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Sir John Richard Robinson
Sir John Richard Robinson (2 November 1828 – 30 November 1903) was an English journalist, manager and editor of the ''Daily News''. He was also a prominent member of the London based Reform Club and Guild of Literature and Art. Early life and family Born on 2 November 1828 at Witham, Essex, Robinson was the second son of eight children of Richard Robinson, a congregational minister. His wife Sarah was the daughter of John Dennant, also a congregational minister, of Halesworth, Suffolk. At eleven years of age, Robinson entered the school for the sons of congregational ministers at Lewisham. Withdrawn from school on 26 June 1843, he was then apprenticed to a firm of booksellers in Shepton Mallet, Somerset. On 14 July 1859, Robinson married Jane Mapes (died 11 July 1876). She was the youngest daughter of William Granger of the Grange, Wickham Bishops, Essex; and by her he had two sons and one daughter. Robinson was a paternal uncle to the notable British writer, journalis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Witham
Witham () is a town and civil parish in the Braintree district, in the county of Essex, England. In the 2011 census, it had a population of 25,353. It is twinned with the town of Waldbröl, Germany. Witham stands on the Roman road between the cities of Chelmsford ( south-west) and Colchester ( north-east). The River Brain runs through the town and joins the River Blackwater on the outskirts. History Early history Excavations by Essex County Council Field Archaeological unit at the recent Maltings Lane development discovered evidence of Neolithic occupation at Witham, including human remains and several trackways across ancient marsh. Excavations of the Witham Lodge (Ivy Chimneys) area of the town in the 1970s unveiled remains of a Roman temple as well as a pottery kiln. This would have been alongside the main Roman road from Colchester to London and used as a stopover point on the long journey. Another notable find during the excavation was a votive offering pool in the gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Weekly Chronicle
The ''Weekly Chronicle'' was a London newspaper, in existence from 18 September 1836 to 21 December 1867. It went under the title ''Weekly News and Chronicle'' from June 1851 to December 1854. Reverting then to the original title, it was the ''Weekly Chronicle and Register'' from December 1855. The MP Henry George Ward bought the paper in 1837 from its founders Charles Buller and Henry Cole, and used it to campaign for his views. It was loss-making at the original cover price of 3''d''.; Ward raised that to 4''d''. and then 6''d''. During the Chartist movement of 1838–39, Ward used the ''Weekly Chronicle'' to take the line in February 1839 that the agitation was failing, and its supporters would do better to rally behind Lord Durham Earl of Durham is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1833 for the Whig politician and colonial official John Lambton, 1st Baron Durham. Known as "Radical Jack", he played a leading role in the passing of the Refo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Ewart Gladstone
William Ewart Gladstone ( ; 29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British politican, starting as Conservative MP for Newark and later becoming the leader of the Liberal Party (UK), Liberal Party. In a career lasting over 60 years, he was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for 12 years, spread over four non-consecutive terms (the most of any British prime minister) beginning in 1868 and ending in 1894. He also was Chancellor of the Exchequer four times, for over 12 years. He was a Member of Parliament (United Kingdom), Member of Parliament (MP) for 60 years, from 1832 to 1845 and from 1847 to 1895; during that time he represented a total of five Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, constituencies. Gladstone was born in Liverpool to Scottish people, Scottish parents. He first entered the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons in 1832, beginning his political career as a High Tory, a grouping that became the Conservative Party (UK), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter William Clayden
Peter William Clayden (20 October 1827 – 19 February 1902) was a British Nonconformist and Liberal journalist and author.G. S. Woods, �Clayden, Peter William (1827–1902)��, rev. H. C. G. Matthew, ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 31 Aug 2012. Life Clayden was a Unitarian minister from 1855 to 1868. He edited the '' Boston Guardian'' and wrote on political and social topics for the ''Edinburgh Review'' and the ''Cornhill Magazine''. He strongly supported the North in the American Civil War. In 1866 he started to write for the '' Daily News'', relinquishing his ministry in 1868 to become a member of its regular staff in London as a leader writer and assistant editor. In 1887 he was appointed night editor, which he would hold until 1896. Clayden strongly supported William Ewart Gladstone's anti-Turkish stance over the Eastern Question and chronicled his times from a Liberal perspective in various books. He wrote (or compiled ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugene Schuyler
Eugene Schuyler (February 26, 1840 – July 16, 1890) was a nineteenth-century United States, American scholar, writer, explorer and diplomat. Schuyler was one of the first three Americans to earn a Ph.D. from an American university; and the first American translator of Ivan Turgenev and Lev Tolstoi. He was the first American diplomat to visit Russian Central Asia, and as American Consul General in Istanbul he played a key role in publicizing Turkish atrocities in Bulgaria in 1876 during the April Uprising. He was the first American Minister (diplomacy), Minister to Romania and Serbia, and U.S. Minister to Greece. Early life Schuyler was born in Ithaca, New York, Ithaca, New York (state), New York, on February 26, 1840. He was the son of Matilda (née Scribner) Schuyler and George W. Schuyler, a drugstore owner in Ithaca, New York, who later was elected New York State Treasurer and served as a member of the New York State Assembly. Schuyler's siblings included Walter S. Schuyl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Januarius Aloysius MacGahan
