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Siege Of Zierikzee (1351)
The siege of Zierikzee (1351) took place during the first of the Hook and Cod wars. Prelude The city of Zierikzee In the middle ages Zierikzee was a town of substantial importance. At the time, the Eastern Scheldt was the main branch of the Scheldt., which made Zierikzee a relevant sea-port. The Western Scheldt, was at that time too shallow to allow sea-going ships to reach Antwerp. In the early the middle ages, the islands of Schouwen, Duiveland, Dreischor, and Bommenede, which now form Schouwen-Duiveland were still separate. Schouwen and Dreischor were joined in 1374. Schouwen and Duiveland were joined in 1610. Bommenede was flooded repeatedly and was temporarily abandoned in 1684. The Gouwe (Schouwen-Duiveland), Gouwe, which divided Schouwen from Duiveland, was a wide, but shallow estuary. Together with the Bernisse separating Voorne from Putten, the Gouwe formed an (inland) shipping route between Holland and Vlaanderen, which provided Zierikzee with access to inland sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hook And Cod Wars
The Hook and Cod wars (; sometimes semi-anglicised as the wars of the Hoecks and the Cabbeljaws) comprise a series of wars and battles in the County of Holland between 1350 and 1490. Most of these wars were fought over who should hold the title of " Count of Holland". The Cod faction generally consisted of the more progressive cities of Holland. The Hook faction consisted for a large part of the conservative noblemen. The origin of the name "Cod" remains uncertain, but is most likely a case of reappropriation. Perhaps it derives from the Bavarian coat of arms, which resemble the scales of a fish. The ''Hook'' refers to the hooked stick that is used to catch cod. Another possible explanation of "Cod" points out that as a cod grows it tends to eat more, growing even bigger and eating even more, thus encapsulating how the noblemen perhaps saw the expanding middle classes of the time. Aftermath of William IV's reign (1345–1349) The reign of William IV of Holland and the w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William II, Count Of Hainaut
William II (1307 – 26 September 1345) was Count of Hainaut from 1337 until his death. He was also Count of Holland (as William IV) and Count of Zeeland. He succeeded his father, Count William I of Hainaut. While away fighting in Prussia, the Frisians revolted. William returned home and was killed at the Battle of Warns. Life William was born in 1307, the son of William I of Hainaut and Joan of Valois. In 1334, he married Joanna, Duchess of Brabant, the daughter and heiress of John III, Duke of Brabant, but had no issue. He fought in France as an ally of the English (he was the brother-in-law of King Edward III of England). In 1339, William participated in the Siege of Cambrai (1339). In 1345, two months before he died, he , because the bishop, John van Arkel, was trying to regain the bishopric's historical independence from Holland. William fought against the Saracens, and went on crusade with the Teutonic Order in Prussia. He was killed near Stavoren, during one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Van Boendale
Jan van Boendale (c.1280 – c.1351), formerly sometimes known as Jan De Klerk ("Jan the Clerk") was a 14th-century secretary of the city of Antwerp and author of narrative and didactic verse.Ph. Blommaert, "Boendale (Jean)", ''Biographie Nationale de Belgique''vol. 2(Brussels, 1868), 587-591. Two of his works, '' Brabantsche yeesten'' and '' Der leken spieghel'', are listed in the Canon of Dutch Literature compiled by the Digital Library for Dutch Literature. Life Jan was born in Boendale, near Tervuren, around 1280. He moved to Antwerp, where he became secretary to the city council, and lived there until his death around 1351. He undertook a number of diplomatic missions on behalf of the city of Antwerp or of the States of Brabant, and in 1332 was present in the entourage of John III, Duke of Brabant, at Heylissem. Works *''Brabantsche yeesten'' (a history of the duchy of Brabant) *''Der leken spieghel'' (a history of salvation) *''Jans Testeye'' (a dialogue on controverted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safe Conduct
Safe conduct, safe passage, or letters of transit, is the situation in time of international conflict or war where one state, a party to such conflict, issues to a person (usually, an enemy state's subject) a pass or document to allow the enemy alien to traverse its territory without harassment, bodily harm, or fear of death. Safe conduct is only granted in exceptional circumstances. It may be given to an enemy to allow retreat (military), retreat under Surrender (military), surrender terms, or for a meeting to negotiate; to a stateless person; or to somebody who for some reason would normally not be able to pass. A vanquished enemy can also be given, or offered quarter, i.e. be spared, be promised or guaranteed mercy. The term 'safe conduct' is also used to mean the document authorizing this security. In Islamic law, safe conduct or pledge of safety (''Aman (Islam), amān'') can be granted to foreigners or dhimmi residents (''musta'min'') while they travel or reside in Islamic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Zwartewaal
The Battle of Zwartewaal (or Battle near Vlaardingen) was a decisive naval battle during the Hook and Cod wars. Context The first phase of the Hook and Cod wars was fought between William I, Duke of Bavaria and his mother Margaret, Countess of Hainaut. At the time William was commonly known as William of Bavaria, or William the waiting. Later he became known as William V of Holland. He would be supported by the Cod party. Margaret, Countess of Hainaut was also the acknowledged Countess of Holland and Zeeland. All of which was to be inherited by her son. She was supported by the Hook party. William was lieutenant for his mother in Holland and Zeeland. After a first attempt to seize power from his mother in Holland, William was placed in confinement in Hainault. In February 1351 some Cod nobles freed William of Bavaria from Burbant Castle in Ath and brought him to Holland. William then formally allied himself with the Cod party, which acknowledged him as their count. He al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Domburg
