Siek (landform)
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Siek (landform)
''Siek'' is a north German term for a wet depression, hollow or lowland area. It is mainly used to describe typical cultural landscape elements in eastern Westphalia, especially in the county of Kreis Lippe, Lippe and in the region of Ravensberg Land. In East Westphalia "siek" is a very common component of the names of tracts of land, roads, places and even personal names, e.g. ''Heidsiek'', ''Siekhorst'', ''Im Siek'', ''Siekmann'' and ''Sieker (Bielefeld), Sieker''. Origins The fertile loess soils in this region of north Germany are dissected by a host of brooks and headstreams, which used to flow in marshy V-shaped valleys. Not all ''Sieke'' are or were, however, crossed by a stream, but at the very least they always consisted of wet ground. During the course of medieval and early modern cultural and agricultural history, people developed these natural landforms by cutting into the edges of the V-shaped valleys (so-called ''Wiesenbrechen'' by Wiesenmacher, ''Wiskenmaker''Ado ...
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Grassland
A grassland is an area where the vegetation is dominance (ecology), dominated by grasses (Poaceae). However, sedge (Cyperaceae) and rush (Juncaceae) can also be found along with variable proportions of legumes such as clover, and other Herbaceous plant, herbs. Grasslands occur naturally on all continents except Antarctica and are found in most ecoregions of the Earth. Furthermore, grasslands are one of the largest biomes on Earth and dominate the landscape worldwide. There are different types of grasslands: natural grasslands, semi-natural grasslands, and agricultural grasslands. They cover 31–69% of the Earth's land area. Definitions Included among the variety of definitions for grasslands are: * "...any plant community, including harvested forages, in which grasses and/or legumes make up the dominant vegetation." * "...terrestrial ecosystems dominated by herbaceous and shrub vegetation, and maintained by fire, grazing, drought and/or freezing temperatures." (Pilot Assessm ...
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Landforms
A landform is a land feature on the solid surface of the Earth or other planetary body. They may be natural or may be anthropogenic (caused or influenced by human activity). Landforms together make up a given terrain, and their arrangement in the landscape is known as topography. Landforms include hills, mountains, canyons, and valleys, as well as shoreline features such as bays, peninsulas, and seas, including submerged features such as mid-ocean ridges, volcanoes, and the great oceanic basins. Physical characteristics Landforms are categorized by characteristic physical attributes such as elevation, slope, orientation, structure stratification, rock exposure, and soil type. Gross physical features or landforms include intuitive elements such as berms, cliffs, hills, mounds, peninsulas, ridges, rivers, valleys, volcanoes, and numerous other structural and size-scaled (e.g. ponds vs. lakes, hills vs. mountains) elements including various kinds of inland and oceani ...
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Siepen
''Siepen'', ''Siefen'', ''Seifen'' or ''Seipen'' are typical regional words used in northwestern Germany for what are often narrow, wet, ravine-like V-shaped valleys of the German Central Uplands with their small headstreams. In the south German region, such valley forms are usually called '' Klingen.'' These words often form a part of placenames especially in the area from the centralz. B. in Herne, vergl. and southern Ruhrgebiet southwards as far as southern Westphalia (Sauerland), as well as in the adjacent regions of Bergisches Land, Siegerland and southern Rhineland. In North Hesse the term is found in the old Lower Saxon dialect area in the counties of Waldeck-Frankenberg to Korbach and Bad Arolsen. The word is derived from the Middle Low German word ''sîpe'' "wet depression" or "little stream, brook", the verb ''sîpen'' means "trickle, drip". Grammatically ''siepen'' has a neuter or masculine gender. The word forms ''Siefen'' and ''Seif'' are common in the Franc ...
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Kilverbach
Kilverbach is a small river on the border of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is 8.4 km long and flows into the Else as a left tributary south of Rödinghausen. See also *List of rivers of Lower Saxony *List of rivers of North Rhine-Westphalia A list of rivers of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany: A B C * Calenberger Bach * Casumer Bach * Compbach D * Dalke * Dammpader * Darmühlenbach * Deilbach * Derenbach * Dettmers Bach * Dhünn * Dichbach * Dickopsbach * Dielenpader * Diemel * ... References Rivers of Lower Saxony Rivers of North Rhine-Westphalia Rivers of Germany {{NorthRhineWestphalia-river-stub ...
