Institute. List of monarchs Ayutthaya''. (, ; c. 1599–1655; 1629–1655) was the first king of the Prasat Thong dynasty, the fourth dynasty of the Siamese Ayutthaya Kingdom. Before being king, he defeated a rebellion led by the Songtham, king's son Phra Sisin by working with Japanese mercenary Yamada Nagamasa. He gained power in 1629 by attacking the palace and placed a Athittayawong, puppet king who he would later execute. Under his reign, he subjugated Post-Angkor period, Cambodia but lost Siam's Northern principalities. Origin Accounts vary on the origin of Prasat Thong. While traditional Thailand, Thai historians hold that he was an illegitimate son of King Ekathotsarot, Jeremias van Vliet's account states that he was the maternal cousin of King Songtham – his father was ''Okya'' Sithammathirat (), elder brother of the mother of King Songtham. He was born during the reign of King Naresuan around 1599 and was known to have caused mischief in the roya ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheikh Ahmad (Thai Official)
Sheikh Ahmad (ca. 1543–1631), sometimes referred to as Ahmad Qomi or Ahmad Kuni, among other variations, was a Persian-born merchant who settled in the Siamese Ayutthaya Kingdom in the early 17th century. He became a powerful official in the Siamese court, where he was given the name and title of Chaophraya Boworn Rajnayok (). He was the ancestor of the powerful Bunnag family. Origins and early life Ahmad was born in Safavid Iran, Persia about 1543, and is sometimes said to be from the city of Qom, south of Tehran.Marcinkowski, Muhammad Ismail"From Isfahan to Ayuthayya: Contacts Between Iran and Siam in the 17th Century" pp. 85-87 However, this is disputed by his descendant Tej Bunnag, Thailand's Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Thailand), Minister of Foreign Affairs, who claimed his ancestor hailed from a town called Guni in the Mazandaran Province, Mazandaran/Astarabad region south of the Caspian Sea. He had a brother, Muhammad Said, who would later immigrate along with him to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bunnag Family
The Bunnag Family or House of Bunnag (; ) is a Siamese noble family of Mon people, Mon-Persian people, Persian descent influential during the late Ayutthaya kingdom and early Rattanakosin period. The family was favored by Chakri dynasty, Chakri monarchs and attained great power, monopolizing high-ranking titles. By the nineteenth century, its power and influence reached its zenith. Three of the four ''Thai nobility, Somdet Chao Phraya'' came from the Bunnag family — Dit, styled Somdet Chao Phraya Borom Maha Prayurawongse; his younger brother Tat, styled Somdet Chao Phraya Borom Maha Pichaiyat; the eldest son Chuang, styled Somdet Chao Phraya Borom Sri Suriwongse. They played key roles in government and foreign relations until after the Front Palace crisis. As Chulalongkorn sought to undo the power of the nobility and pursue centralization, the Bunnags gradually withdrew from prominent roles in Siamese politics but continued to fill important official ranks. History Sheikh A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phutthayotfa Chulalok
Phutthayotfa Chulalok (born Thongduang; 20 March 1737 – 7 September 1809), also known by his regnal name Rama I, was the founder of the Rattanakosin Kingdom (now Thailand) and the first King of Siam from the reigning Chakri dynasty. He ascended the throne in 1782, following the deposition of King Taksin of Thonburi. He was also celebrated as the founder of Rattanakosin (now Bangkok) as the new capital of the reunited kingdom. Rama I, whose given name was Thongduang, was born from a Mon male line descent family, great-grandson of Kosa Pan. His father served in the royal court of the Ayutthaya Kingdom. Thongduang and his younger brother Boonma served King Taksin in wars against the Burmese Konbaung dynasty and helped him in the reunification of Siam. During this time he emerged as Siam's most powerful military leader. Thongduang was the first '' Somdet Chao Phraya'', the highest rank the nobility could attain, equaled to that of royalty. In 1782, he took control of Siam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuha Kalahom
Chatusadom or Catustambha ( , literally "Four Pillars" from Sanskrit ''Catur'' "Four" + ''Stambha'' "Pillars") was the Thai system of central executive governance during the Ayutthaya Kingdom, Thonburi Kingdom and Rattanakosin Kingdom from 1454 to 1892. For about four hundred years, it had served as the constitution of central government of Siam or Thailand until King Chulalongkorn organized ''Chatusadom'' into modern ministries and officially established the Cabinet on April 1, 1892. The ''Chatusadom'' system King Trailokanat promulgated the constitution of ''Chatusadom'' in his Palatine Law, or ''Phra aiyakan tamnaeng na phonlaruean'' (), with the promulgation date being 1454. The original written law had been lost, however. ''Chatusadom'' went through subsequent amendments over time and King Rama I enacted the Palatine Law in the Three Seals Law, from which the ''Chatusadom'' was mostly studied. The ''Chatusadom'' bureaucracy was divided into ''Phonlaruean'' () or Civil Affai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wat Pho
Wat Pho (, ), also spelled Wat Po, is a Buddhism, Buddhist temple complex in the Phra Nakhon, Phra Nakhon District, Bangkok, Thailand. It is on Rattanakosin Island, directly south of the Grand Palace, Bangkok, Grand Palace. Known also as the Temple of the Reclining Buddha, its official name is Wat Phra Chetuphon Wimon Mangkhalaram Rajwaramahawihan (; ). The more commonly known name, Wat Pho, is a contraction of its older name, ''Wat Photaram'' (; ). The temple is first on the list of six temples in Thailand classed as the highest grade of the first-class royal temples. It is associated with King Rama I who rebuilt the temple complex on an earlier temple site. It became his main temple and is where some of his ashes are enshrined. The temple was later expanded and extensively renovated by Rama III. The temple complex houses the largest collection of Buddha images in Thailand, including a 46 m long huge reclining Buddha. The temple is considered the earliest centre for public educat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Palace
The Grand Palace (, Royal Institute of Thailand. (2011). ''How to read and how to write.'' (20th Edition). Bangkok: Royal Institute of Thailand. . ) is a complex of buildings at the heart of Bangkok, Thailand. The palace has been the official royal residence, residence of the Monarchy of Thailand, Kings of Siam (and later Thailand) since 1782. The king, his Court (royal), court, and his royal government were based on the grounds of the palace until 1925. King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX), resided at the Chitralada Royal Villa and his successor King Vajiralongkorn (Rama X) resides at the Amphorn Sathan Residential Hall, both in the Dusit Palace, but the Grand Palace is still used for official events. Several royal ceremonies and state functions are held within the walls of the palace every year. The palace is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Thailand, with over eight million people visiting each year. Construction of the palace began on 6 May 1782, at the order o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
