Skip List
In computer science, a skip list (or skiplist) is a Randomized algorithm, probabilistic data structure that allows O(\log n) Average-case complexity, average complexity for search as well as O(\log n) average complexity for insertion within an ordered sequence of n elements. Thus it can get the best features of a sorted Array data structure, array (for searching) while maintaining a linked list-like structure that allows insertion, which is not possible with a static array. Fast search is made possible by maintaining a linked hierarchy of subsequences, with each successive subsequence skipping over fewer elements than the previous one (see the picture below on the right). Searching starts in the sparsest subsequence until two consecutive elements have been found, one smaller and one larger than or equal to the element searched for. Via the linked hierarchy, these two elements link to elements of the next sparsest subsequence, where searching is continued until finally searching in ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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William Pugh (computer Scientist)
William Worthington Pugh Jr. (born 1960) is an American computer scientist who invented the skip list and the Omega test for decidability (logic), deciding Presburger arithmetic. He was the co-author of the static code analysis tool FindBugs, and was highly influential in the development of the current Java Memory Model, memory model of the Java (programming language), Java language. Pugh received a Ph.D. in computer science, with a minor in acting, from Cornell University. His thesis advisor was Tim Teitelbaum. In 2012 he became professor emeritus of the University of Maryland's department of computer science in College Park. He is on the technical advisory board for the static analysis company Fortify Software. References External links Website American computer scientists Living people University of Maryland, College Park faculty 1960 births {{US-compu-bio-stub ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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MemSQL
SingleStore (formerly MemSQL) is a distributed, relational, SQL database management system (RDBMS) that features ANSI SQL support, it is known for speed in data ingest, transaction processing, and query processing. SingleStore stores relational data, JSON data, geospatial data, key-value vector data, and time series data. It can be run in various Linux environments, including on-premises installations, public and private cloud providers, in containers via a Kubernetes operator, or as a hosted service in the cloud known as SingleStore Helios. Recent updates have included bi-directional integration with Apache Iceberg, faster vector search, enhanced full-text search, autoscaling and a ‘bring your own cloud’ deployment. In its latest release, v.8.9, SingleStore added support for continuous ingest from Iceberg tables, as well as Polaris and Hive catalogs, support for foreign languages as well as n-grams in full-text search; simplified pipelines; a no-code interface that simpl ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Non-blocking Algorithm
In computer science, an algorithm is called non-blocking if failure or suspension of any thread cannot cause failure or suspension of another thread; for some operations, these algorithms provide a useful alternative to traditional blocking implementations. A non-blocking algorithm is lock-free if there is guaranteed system-wide progress, and wait-free if there is also guaranteed per-thread progress. "Non-blocking" was used as a synonym for "lock-free" in the literature until the introduction of obstruction-freedom in 2003. The word "non-blocking" was traditionally used to describe telecommunications networks that could route a connection through a set of relays "without having to re-arrange existing calls" (see Clos network). Also, if the telephone exchange "is not defective, it can always make the connection" (see nonblocking minimal spanning switch). Motivation The traditional approach to multi-threaded programming is to use locks to synchronize access to shared resour ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Priority Queue
In computer science, a priority queue is an abstract data type similar to a regular queue (abstract data type), queue or stack (abstract data type), stack abstract data type. In a priority queue, each element has an associated ''priority'', which determines its order of service. Priority queue serves highest priority items first. Priority values have to be instances of an ordered data type, and higher priority can be given either to the lesser or to the greater values with respect to the given order relation. For example, in Java (programming language), Java standard library, ''PriorityQueues the least elements with respect to the order have the highest priority. This implementation detail is without much practical significance, since passing to the converse relation, opposite order relation turns the least values into the greatest, and vice versa. While priority queues are often implemented using Heap (data structure) , heaps, they are conceptually distinct. A priority queue can ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Java (programming Language)
Java is a High-level programming language, high-level, General-purpose programming language, general-purpose, Memory safety, memory-safe, object-oriented programming, object-oriented programming language. It is intended to let programmers ''write once, run anywhere'' (Write once, run anywhere, WORA), meaning that compiler, compiled Java code can run on all platforms that support Java without the need to recompile. Java applications are typically compiled to Java bytecode, bytecode that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer architecture. The syntax (programming languages), syntax of Java is similar to C (programming language), C and C++, but has fewer low-level programming language, low-level facilities than either of them. The Java runtime provides dynamic capabilities (such as Reflective programming, reflection and runtime code modification) that are typically not available in traditional compiled languages. Java gained popularity sh ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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RocksDB
