Shamseddin Mojabi
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Shamseddin Mojabi
Seyed Shamseddin Mojabi (1939 – 29 April 2012) was an Iranian academic, government adviser and political activist. Mojabi was arrested twice by SAVAK in 1963, and following his release left Iran to study and later work in France for 14 years. During the Iranian revolution The Iranian Revolution (, ), also known as the 1979 Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution of 1979 (, ) was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Impe ... he would return to Iran where he would work as a professor of civil engineering at the Amirkabir University of Technology (formerly Tehran Polytechnic). Early life and education Mojabi was born in 1939 into a religious Mojabi, family in Qazvin. His father Seyed Ziaedin was a well-known merchant in the Caravanserai of Sa'd al-Saltaneh. In 1949, Mojabi's father moved the family to Tehran. The family's residence was in Baharestan Square which in the 1940s and ...
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SAVAK
The Bureau for Intelligence and Security of the State (), shortened to as SAVAK () or S.A.V.A.K. () was the secret police of the Imperial State of Iran. It was established in Tehran in 1957 by national security law. and continued to operate until the Islamic Revolution in 1979, when it was dissolved by Iranian prime minister Shapour Bakhtiar. At peak, there were around 5,000 SAVAK agents operating under the Pahlavi dynasty. Iranian-American scholar and ex-politician Gholam Reza Afkhami estimates that SAVAK had between 4,000 and 6,000 members, while ''TIME'' stated in a publication on 19 February 1979 that the agency had 5,000 members.SAVAK: "Like the CIA". Feb. 19, 1979
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History


1957–1971

After the
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Institut Henri Poincaré
The Henri Poincaré Institute (or IHP for ''Institut Henri Poincaré'') is a mathematics research institute part of Sorbonne University, in association with the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS). It is located in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, 5th arrondissement of Paris, on the Sainte-Geneviève Hill. History Just after World War I, mathematicians Émile Borel in France and George Birkhoff in the United States persuaded French and American sponsors (Edmond de Rothschild and the Rockefeller Foundation respectively)Rockefeller and the internationalization of mathematics between two World Wars [Texte imprimé][: documents and studies for the social history of mathematics in the 20th century / Reinhard Siegmund-Schultze. - Basel; Boston; Berlin : Birkhäuser, cop. 2001. - 1 vol. (XIII-341 p.) : fig., ill., carte; 24 cm. - (Science networks historical studies; volume 25). - Bibliogr. p. [307]-318. Index. (rel.). - (rel.)] to fund the building of a centre for lect ...
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1980 Iranian Legislative Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 14 March 1980, with a second round on 9 May. They were the first elections to the Majlis of Iran, Majlis since the overthrow of the Shah, and were contested to a considerable degree on a party basis. It resulted in a victory for the Islamic Republican Party, which won 85 of the 270 seats, whilst its allies won a further 45. The party, joined by smaller Islamist groups in the Grand coalition (Iran), Grand coalition was a highly organized force and put up candidates in most constituencies and dominated the campaigns, especially in the provinces. President Abolhassan Banisadr and his followers, presented dozens of candidates in Tehran and provinces under the list Office for the Cooperation of the People with the President. The Freedom Movement of Iran which failed to organize effectively, fielded at most only 40 candidates under the banner of Eponym Group and won about 20 seats. Among National Front (Iran), National Front candidates, fo ...
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National Iranian Oil Company
The National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC; ) is a government-owned national oil and natural gas producer and distributor under the direction of the Ministry of Petroleum of Iran. NIOC was established in 1951 and restructured under The Consortium Agreement of 1954.Iran's foreign trade report
Iran Trade
NIOC ranks as the world's second largest oil company, after 's state-owned Aramco. The NIOC is exclusively responsible for the exploration, dril ...
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Iranian Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution (1980–1983; : Enqelābe Farhangi) was a period following the Iranian Revolution, when the academia of Iran was purged of Western and non-Islamic influences (including traditionalist unpolitical Islamic doctrines) to align them with the revolutionary and political Islam. The cultural revolution sometimes involved violence in taking over the university campuses, as higher education in Iran had many secular and leftist forces who were opposed to Ayatollah Khomeini's Islamic state in Iran. The official name used by the Islamic Republic is "Cultural Revolution". Directed by the Cultural Revolutionary Headquarters and later by the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution, the revolution initially closed universities for three years (1980–1983) and after reopening banned many books and purged thousands of students and lecturers from the schools.
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Mozaffar Firouz
Mozaffar Firouz (Persian: مظفر فیروز) (6 August 1906 – 5 April 1988) was the eldest son of prince Firouz Mirza Nosrat-ed-Dowleh Farman Farmaian III by his first wife,Amena, sister of Mohammed Mossadegh and daughter of Najm al-Saltaneh. Born in Tehran on 6 August 1906, he attended in Harrow School and Cambridge University. He worked in the Iranian embassy in Washington, D.C., from 1928 to 1930 and represented Iran at the International Aeronautical conference in 1928. He was minister of labour in 1946 and ambassador to the USSR from 1946 to 1947. He married Princess Mahin Dowlatshahi in 1937. He fled Iran during the 1979 revolution to France and died in Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ... on 5 April 1988. He was editor of the newspaper ''Rad Emrou ...