Januarius Aloysius MacGahan ( ; June 12, 1844 – June 9, 1878) was an American journalist and war correspondent working for the ''New York Herald'' and the London '' Daily News''. His articles describing the massacre of Bulgarian civilians by Turkish soldiers and irregular volunteers in 1876 created public outrage in Europe, and were a major factor in preventing Britain from supporting Turkey in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, which led to Bulgaria gaining independence from the Ottoman Empire. Youth and education Januarius Aloysius MacGahan was born near New Lexington, Ohio on June 12, 1844. His father was an immigrant from Ireland who had served on HMS ''Northumberland'', the ship which took Napoleon into exile on St. Helena. MacGahan moved to St. Louis, where he worked briefly as a teacher and as a journalist. There he met his cousin, General Philip Sheridan, a Civil War hero also of Irish parentage, who convinced him to study law in Europe. He sailed to Brussels in De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batak Massacre
The Batak massacre was a massacre of Bulgarians in the town of Batak by Ottoman irregular cavalry troops in 1876, at the beginning of the Bulgarian April Uprising of 1876. The estimate for the number of casualties ranges from 1,200 to 8,000, depending on source, with the most common estimate being 5,000 casualties. The indiscriminate slaughter of non-combatant civilians at Batak shocked the general public in Western Europe and came to be known in the press as the ''Bulgarian Horrors'' and the ''Crime of the Century''. The scale of the atrocities caused British commissioner Walter Baring, who had been dispatched by the British embassy in Constantinople to verify the events, to describe the tragedy "''as perhaps the most heinous crime that has stained the history of the present century''". The events at Batak caused a public outcry across Europe, mobilized ordinary people and famous intellectuals to demand a reform of the Ottoman model of governance of the Bulgarian lands, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edwin Pears
Sir Edwin Pears (18 March 1835 – 27 November 1919) was a British barrister, author and historian. He lived in Constantinople (now Istanbul) for about forty years and he is known for his 1911 book ''Turkey and its People''. Early life Pears was born on 18 March 1835 in York, England. He was educated privately and at the University of London where he took first-class honours in Roman law and jurisprudence. Pears was called to the Bar at Middle Temple in 1870. He was also private secretary to Frederick Temple, then Bishop of Exeter, and later Archbishop of Canterbury. Pears was also secretary to various associations connected with social work in London. Constantinople Pears settled in Constantinople in 1873. He practised in the consular courts and became president of the European bar there. He rose to become one of the leaders of the British colony in Constantinople. Pears travelled much through Turkish dominions, and studied Turkish history from both the Turkish and foreig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Edwin Hilary Skinner
John Edwin Hilary Skinner (1839–1894) was an English barrister and journalist, known as a war correspondent. Life The elder son of Allen Maclean Skinner, Q.C., and a descendant of Matthew Skinner, was born in London in January 1839, and educated at London University, where he graduated LL.D. in 1861. In the same year he was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, and went the northern circuit. A good linguist, he obtained a commission from the '' Daily News'' as special correspondent with the Danish Army in the Second Schleswig War. He was present during the campaign down to the Battle of Als at the end of June, when Christian IX of Denmark presented him with the Dannebrog order. He visited America, and then reported the Austro-Prussian War of 1866. In 1867 Skinner ran the blockade into Crete, then part of the Ottoman Empire. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, he was attached to the staff of the Crown Prince of Prussia's staff, and described the war from the battle of Wörth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archibald Forbes
Archibald Forbes (17 April 183830 March 1900) was a Scottish war correspondent. Early life and family He was the son of Very Rev Lewis William Forbes DD (1794–1854), minister of Boharm, Banffshire, and Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1852, and his second wife, Elizabeth Leslie, daughter of Archibald Young Leslie of Kininvie. He was born in Morayshire in 1838. After studying at the University of Aberdeen from 1854 to 1857, he went to Edinburgh, and after hearing a course of lectures by (Sir) William Howard Russell, the famous correspondent, he enlisted in the Royal Dragoons. While still a trooper he began writing for the ''Morning Star'', and succeeded in getting several papers on military subjects accepted by the ''Cornhill Magazine''. Early career On being invalided from the army in 1867, he started and ran with very little external aid a weekly journal called the ''London Scotsman'' (1867–1871). His chance as a war correspondent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franco-Prussian War
The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. Lasting from 19 July 1870 to 28 January 1871, the conflict was caused primarily by France's determination to reassert its dominant position in continental Europe, which appeared in question following the decisive Austro-Prussian War, Prussian victory over Austria in 1866. According to some historians, Prussian chancellor Otto von Bismarck deliberately provoked the French into declaring war on Prussia in order to induce four independent southern German states—Grand Duchy of Baden, Baden, Kingdom of Württemberg, Württemberg, Kingdom of Bavaria, Bavaria and Grand Duchy of Hesse, Hesse-Darmstadt—to join the North German Confederation. Other historians contend that Bismarck exploited the circumstances as they unfolded. All agree that Bismarck recognized the potential for new ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi ( , ;In his native Ligurian language, he is known as (). In his particular Niçard dialect of Ligurian, he was known as () or (). 4 July 1807 – 2 June 1882) was an Italian general, revolutionary and republican. He contributed to Italian unification (Risorgimento) and the creation of the Kingdom of Italy. He is considered to be one of Italy's " fathers of the fatherland", along with Camillo Benso di Cavour, King Victor Emmanuel II and Giuseppe Mazzini. Garibaldi is also known as the "Hero of the Two Worlds" because of his military enterprises in South America and Europe. Garibaldi was a follower of the Italian nationalist Mazzini and embraced the republican nationalism of the Young Italy movement. He became a supporter of Italian unification under a democratic republican government. However, breaking with Mazzini, he pragmatically allied himself with the monarchist Cavour and Kingdom of Sardinia in the struggle for independence, subordinati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
