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Siege Of Stirling Castle (1746)
The siege of Stirling Castle took place from 8 January to 1 February 1746, during the Jacobite rising of 1745, 1745 Rising, when a Jacobite force besieged Stirling Castle, held by a government garrison under William Blakeney, 1st Baron Blakeney, William Blakeney. Despite defeating a relief force under Henry Hawley at Battle of Falkirk Muir, Falkirk Muir on 17 January, the siege made little progress; when Prince William, Duke of Cumberland, Cumberland's army began advancing north from Edinburgh, it was abandoned and on 1 February the Jacobites withdrew to Inverness. Background One of the strongest fortifications in Scotland, Stirling Castle controlled access between the Scottish Highlands, Highlands and the Scottish Lowlands, Lowlands. In September 1745, the Jacobite army passed nearby en route to Edinburgh, but had neither the time nor the equipment needed to take it. Leaving William Drummond, 4th Viscount Strathallan, Viscount Strathallan in Perth, Scotland, Perth to recruit a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Drummond, 4th Viscount Strathallan
William Drummond, 4th Viscount Strathallan (1690 – 16 April 1746), was a Scottish peer and Jacobitism, Jacobite, who died at the Battle of Culloden. Pardoned for his part in the Jacobite_rising_of_1715, 1715 Rising, Lord Strathallan raised a troop of cavalry for Charles_Edward_ Stuart, Prince Charles in Jacobite_rising_of_1745, 1745 and appointed Jacobite Governor of Perth, Scotland, Perth. While the main army invaded England, he remained in Scotland to recruit additional troops and was replaced by John_Drummond,_4th_Duke_of_Perth, Lord John Drummond in late November 1745. He died at Culloden in April 1746. His eldest son James (1722-1765) also took part in the Rising and escaped to France. He was Attainder, attainted in July 1746, losing titles and lands; his estates were repurchased by the family when he died in 1765 and the titles restored in 1824. Life William Drummond was the eldest surviving son of Sir John Drummond of Machany (ca 1670-1707) and Margaret, daughte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacobite Rising Of 1745
The Jacobite rising of 1745 was an attempt by Charles Edward Stuart to regain the Monarchy of Great Britain, British throne for his father, James Francis Edward Stuart. It took place during the War of the Austrian Succession, when the bulk of the British Army was fighting in mainland Europe, and proved to be the last in Jacobite risings, a series of revolts that began in Jacobite rising of 1689, March 1689, with major outbreaks in Jacobite rising of 1715, 1715 and Jacobite rising of 1719, 1719. Charles launched the rebellion on 19 August 1745 at Glenfinnan in the Scottish Highlands, capturing Edinburgh and winning the Battle of Prestonpans in September. At a council in October, the Scots agreed to invade England after Charles assured them of substantial support from English Jacobitism, Jacobites and a simultaneous French landing in Southern England. On that basis, the Jacobite Army (1745), Jacobite army entered England in early November, but neither of these assurances proved ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scottish Lowlands
The Lowlands ( or , ; , ) is a cultural and historical region of Scotland. The region is characterised by its relatively flat or gently rolling terrain as opposed to the mountainous landscapes of the Scottish Highlands. This area includes cities like Edinburgh and Glasgow and is known for its fertile farmland, historic sites, and urban centres. It is the more populous and industrialised part of Scotland compared to the sparsely populated Highlands. Culturally, the Lowlands and the Scottish Highlands, Highlands diverged from the Late Middle Ages into the modern period, when Scots language, Lowland Scots replaced Scottish Gaelic throughout most of the Lowlands. Geography Geographically, Scotland is divided into three distinct areas: the Scottish Highlands, Highlands, the Central plain (Central Belt, in the Central Lowlands), and the Southern Uplands. The Lowlands cover roughly the latter two. The northeast plain is also "low-land", both geographically and culturally, but in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chevalier De Johnstone