RocksDB is a high performance embedded database for key-value data. It is a fork of Google's LevelDB optimized to exploit multi-core processors (CPUs), and make efficient use of fast storage, such as solid-state drives (SSD), for input/output (I/O) bound workloads. It is based on a log-structured merge-tree (LSM tree) data structure. It is written in C++ and provides official language bindings for C++, C, and Java. Many third-party language bindings exist. RocksDB is free and open-source software, released originally under a BSD 3-clause license. However, in July 2017 the project was migrated to a dual license of both Apache 2.0 and GPLv2 license. This change helped its adoption in Apache Software Foundation's projects after blacklist of the previous BSD+Patents license clause. RocksDB is used in production systems at various web-scale enterprises including Facebook, Yahoo!, and LinkedIn. Features RocksDB, like LevelDB, stores keys and values in arbitrary byte a ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Discord
Discord is an instant messaging and Voice over IP, VoIP social platform which allows communication through Voice over IP, voice calls, Videotelephony, video calls, text messaging, and digital media, media. Communication can be private or take place in virtual communities called "servers".The developer documentation refers to servers as "guilds". A server is a collection of persistent chat rooms and voice channels which can be accessed via invite Hyperlink, links. Discord runs on Microsoft Windows, Windows, macOS, Android (operating system), Android, iOS, iPadOS, Linux, and in web browsers. Discord has about 150 million monthly active users and 19 million weekly active servers. It is primarily used by gamers, although the share of users interested in other topics is growing. Discord is the List of most-visited websites, 30th most visited website in the world, with 22.98% of its traffic coming from the United States. In March 2022, Discord employed 600 people globally. Histo ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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GitHub
GitHub () is a Proprietary software, proprietary developer platform that allows developers to create, store, manage, and share their code. It uses Git to provide distributed version control and GitHub itself provides access control, bug tracking system, bug tracking, software feature requests, task management, continuous integration, and wikis for every project. Headquartered in California, GitHub, Inc. has been a subsidiary of Microsoft since 2018. It is commonly used to host open source software development projects. GitHub reported having over 100 million developers and more than 420 million Repository (version control), repositories, including at least 28 million public repositories. It is the world's largest source code host Over five billion developer contributions were made to more than 500 million open source projects in 2024. About Founding The development of the GitHub platform began on October 19, 2005. The site was launched in April 2008 by Tom ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Redis
Redis (; Remote Dictionary Server) is an in-memory key–value database, used as a distributed cache and message broker, with optional durability. Because it holds all data in memory and because of its design, Redis offers low- latency reads and writes, making it particularly suitable for use cases that require a cache. Redis is the most popular NoSQL database, and one of the most popular databases overall. The project was developed and maintained by Salvatore Sanfilippo, starting in 2009. From 2015 until 2020, he led a project core team sponsored by Redis Ltd. Salvatore Sanfilippo left Redis as the maintainer in 2020. In 2021 Redis Labs dropped the Labs from its name and now is known simply as "Redis". In 2018, some modules for Redis adopted a modified Apache 2.0 with a Commons Clause. In 2024, the main Redis code switched from the open-source BSD-3 license to being dual-licensed under the Redis Source Available License v2 and the Server Side Public License v1. On May ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Qt (framework)
Qt ( pronounced "cute") is a cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as Cross-platform software, cross-platform applications that run on various software and hardware platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, Android (operating system), Android or embedded systems with little or no change in the underlying codebase while still being a native application with native capabilities and speed. Qt is currently being developed by The Qt Company, a publicly listed company, and the Qt Project under open-source governance, involving individual developers and organizations working to advance Qt. Qt is available under both commercial licenses and open-source GNU General Public License, GPL 2.0, GPL 3.0, and GNU Lesser General Public License, LGPL 3.0 licenses. Purposes and abilities Qt is used for developing graphical user interfaces (GUIs) and multi-platform application software, applications that run on all major Desktop computer ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Lucene
Apache Lucene is a free and open-source search engine software library, originally written in Java by Doug Cutting. It is supported by the Apache Software Foundation and is released under the Apache Software License. Lucene is widely used as a standard foundation for production search applications. Lucene has been ported to other programming languages including Object Pascal, Perl, C#, C++, Python, Ruby and PHP. History Doug Cutting originally wrote Lucene in 1999. Lucene was his fifth search engine. He had previously written two while at Xerox PARC, one at Apple, and a fourth at Excite. It was initially available for download from its home at the SourceForge web site. It joined the Apache Software Foundation's Jakarta family of open-source Java products in September 2001 and became its own top-level Apache project in February 2005. The name Lucene is Doug Cutting's wife's middle name and her maternal grandmother's first name. Lucene formerly included a number of sub-p ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Cyrus IMAP Server
The Cyrus IMAP server is electronic mail server software developed by Carnegie Mellon University. It differs from other Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) server implementations in that it is generally intended to be run on sealed servers, where normal users cannot log in. Overview The mail spool uses a filesystem layout and format similar to the Maildir format used by other popular email servers such as qmail, Courier, Dovecot, etc. Users can access mail through the JMAP, IMAP/IMAP-S, POP3/POP3-S or KPOP protocols. The Cyrus IMAP server supports server-side mail filtering through the implementation of a mail filtering language called Sieve. The private mailbox database design gives the server considerable advantages in efficiency, scalability, and administratability. Multiple concurrent read/write connections to the same mailbox are permitted. The server supports access control lists on mailboxes and storage quotas on mailbox hierarchies. As of version 2.4.17, the ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |