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Solomon II (exilarch)
Solomon II (born as David) ( ka, სოლომონ II; 1772 – February 7, 1815), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was the last List of monarchs of Georgia, king (''mepe'') of Kingdom of Imereti, Imereti (western Georgia (country), Georgia) from 1789 to 1790 and from 1792 until his deposition by the Imperial Russian government in 1810. Biography Early life and ascent to the throne He was named David at birth, to Prince Archil of Imereti, by his wife Princess Elene of Georgia. David spent his youth at the court of his maternal grandfather, King Heraclius II of Georgia. The heirless brother of Archil, David's uncle, Solomon I of Imereti, bequeathed the throne to his nephew should Solomon die without an heir. However, the influential feudal lords of Imereti, after the death of Solomon in the year 1784, managed to place George IX of Imereti's son David II of Imereti, David II on the throne instead. In the same year, David II sent ambassadors to the Russian Empire and asked the emperor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgian Crown Jewels
The Georgian Crown Jewels ( ka, ქართული სამეფო რეგალია, tr) were the regalia and vestments worn by the List of Georgian monarchs, monarchs of Kingdom of Georgia, Georgia during the coronation ceremony and at other state functions. The last Georgian monarchs, Heraclius II of Georgia, Heraclius II and George XII of Georgia, George XII, had their regalia Investiture, invested, respectively in 1783 and 1798, from the Russian Empire, Russian ''tsars'', their official protectors. Of these royal jewels—a crown, sword, and scepter—only the latter staff survives, in the collection of the Kremlin Armoury in Moscow. Early history The medieval Georgian monarchs are portrayed on coins, medals, sculptured reliefs, and in frescoes wearing crowns and royal robes, frequently of Byzantine imperial design, and there is also some documentary evidence about some of their regalia. But none of these specimens has come down to us. A crown attributed to the King ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heraclius II Of Georgia
Heraclius II, also known as Erekle II ( ka, ერეკლე II) and The Little Kakhetian ( ka, პატარა კახი, link=no ; 7 November 1720 or 7 October 1721 Cyril_Toumanoff.html" ;"title="ccording to Cyril Toumanoff">C. Toumanoff– 11 January 1798), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was the List of monarchs of Georgia, king (''mepe'') of the Kingdom of Kakheti from 1744 to 1762, and of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti from 1762 until his death in 1798. In the contemporary Persian sources he is referred to as Erekli Khan (), while Russians knew him as Irakly (). Heraclius is the Latinized form of his name. From being granted the kingship of Kakheti by his overlord Nader Shah in 1744 as a reward for his loyalty,Ronald Grigor Suny"The Making of the Georgian Nation"Indiana University Press, 1994. p 55 to becoming the penultimate king of the united kingdoms of Kakheti and Kartli in eastern Georgia, his reign is regarded as the swan song of the Georgian monarchy. Aided by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darejan Dadiani
Darejan Dadiani ( ka, დარეჯანი), also known as Daria (Georgian: ; ) (20 July 1738 – 8 November 1807), was List of Georgian consorts, Queen Consort of Kingdom of Kakheti, Kakheti, and later Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti, Kartli-Kakheti in Eastern Georgia (country), Georgia, as the third wife of King Heraclius II of Georgia, Erekle II (also known as Heraclius II). She was a daughter of Katsia-Giorgi Dadiani, a member of the Dadiani, princely house of Principality of Mingrelia, Mingrelia. Darajan married Heraclius in 1750 and their marriage lasted 48 years until his death in 1798; the union produced 23 children. In the final years of her husband's reign, Darejan exerted significant influence on politics and court affairs. She was skeptical of the pro-Russian Empire, Russian policies of Heraclius II and his successor, her step-son, George XII of Georgia, George XII, whose progeny she tried to prevent from succeeding to the throne of Georgia. After the Russian annexation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Kartli-Kakheti
The Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti ( ka, ქართლ-კახეთის სამეფო, tr) was created in 1762 by the unification of the two eastern Georgian kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti. From the early 16th century, according to the 1555 Peace of Amasya, these two kingdoms were under Iranian control. In 1744, Nader Shah granted the kingship of Kartli to Teimuraz II and that of Kakheti to his son Heraclius II, as a reward for their loyalty. When Nader Shah died in 1747, Teimuraz II and Heraclius II capitalized on the instability in Iran proper, and declared '' de facto'' independence. After Teimuraz II died in 1762, Heraclius succeeded him as ruler of Kartli, thus unifying the two kingdoms. Heraclius was able, after centuries of Iranian suzerainty over Georgia, to guarantee the autonomy of his kingdom throughout the chaos that had erupted following Nader Shah's death. He became the new Georgian king of a politically united eastern Georgia for the first time in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simon II Gurieli
Simon II Gurieli (also Svimon; ka, სიმონ ��ვიმონII გურიელი, died 1792), of the western Georgian House of Gurieli, was Prince of Guria from 1788/89 to 1792. Biography Simon Gurieli was the eldest son of Giorgi V Gurieli, Prince of Guria, who abdicated in Simon's favor due to his old age and political instability in the principality. Shortly after he acceded to the princely throne, Simon repaired to the Ottoman provincial capital of Akhaltsikhe for negotiations with the local pasha Isaq to ease Turkish pressure on Guria. On his way back, Simon's entourage was ambushed by the Muslim Georgian clansmen of Adjara, and the prince was taken captive by the Adjarian chieftain Selim Bey, who released Simon after the latter agreed to marry off his 5-year-old daughter Kesaria to Selim's son Abdi Bey. In a civil war in the neighboring Kingdom of Imereti, whose monarchs claimed suzerainty over Guria, Simon supported David II, but he then made common caus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of The Iberians
The Treaty of the Iberians ( ka, ივერიელთა ტრაქტატი) was a bilateral treaty on strategic alliance concluded between the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti and Kingdom of Imereti, Principality of Mingrelia, Principality of Guria in June, 1790. Treaty was negotiated by Prince Solomon Lionidze. Treaty was underlining the fact that "All the Iberians are blood relatives, of one religion and language." Treaty promised all-Georgian unity and mutual assistance in case of external threats. King Heraclius II of Georgia was recognized as the "father" of all Georgia that promised the western Georgian polities to help in case of need.Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia The ''Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia'' ( ka, ქართული საბჭოთა ენციკლოპედია, tr, ქსე) is the first universal encyclopedia in the Georgian language, printed in Tbilisi from 1965, the editor ..., V. 9, p. 183, Tbilisi, 1985 References 1790 treaties ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Ioane Of Georgia
Ioane ( ka, იოანე ბაგრატიონი) (16 May 1768 – 15 February 1830) was a Georgian prince (batonishvili), writer, lexicographer and encyclopaedist. Life A son of George XII, the last king of Kartl-Kakheti kingdom, eastern Georgia, by his first wife Ketevan Andronikashvili, Ioane commanded an avant-garde of a Georgian force annihilated by the Persian army at the Battle of Krtsanisi in 1795. Following the battle, the kingdom entered a period of economic crisis and political anarchy. To eradicate the results of a Persian attack and to overcome the retardation of the feudal society, Prince Ioane proposed on 10 May 1799, a project of reforms of administration, army and education. This project was, however, never materialized due to the weakness of George XII and a civil strife in the country. In 1800, he commanded a Georgian cavalry in the joined Russian-Georgian forces that defeated his uncle, Alexandre Bagrationi, and the Dagestani allies at the Bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dagestan
Dagestan ( ; ; ), officially the Republic of Dagestan, is a republic of Russia situated in the North Caucasus of Eastern Europe, along the Caspian Sea. It is located north of the Greater Caucasus, and is a part of the North Caucasian Federal District. The republic is the southernmost tip of Russia, sharing land borders with the countries of Azerbaijan and Georgia to the south and southwest, the Russian republics of Chechnya and Kalmykia to the west and north, and with Stavropol Krai to the northwest. Makhachkala is the republic's capital and largest city; other major cities are Derbent, Kizlyar, Izberbash, Kaspiysk, and Buynaksk. Dagestan covers an area of , with a population of over 3.1 million, consisting of over 30 ethnic groups and 81 nationalities. With 14 official languages, and 12 ethnic groups each constituting more than 1% of its total population, the republic is one of Russia's most linguistically and ethnically diverse, and one of the most heteroge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akhaltsikhe
Akhaltsikhe ( ka, ახალციხე ), formerly known as Lomsia ( ka, ლომსია ), is a small city in Georgia's southwestern region () of Samtskhe–Javakheti. It is the administrative center of the Akhaltsikhe Municipality and the Samtskhe–Javakheti region. It is situated on both banks of the small river Potskhovi (a left tributary of the Kura), which divides the city between the old city in the north and new in the south. The 9th-century Akhaltsikhe (Rabati) Castle, which was recently restored, is located in the old part of the city. It is one of the main attractions of the Samtskhe–Javakheti region, along with Vardzia, Vale, Okrostsikhe and Zarzma. Toponymy Akhaltsikhe is the Georgian name of the town, which literally means "new fortress". It is attested in Arabic sources as (and ), in Persian as (also spelled as ), and in Turkish sources as . The Azerbaijani village of Axısxa is also named after it, due to the population of the village origin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Matkhoji
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas batt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigol Dadiani
Grigol Dadiani ( ka, გრიგოლ დადიანი; 1770 – 23 October 1804), of the House of Dadiani, was Prince of Mingrelia from 1788 to 1804, with intermissions from 1791 to 1794 and in 1802 when his position was filled by his rivaling brothers. His rule was marred by the long-standing struggle between the Imeretian crown seeking to subdue Mingrelia and Mingrelian efforts to win full independence, a continuation of the conflict which had plagued western Georgia for centuries. Grigol's rapprochement with the expanding Russian Empire resulted in Mingrelia becoming, in 1804, a Russian subject with a degree of internal autonomy under the Dadiani dynasty, an arrangement which remained in place until 1856. Early rule Grigol was the eldest son of Katsia II Dadiani by his third wife Anna Tsulukidze. In 1788, Grigol, then 18-year-old, succeeded on the death of his father as prince-regnant of Mingrelia. King David II of Imereti made use of his youth to advance his claim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Principality Of Mingrelia
The Principality of Mingrelia ( ka, სამეგრელოს სამთავრო, tr), also known as Odishi and as Samegrelo, was a historical state in Georgia ruled by the Dadiani dynasty. States and territories disestablished in 1867 History The principality emerged out of a non-aggression pact and an ensuing treaty signed by Konstantine II of Kartli, Alexandre of Kakhetia, and Qvarqvare II, '' atabag'' of Samtshke, which divided Georgia into three kingdoms and a number of principalities. Mingrelia was established as an independent Principality in 1557 with Levan I Dadiani serving as a hereditary '' mtavari'' (Prince). It remained independent until it became a subject to Imperial Russia Imperial is that which relates to an empire, emperor/empress, or imperialism. Imperial or The Imperial may also refer to: Places United States * Imperial, California * Imperial, Missouri * Imperial, Nebraska * Imperial, Pennsylvania * ... in 1803. This came after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