James Johnstone (1719), also known as Chevalier de Johnstone or Johnstone de Moffatt, was a Scottish memoirist who is best remembered for his ''Memoirs of the Rebellion in 1745 and 1746'', first published in 1820. The son of an Edinburgh merchant, he escaped to France after participating in the 1745 Jacobite rebellion. He was commissioned a lieutenant in the French Colonial Army, and served in French North America for several years. Following the loss of Quebec to the British Army in 1760, Johnstone returned to France and became a civilian. Little is known of his later life, and he is thought to have died sometime between 1791 and 1800. Family and early life James Johnstone was born 25 July 1719, only son of Jeremy Boone Johnstone, an Edinburgh merchant; his mother was a distant relative of Lady Jane (or Jean) Douglas (c.1698–1753), later the centre of a famous inheritance case known as the Douglas Cause. He had two sisters; the elder, Cecilia (c.1715–1746), married Joh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Carlisle (November 1745)
The first siege of Carlisle was an important event of the 1745–1746 Jacobite rising. Jacobite forces loyal to Prince Charles Edward Stuart captured the city of Carlisle and Carlisle Castle on 14–15 November 1745. Background Jacobite leader Charles Edward Stuart had received intelligence that the British commander General George Wade was advancing with British forces from Newcastle to relieve Carlisle and that he had already arrived in Hexham. Charles Stuart had decided to meet and attack him on hilly grounds between Newcastle and Carlisle. Leaving a sufficient force to blockade Carlisle he departed with the remainder of his army on the morning of 11 November 1745. Stuart reached Brampton at about ten o'clock and despatched a party of horse led by a Colonel in the direction of Hexham to reconnoitre and order his men to take up quarters for the night. The Colonel returned with news that General George Wade's march to Hexham had been false. Charles waited at Brampton for t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edinburgh Castle
Edinburgh Castle is a historic castle in Edinburgh, Scotland. It stands on Castle Rock (Edinburgh), Castle Rock, which has been occupied by humans since at least the Iron Age. There has been a royal castle on the rock since the reign of Malcolm III of Scotland, Malcolm III in the 11th century, and the castle continued to be a royal residence until 1633. From the 15th century, the castle's residential role declined, and by the 17th century it was principally used as a military garrison. Its importance as a part of Scotland's national heritage was recognised increasingly from the early 19th century onwards, and various restoration programmes have been carried out over the past century and a half. Edinburgh Castle has played a prominent role in History of Scotland, Scottish history, and has served variously as a Palace, royal residence, an arsenal, a treasury, a national archives, national archive, a Mints of Scotland, mint, a prison, a military fortress, and the home of the Honou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Pelham
Henry Pelham (25 September 1694 – 6 March 1754) was a British Whig statesman who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1743 until his death in 1754. He was the younger brother of Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, who served in Pelham's government and succeeded him as prime minister. Pelham is generally considered to have been Britain's third prime minister, after Robert Walpole and the Earl of Wilmington. Pelham's premiership was relatively uneventful in terms of domestic affairs, although it was during his premiership that Great Britain experienced the tumult of the 1745 Jacobite uprising. In foreign affairs, Britain fought in several wars. On Pelham's death, his brother Newcastle took full control of the British government. Early life Pelham, Newcastle's younger brother, was a younger son of Thomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham, and his wife, the former Grace Pelham, Baroness Pelham of Laughton, the daughter of Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare, and Grac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Carlisle (December 1745)
The siege of Carlisle (December 1745) took place from 21 to 30 December during the Jacobite rising of 1745, when a Jacobite Army (1745), Jacobite garrison surrendered to government forces led by the Prince William, Duke of Cumberland, Duke of Cumberland. The town had been Siege of Carlisle (November 1745), captured by the Jacobite army that invaded England in November 1745 and reached as far south as Derby, before turning back on 6 December. They re-entered Carlisle on 19 December, and after leaving a garrison of 400 men, the main army continued its retreat into Scotland the next day. Advance elements of the government army reached Carlisle on 21 December, but siege operations were delayed until their heavy artillery arrived six days later. They commenced firing on 28 December, and the Jacobites surrendered on 30th; 384 prisoners were taken, some of whom were later executed and others transported to the West Indies. Background The Jacobite Army (1745), Jacobite army entered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Benedict Stuart
