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Simple Internet Transition
6in4, sometimes referred to as SIT, is an IPv6 transition mechanism for migrating from Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) to IPv6. It is a tunneling protocol that encapsulates IPv6 packets on specially configured IPv4 links according to the specifications of . The IP protocol number for 6in4 is ''41'', per IANA reservation. The 6in4 packet format consists of the IPv6 packet preceded by an IPv4 packet header. Thus, the encapsulation overhead is the size of the IPv4 header of 20 bytes. On Ethernet with a maximum transmission unit (MTU) of 1500 bytes, IPv6 packets of 1480 bytes may therefore be transmitted without fragmentation. 6in4 tunneling is also referred to as ''proto-41 static'' because the endpoints are configured statically. Although 6in4 tunnels are generally manually configured, the utility AICCU can configure tunnel parameters automatically after retrieving information from a Tunnel Information and Control Protocol (TIC) server. The similarly named methods 6to4 or 6ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IPv6 Transition Mechanism
An IPv6 transition mechanism is a technology that facilitates the transitioning of the Internet from the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) infrastructure in use since 1983 to the successor addressing and routing system of Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6). As IPv4 and IPv6 networks are not directly interoperable, transition technologies are designed to permit hosts on either network type to communicate with any other host. To meet its technical criteria, IPv6 must have a straightforward transition plan from the current IPv4. The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) conducts working groups and discussions through the IETF Internet Drafts and Request for Comments processes to develop these transition technologies towards that goal. Some basic IPv6 transition mechanisms are defined in RFC 4213. Stateless IP/ICMP Translation Stateless IP/ ICMP Translation (SIIT) translates between the packet header formats in IPv6 and IPv4. The SIIT method defines a class of IPv6 addresses cal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IPv4
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) is the first version of the Internet Protocol (IP) as a standalone specification. It is one of the core protocols of standards-based internetworking methods in the Internet and other packet-switched networks. IPv4 was the first version deployed for production on SATNET in 1982 and on the ARPANET in January 1983. It is still used to route most Internet traffic today, even with the ongoing deployment of Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6), its successor. IPv4 uses a 32-bit address space which provides 4,294,967,296 (232) unique addresses, but large blocks are reserved for special networking purposes. Purpose The Internet Protocol ("IP") is the protocol that defines and enables internetworking at the internet layer of the Internet Protocol Suite. It gives the Internet a global-scale logical addressing system which allows the routing of IP Network packet, data packets from a source host to the next router that is one Hop (networking), hop closer t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IPv6
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communication protocol, communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet. IPv6 was developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to deal with the long-anticipated problem of IPv4 address exhaustion, and was intended to replace IPv4. In December 1998, IPv6 became a Draft Standard for the IETF, which subsequently ratified it as an Internet Standard on 14 July 2017. Devices on the Internet are assigned a unique IP address for identification and location definition. With the rapid growth of the Internet after commercialization in the 1990s, it became evident that far more addresses would be needed to connect devices than the 4,294,967,296 (232) IPv4 address space had available. By 1998, the IETF had formalized the successor protocol, IPv6 which uses 128-bit addresses, theoretically all ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tunneling Protocol
In computer networks, a tunneling protocol is a communication protocol which allows for the movement of data from one network to another. They can, for example, allow private network communications to be sent across a public network (such as the Internet), or for one network protocol to be carried over an incompatible network, through a process called encapsulation. Because tunneling involves repackaging the traffic data into a different form, perhaps with encryption as standard, it can hide the nature of the traffic that is run through a tunnel. Tunneling protocols work by using the data portion of a packet (the payload) to carry the packets that actually provide the service. Tunneling uses a layered protocol model such as those of the OSI or TCP/IP protocol suite, but usually violates the layering when using the payload to carry a service not normally provided by the network. Typically, the delivery protocol operates at an equal or higher level in the layered model than the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IP Protocol Number
This is a list of the IP protocol numbers found in the 8-bit ''Protocol'' field of the IPv4 header and the 8-bit ''Next Header'' field of the IPv6 header. It is an identifier for the encapsulated protocol and determines the layout of the data that immediately follows the header. Because both fields are eight bits wide, the possible values are limited to the 256 values from 0 (0x00) to 255 (0xFF), of which just over half had been allocated Protocol numbers are maintained and published by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). {, class="wikitable" , - ! class="nomobile" , Hex ! Protocol Number !! Keyword !! Protocol !! References/ RFC , - , style="text-align:right" class="nomobile" , 0x00 , style="text-align:right" , 0 , HOPOPT , IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Option , , - , style="text-align:right" class="nomobile" , 0x01 , style="text-align:right" , 1 , ICMP , Internet Control Message Protocol , , - , style="text-align:right" class="nomobile" , 0x02 , style="text-a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maximum Transmission Unit