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Carr (landform)
A carr is a type of waterlogged wooded terrain that, typically, represents a Ecological succession, succession stage between the original reedy marsh and the likely eventual formation of forest in a sub-maritime climate.Whittow, John (1984). ''Dictionary of Physical Geography''. London: Penguin, 1984. . Carrs are wetlands that are dominated by shrubs rather than trees. The carr is one stage in a hydrosere: the progression of vegetation beginning from a terrain submerged by fresh water along a river or lake margin. In sub-maritime regions, it begins with Reed bed, reed-marsh. As the reeds decay, the soil surface eventually rises above the water, creating fens that allow vegetation such as sedge to grow. As this progression continues, riparian zone, riparian trees and bushes appear and a carr landscape is created – in effect a wooded fen in a waterlogged terrain. At this stage, overall, unlike the overwhelming acidity of decaying reeds, the pH is not too acidic and the soil is not ...
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Black Alder
Black alder is a common name for several plants and may refer to: *''Alnus glutinosa'', native to Europe and widely naturalized *''Ilex verticillata ''Ilex verticillata'', the winterberry, is a species of holly native to eastern North America in the United States and southeast Canada, from Newfoundland west to Ontario and Minnesota, and south to Alabama. Other names that have been used incl ...'', native to eastern North America {{Short pages monitor ...
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Mowing
A mower is a person or machine that cuts (mows) grass or other plants that grow on the ground. Usually mowing is distinguished from reaping, which uses similar implements, but is the traditional term for harvesting grain crops, e.g. with reapers and combines. A smaller mower used for lawns and sports grounds (playing fields) is called a ''lawn mower'' or ''grounds mower'', which is often self-powered, or may also be small enough to be pushed by the operator. Grounds mowers have reel or rotary cutters. Larger mowers or '' mower-conditioners'' are mainly used to cut grass (or other crops) for hay or silage and often place the cut material into rows, which are referred to as ''windrows''. '' Swathers'' (or ''windrowers'') are also used to cut grass (and grain crops). Prior to the invention and adoption of mechanized mowers, (and today in places where use a mower is impractical or uneconomical), grass and grain crops were cut by hand using scythes or sickles. Mower configuratio ...
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Plaggenesch
Plaggen soil or plaggic anthrosol is a type of soil created in parts of northwest Europe in the Middle Ages, as a result of so-called "plaggen" agriculture on marginal podzol soils. In order to fertilize the fields, pieces of heath or grass including roots and humus ("plaggen") were cut and used as bedding for cattle or sheep. In springtime, this bedding, enriched with slurry was then spread over the fields near the village as manure. The long term practice of this form of agriculture created a rich agricultural soil to a depth of between 40 cm and over 1.50 m, unlike modern arable soils, which tend to be just 30 centimetres deep. The raised fields give rise to a typical landscape with sharp breaks in elevation and are called Plaggenesche in Germany or ''Es'' in Dutch. This form of agriculture stopped around 1900 with the introduction of fertilizers. In Orkney these soils were created already in the 12th to 13th centuries, and on some islands in Shetland these methods continu ...
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Kuppe
A ''Kuppe'' is the term used in German-speaking central Europe for a mountain or hill with a rounded summit that has no rock formation, such as a tor, on it. A range of such hills is called a ''Kuppengebirge''. In geology the term also refers to corresponding stratigraphic forms. The term is similar to the English topographical and geological terms, knoll and dome.''Elsevier's Dictionary of Geography: in English, Russian, French, Spanish and ...''
p. 198, by Vladimir Kotlyakov, Anna Komarova. Retrieved 5 Jul 2014. It is also analogous to the French word ''ballon'' which means a mountain with a rounded summit. In cartography in German-speaking countries, the term i ...
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