Henry Benedict Thomas Edward Maria Clement Francis Xavier Stuart, Cardinal Duke of York (6 March 1725 – 13 July 1807) was a Roman Catholic Cardinal (Catholic Church), cardinal, and was the third and final Jacobitism, Jacobite heir to publicly claim the thrones of Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland, as the younger grandson of King James II of England. One of the longest-serving cardinals in history, Henry spent his whole life in the Papal States and became the dean of the College of Cardinals and cardinal-bishop of Ostia and Velletri. Unlike his father James Francis Edward Stuart (''The Old Pretender'') and elder brother Charles Edward Stuart (''The Young Pretender'' or ''Bonnie Prince Charlie''), Henry made no effort to seize the thrones. After Charles's death in 1788, Henry became known by Jacobites as Henry IX and I, but the Papacy did not recognise Henry as the lawful ruler of Great Britain and Ireland and instead referred to him as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Inverurie (1745)
The Battle of Inverurie was fought on 23 December 1745 at Inverurie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, during the Jacobite rising of 1745. Background After the Jacobite capture of Edinburgh in autumn 1745, Lord Lewis Gordon had been designated as the Jacobite Lord Lieutenant of Aberdeenshire and was given responsibility for raising men in north-eastern Scotland. With a mix of volunteers and men "pressed" into service, he mustered a relatively-large regiment including three battalions: the "Aberdeen" battalion, mainly volunteers from Aberdeen itself led by James Moir of Stonywood; the "Strathbogie" battalion, unwilling feudal levies under John Gordon of Avochie; and the "Mar" battalion, mostly Highlanders raised by Francis Farquharson of Monaltrie in Braemar and upper Deeside.Seton, Sir Bruce Gordon (1928) ''The Prisoners of the '45'', vol. I, Constable, p.311Reid, Stuart (2012) ''The Scottish Jacobite Army 1745-1746'', Bloomsbury, p.18 Gordon also set up a parallel civil administratio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Drummond, 4th Duke Of Perth
John Drummond (1714–1747), titular 7th Earl and 4th Duke of Perth, often referred to by his courtesy title Lord John Drummond, was a Franco-Scottish nobleman, soldier and Jacobite. Drummond served as an officer in the French Army, but is perhaps best known for his participation in the Jacobite rising of 1745, during which he was one of the senior Jacobite staff officers in addition to leading the Jacobite Royal Scots, a regiment raised by him in France. Early life John Drummond was born in 1714 in France; he was the second son of James Drummond, 5th titular Earl and 2nd Duke of Perth, and Jane, daughter of George Gordon, 1st Duke of Gordon. His family were Catholics and committed Stuart loyalists: his grandfather the 4th Earl, the former Lord Chancellor of Scotland, had accompanied James II into exile in France before being created Duke of Perth in the Jacobite Peerage by James's son James Edward Stuart. John Drummond's father did not succeed to the earldom, having ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlisle
Carlisle ( , ; from ) is a city in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. Carlisle's early history is marked by the establishment of a settlement called Luguvalium to serve forts along Hadrian's Wall in Roman Britain. Due to its proximity to Scotland (being located south of the current Anglo-Scottish border), Carlisle Castle and the city became an important military stronghold in the Middle Ages. The castle served as a prison for Mary, Queen of Scots in 1568 and currently hosts the Duke of Lancaster's Regiment and the Border Regiment Museum. A priory was built in the early 12th century, which subsequently became Carlisle Cathedral in 1133 on the creation of the Diocese of Carlisle. As the seat of a diocese, Carlisle therefore gained city status. Carlisle also served as the county town of the historic county of Cumberland from the county's creation in the 12th century. In the 19th century, the introduction of textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