In computer networking, the maximum transmission unit (MTU) is the size of the largest protocol data unit (PDU) that can be communicated in a single network layer transaction. The MTU relates to, but is not identical to the maximum frame size that can be transported on the data link layer, e.g., Ethernet frame. Larger MTU is associated with reduced overhead. Smaller MTU values can reduce network delay. In many cases, MTU is dependent on underlying network capabilities and must be adjusted manually or automatically so as to not exceed these capabilities. MTU parameters may appear in association with a communications interface or standard. Some systems may decide MTU at connect time, e.g. using Path MTU Discovery. Applicability MTUs apply to communications protocols and network layers. The MTU is specified in terms of bytes or octets of the largest PDU that the layer can pass onwards. MTU parameters usually appear in association with a communications interface ( NIC, serial port, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AICCU
AICCU (Automatic IPv6 Connectivity Client Utility) was a popularSixXS Usage showing the number of tunnels of the SixXS service, most were using AICCU to set the tunnel up cross-platform utility for automatically configuring an . It is available under a . The utility was originally provided for the SixXS Tunnel Broker but it can a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6to4
6to4 is an Internet transition mechanism for migrating from Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) to version 6 (IPv6) and a system that allows IPv6 packets to be transmitted over an IPv4 network (generally the IPv4 Internet) without the need to configure explicit tunnels. Special relay servers are also in place that allow 6to4 networks to communicate with native IPv6 networks. - Connection of IPv6 Domains via IPv4 Clouds 6to4 is especially relevant during the initial phases of deployment to full, native IPv6 connectivity, since IPv6 is not required on nodes between the host and the destination. However, it is intended only as a transition mechanism and is not meant to be used permanently. 6to4 may be used by an individual host, or by a local IPv6 network. When used by a host, it must have a global IPv4 address connected, and the host is responsible for encapsulation of outgoing IPv6 packets and decapsulation of incoming 6to4 packets. If the host is configured to forward packet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6over4
6over4 is an IPv6 transition mechanism meant to transmit IPv6 packets between dual-stack nodes on top of a multicast-enabled IPv4 network. IPv4 is used as a virtual data link layer (''virtual Ethernet'') on which IPv6 can be run. How 6over4 works 6over4 defines a trivial method for generating a link-local IPv6 address from an IPv4 address, and a mechanism to perform Neighbor Discovery on top of IPv4. Link-local address generation Any host wishing to participate in 6over4 over a given IPv4 network can set up a virtual IPv6 network interface. The link-local address is determined as follows : * it starts with fe80:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000, or fe80:: for short, * the lower-order 32 bits to the binary value must be that of the IPv4 address of the host. For example, host 192.0.2.142 would use fe80:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:c000:028e as its link-local IPv6 address (192.0.2.142 is c000028e in hexadecimal notation). A shortened notation would be fe80::c000:028e. Multicast Address Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Network Address Translation
Network address translation (NAT) is a method of mapping an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic Router (computing), routing device. The technique was initially used to bypass the need to assign a new address to every host when a network was moved, or when the upstream Internet service provider was replaced but could not route the network's address space. It is a popular and essential tool in conserving global address space in the face of IPv4 address exhaustion. One Internet-routable IP address of a NAT gateway can be used for an entire private network. As network address translation modifies the IP address information in packets, NAT implementations may vary in their specific behavior in various addressing cases and their effect on network traffic. Vendors of equipment containing NAT implementations do not commonly document the specifics of NAT behavior. History Internet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DMZ (computing)
In computer security, a DMZ or demilitarized zone (sometimes referred to as a perimeter network or screened subnet) is a physical or logical subnetwork that contains and exposes an organization's external-facing services to an untrusted, usually larger, network such as the Internet. The purpose of a DMZ is to add an additional layer of security to an organization's local area network (LAN): an external network node can access only what is exposed in the DMZ, while the rest of the organization's network is protected behind a Firewall (computing), firewall. The DMZ functions as a small, isolated network positioned between the Internet and the private network. This is not to be confused with a #DMZ_host, DMZ host, a feature present in some home routers that frequently differs greatly from an ordinary DMZ. The name is from the term ''demilitarized zone'', an area between states in which military operations are not permitted. Rationale The DMZ is seen as not belonging to either netwo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IP Address Spoofing
In computer networking, IP address spoofing or IP spoofing is the creation of Internet Protocol (IP) packets with a false source IP address, for the purpose of impersonating another computing system. Background The basic protocol for sending data over the Internet network and many other computer networks is the Internet Protocol (IP). The protocol specifies that each IP packet must have a header which contains (among other things) the IP address of the sender of the packet. The source IP address is normally the address that the packet was sent from, but the sender's address in the header can be altered, so that to the recipient it appears that the packet came from another source. The protocol requires the receiving computer to send back a response to the source IP address therefore spoofing is mainly used when the sender can anticipate the network response or does not care about the response. The source IP address provides only limited information about the sender. It may pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