Domburg is a seaside resort on the North Sea, on the northwest coast of Walcheren in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Veere, and lies about 11 km northwest of the city of Middelburg, the provincial capital. Demographics In 2010, the town of Domburg had 1,490 inhabitants, up from 1,251 in 2001. The built-up area of the town was 0.78 km2, and contained 881 residences. History The area of Domburg has been inhabited since at least 4,000 BCE. In 1647 after heavy storms on the beach of Domburg a sanctuary was discovered with around 40 stones with Latin inscriptions and carvings of several gods, among them of Neptune (sea) and Mercury (trade), but the majority of a local female deity: Nehalennia who appears to have protected both trade and shipping. According to the inscriptions the stones were erected by tradesmen and captains to fulfil their vows after a safe journey, mentioning explicitly on one stone a merchant of pottery doing business ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Veere
The Battle of Veere was a small naval battle that took place in late May 1351 during the Hook and Cod wars. Context Just like the County of Holland, the County of Zeeland had been very restive after the death of the last male Avesnes family, Avesnes count William II, Count of Hainaut, William IV of Holland and Zeeland. In 1349-1350 William I, Duke of Bavaria, William of Bavaria attempted to become count of Holland and Zeeland without keeping the conditions his mother Margaret, Countess of Hainaut had demanded. In April 1350 William went to Hainaut and submitted to his mother, and that seemed the end of William's rule. However, in August 1350 an assassination led to open rebellion. Delft, a number of other cities north of the Hollandse IJssel and some nobles formed an alliance later known as the Cod Alliance Treaty, Cod faction. They attacked the perpetrators, and refused to submit to Margaret's authority. In order to secure her authority in Zeeland, Margaret travelled from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reimerswaal (city)
Reimerswaal () is a lost city in the Netherlands. The present-day Reimerswaal (municipality), municipality of Reimerswaal is named after this city, which was granted City rights in the Netherlands, city rights in 1374. The city was destroyed by repeated floods, and the last citizens left in 1632. Nothing remains. It was located north of the current municipality, on the east end of the Oosterschelde, on land which is now called the ''Verdronken Land van Reimerswaal'' ("Drowned Land of Reimerswaal"). The site of the city has been recognized as a national archeological monument and is buried under the Oesterdam. References Former populated places in the Netherlands History of Zeeland Reimerswaal (municipality) {{Zeeland-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County Of Hainaut
The County of Hainaut ( ; ; ; ), sometimes spelled Hainault, was a territorial lordship within the medieval Holy Roman Empire that straddled the present-day border of Belgium and France. Its most important towns included Mons, Belgium, Mons (), now in Belgium, and Valenciennes, now in France. The core of the county, named after the river Haine, stretched southeast to include the ''Avesnois'' region and southwest to the Selle (Scheldt tributary). In the Middle Ages, its Counts also gained control of part of the original Pagus of Brabant, ''pagus'' of Brabant to its north and the ''pagus'' of Oosterbant to the east, but they did not form part of the old ''pagus'' of Hainaut. In modern terms, the original core of Hainaut consisted of the central part of the Belgian province of Hainaut (province) , Hainaut, and the eastern part of the French ''département'' of Nord (département) , Nord (the Arrondissements of France, arrondissements of Arrondissement of Avesnes-sur-Helpe, Avesnes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wolfert III Van Borselen
Wolfert III van Borselen was Lord of Veere and Zandenburg. Family The Van Borselen family originated from Borsele, a village on the former island of Zuid-Beveland. In the first half of the thirteenth century, a branch of this family settled on Walcheren. It soon founded the small city of Veere. In 1312 Wolfert III's father Wolfert II van Borselen married Aleid, natural daughter of John II, Count of Holland (1247-1304). They had only a son Wolfert III. Others say they also had a daughter Cibilie, or perhaps Kateline. On 30 May 1316 Wolfert II made a contract about his grandfather's estate with his brothers Sir Florence, Frank and Claas van Borselen. This also involved some of the dower of the Lady of Voorne, wife of Wolfert I. It is assumed that this contract was made because Wolfert II foresaw his death, because Wolfert II died shortly after. This happened before 6 April 1317, because on that day count William referred to his sister widow of Wolfert van Borselen, and her daugh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moermond Castle
Moermond Castle is a castle in Renesse on Schouwen-Duiveland. Castle Characteristics The first castle The first castle was built northeast of the current castle. It was a water castle that was destroyed in about 1297. The first castle was never seen till it was rediscovered during the 1956 excavations. This first castle was polygonal. Judging from the estimated one third that was found in the 1950s, it formed a rough circle. The wall was about 1.60 m wide, and has small outward protrusions on the corners. On the northwest side a square tower was part of the wall. Its walls were 2.25 m thick. As this tower interrupts the line of the wall, one might suppose that it was a gatehouse, like that of Egmond Castle. The parts that were uncovered allowed archaeologists to calculate that the diameter of the circle would have been about 60 m. On the inside of the wall, clusters of foundation piles were found at regular intervals, see plan with excavations. Judging from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