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Sadegh Ghotbzadeh
Sadegh Ghotbzadeh (, 24 February 1936 – 15 September 1982) was an Iranian politician who served as a close aide of Ayatollah Khomeini during his 1978 exile in France and was foreign minister (30 November 1979 – August 1980) during the Iran hostage crisis following the Iranian Revolution. In 1982, he was executed for allegedly plotting the assassination of Ayatollah Khomeini and the overthrow of the Islamic Republic. Early life and education Ghotbzadeh was born in Isfahan in 1936. He had a sister and a brother. His father was a wealthy lumber merchant. As a student, he was active in the student branch of the National Front following the toppling of Mohammad Mosaddegh in 1953. He left Iran in 1959 after being detained twice due to his opposition activities to the Shah's regime; he lived in Europe, the US and Canada. Ghotbzadeh was a supporter of the National Front of Iran. In addition he was one of the senior members of the Freedom Movement of Iran led by Mehdi Bazargan ...
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Abolhassan Banisadr
Abolhassan Banisadr (; 22 March 1933 – 9 October 2021) was an Iranian politician, writer, and political dissident. He was the first president of Iran after the 1979 Iranian Revolution abolished the monarchy, serving from February 1980 until his impeachment by parliament in June 1981. Prior to his presidency, he was the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Interim Government. Following his impeachment, Banisadr fled Iran and found political asylum in France, where he co-founded the National Council of Resistance of Iran. Banisadr later focused on political writings about his revolutionary activities and his critiques of the Iranian government. He became a critic of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and the country's handling of its 2009 elections. Early life and education Banisadr was born on 22 March 1933 in Baghcheh, a small village north of Hamedan. His father, Nasrollah, was a Shia cleric who had originally migrated to the area from Bijar, Kurdistan. As a student, Banisadr stu ...
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Karim Khodapanahi
Karim Khodapanahi (born 1941) is an Iranian politician. He was the acting foreign minister of Iran between 1980 and 1981. Biography Khodapanahi served as the acting minister of foreign affairs from 3 August 1980 to 11 March 1981 in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Mohammad-Ali Rajai. He replaced Sadegh Ghotbzadeh Sadegh Ghotbzadeh (, 24 February 1936 – 15 September 1982) was an Iranian politician who served as a close aide of Ayatollah Khomeini during his 1978 exile in France and was foreign minister (30 November 1979 – August 1980) during the Ir ... in the post. Mohammad-Ali Rajai succeeded Khodapanahi as acting foreign minister. References External links {{DEFAULTSORT:Khodapanahi, Karim 20th-century Iranian politicians 1941 births Freedom Movement of Iran politicians Ministers of foreign affairs of Iran Iran's Book of the Year Awards recipients Living people ...
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Sadeq Tabatabaei
Sadeq Tabatabaei (; 25 March 1943 – 21 February 2015) was an Iranian writer, journalist, TV host, university professor at the University of Tehran and politician who served as Deputy Prime Minister from 1979 to 1980. He was also Deputy Minister of the Interior and oversaw the referendum on establishing an Islamic Republic in March 1979. He was Iran's Ambassador to West Germany from 1982 until 1986. Early life and family Tabatabaei was born on 12 December 1943 in the city of Qom. He was the son of Ayatollah Mohammad-Bagher Tabatabaei and nephew of Musa al-Sadr. His sister, Fatemeh was married to Ahmad Khomeini, son of Ruhollah Khomeini, thereby making him the uncle of Hassan Khomeini. After completing his elementary education, he moved to Germany along with his uncle, Musa al-Sadr and began studying in chemistry at Ruhr University Bochum.
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Hassan Habibi
Hassan Ebrahim Habibi (; 29 January 1937 – 31 January 2013) was an Iranian politician, lawyer, scholar and the first vice president from 1989 until 2001 under Presidents Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani and Mohammad Khatami. He was also a member of the High Council of Cultural Revolution and head of Academy of Persian Language and Literature from 2004 until his death in 2013. Early life and education Habibi studied sociology in France. He held a PhD in law and sociology. When he was a university student he visited Khomeini while the latter was in exile. Career Habibi was tasked by Ayatollah Khomeini to draft the prospective constitution of Iran when the latter was in exile in Paris. His version was heavily modified due to criticisms and the final text was approved by the election in November 1979. Following the Iranian revolution, Habibi was named public spokesman for the revolutionary council. He was among the main architects of the first draft of Constitution of the Islamic ...
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International Federation For Structural Concrete
The Fédération internationale du béton – International Federation for Structural Concrete (fib) is a not-for-profit association committed to advancing the technical, economic, aesthetic and environmental performances of concrete structures worldwide. History The ''fib'' was created in 1998 via the merger of the ''Comité européen du béton - European Committee for Concrete'' (CEB; later: Comité euro-international du béton; established in 1953) and the ''Fédération Internationale de la Précontrainte - International Federation for Prestressing'' (FIP; inaugurated in 1952 at an international meeting in Cambridge, United Kingdom). In 1962 a common initiative by the FIP and CEB led to the creation of the ''Mixed CEB-FIP Committee for Drafting of Recommendations for Prestressed Concrete''. In 1983 the Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland invited the CEB to open an office on its campus. Today this office is the headquarters of the ''fib''. Th ...
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