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Seweryn Nowakowski
Seweryn Nowakowski (January 8, 1894 in Piotrków Trybunalski - died probably in 1940) was a Polish politician who served as the last Politics of Białystok, mayor of Białystok prior to the outbreak of the World War II. Biography He studied at the Faculty of Law of the University of Warsaw, and after the outbreak of World War I he stayed in Kiev. Then he continued his studies at the Faculty of Law of the University of Moscow. He returned to Poland probably in 1919 with a Red Cross transport and settled in Piotrków Trybunalski. He joined the Polish Socialist Party. He was elected to the position of juror, or a full-time employee in the Municipal Board in Piotrków Trybunalski, which he held until 30 December 1928. From 1927 to November 1930 he was the head of the financial and administrative department. In the spring of 1931 he was designated by the Prime Minister of Poland, Prime Minister for the position of government commissioner in Białystok, arriving to the city in August 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of Białystok
:''This is a sub-article to Białystok'' Białystok, like other major cities in Poland, is a City with powiat rights (). The Legislative power in the city is vested in the unicameral parliament, the Białystok City Council (), which has 28 members.Statut Miasta Białegostoku Council members are elected directly every four years, one of whom is the , or President of Białystok (). Like most legislative bodies, the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Invasion Of Poland
The invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Second Polish Republic, Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic (1939–1945), Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II. The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union, and one day after the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union had approved the pact. The Soviet invasion of Poland, Soviets invaded Poland on 17 September. The campaign ended on 6 October with Germany and the Soviet Union dividing and annexing the whole of Poland under the terms of the German–Soviet Frontier Treaty. The aim of the invasion was to disestablish Poland as a sovereign country, with its citizens destined for The Holocaust, extermination. German and Field Army Bernolák, Slovak forces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osiedle Piaski, Białystok
Piaski is one of the districts of the Polish city of Białystok. History Piaski first mentioned in a census from 1825 kept in Grodno archives as a sandy area with empty properties behind Supraska Gate. People moved to the area during the 19th century. In the second half of the 19th century, Jews were grouped on the southern outskirts of the Great Synagogue, from where they were also close to the markets. Further, up to Zwierzyniec Forest, the authorities marked out the area for the barracks. Up to the Second Polish Republic, Piękna street connected the Sienna Market Square with the Fish Market (Rynek Rybna), which was reached by the streets: Wołodyjowskiego with Plutonowa and Wojskowa with Piwna (M. Skłodowskiej-Curie). The tsarist regiment took the place of the garrison command, and barracks of the cavalry reserve centers also stood in that area. The Fish Hall and adjacent shops, workshops and storehouses survived World War II. But with the establishment of the People's Repub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osiedle Wygoda, Białystok
Wygoda is one of the districts of the Polish city of Białystok, located north and north-east of the historic city center. History In the nineteenth century, the areas which today make up the district's territory belonged to the Kryński family and were the location of the villages Bagnówka, Pieczurki and Pietrasze. Its name comes from the forest inn "Wygoda" which was located on the road to Supraśl, around which the settlement developed. After the January Uprising, the tsarist authorities deported the family to Siberia, and their property was confiscated. A Voltaire received them, who later sold the land to two people, Koch and Sosnowski who in turn allocated a plot for the construction of tsarist military barracks, and the 64th Kazan infantry regiment () moved to there. With the liberation of Białystok in 1919 and the establishment of the Second Polish Republic, the Polish Army occupied the barracks. They were rebuilt and named after Romuald Traugutt. From June 1921, the 4 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
20241005 132832 October 2024 In Białystok
41 may refer to: * 41 (number) * one of the years 41 BC, AD 41, 1941, 2041 Art and entertainment * ''41'' (film), a 2007 documentary about Nicholas O'Neill, the youngest victim of the Station nightclub fire * ''41'', an Australian award-winning science fiction time travel film about a time loop, by Glenn Triggs * ''41'', a 2012 documentary about President George H. W. Bush. * "#41" (song), a song by the Dave Matthews Band * ''Survivor 41'', the 41st installment of CBS's reality program ''Survivor'' * "Forty One", a song by Karma to Burn from the album ''Appalachian Incantation'', 2010 People * George H. W. Bush, or "Bush 41" (to distinguish him from his son, George W. Bush), 41st president of the United States * Nick "41" MacLaren, member of the New Zealand hip hop duo Frontline * 41 (group), a Brooklyn drill trio Others * HP-41C, a series of calculators made by Hewlett-Packard ** FOCAL (Hewlett-Packard) The HP-41C series are programmable, expandable, HP Continuous memory, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cross Of Merit (Poland)
A cross is a religious symbol consisting of two intersecting lines, usually perpendicular to each other. The lines usually run vertically and horizontally. A cross of oblique lines, in the shape of the Latin letter X, is termed a saltire in heraldic terminology. The cross shape has been widely officially recognized as an absolute and exclusive religious symbol of Christianity from an early period in that religion's history.''Christianity: an introduction'' by Alister E. McGrath 2006 pages 321-323 Before then, it was used as a religious or cultural symbol throughout , in west and |
Powązki Cemetery
Powązki Cemetery (; ), also known as Stare Powązki (), is a historic necropolis located in Wola district, in the western part of Warsaw, Poland. It is the most famous cemetery in the city and one of the oldest, having been established in 1790. It is the burial place of many illustrious individuals from Polish history. Some are interred along the "Avenue of the Distinguished" – ''Aleja Zasłużonych'', created in 1925. It is estimated that over one million people are buried at Powązki. The cemetery is often confused with the newer Powązki Military Cemetery, which is located to the north-west of Powązki Cemetery. History Powązki Cemetery was established on 4 November 1790 on land donated by nobleman Melchior Szymanowski, and consecrated on 20 May 1792. Initially it covered an area of only about 2.5 ha. In the same year Saint Karol Boromeusz Church, designed by Dominik Merlini, was built on the northern edge of the cemetery. The catacombs were erected soon therea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet Union, it dissolved in 1991. During its existence, it was the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country by area, extending across Time in Russia, eleven time zones and sharing Geography of the Soviet Union#Borders and neighbors, borders with twelve countries, and the List of countries and dependencies by population, third-most populous country. An overall successor to the Russian Empire, it was nominally organized as a federal union of Republics of the Soviet Union, national republics, the largest and most populous of which was the Russian SFSR. In practice, Government of the Soviet Union, its government and Economy of the Soviet Union, economy were Soviet-type economic planning, highly centralized. As a one-party state go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Repressions Of Polish Citizens (1939–1946)
In the aftermath of the German and Soviet invasion of Poland, which took place in September 1939, the territory of Poland was divided between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. The Soviets had ceased to recognise the Polish state at the start of the invasion.Telegrams sent by Schulenburg, German ambassador to the Soviet Union, from Moscow to the German Foreign OfficeNo. 317 of 10 September 1939 of 16 September 1939 of 17 September 1939. The Avalon Project, Yale Law School. Retrieved 14 November 2006.'KAMPANIA WRZEŚNIOWA 1939', last retrieved on 10 December 2005, Polish language As the Soviet Union had not signed international conventions on rules of war, the Polish prisoners were denied legal status. The Soviet forces murdered almost all captured officers, and sent numerous ordinary soldiers to the Soviet Gulag.Out of the original group of Polish prisoners of war sent in large number to the labour camps were some 25,000 ordinary soldiers separated from the rest of their collea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Białystok Detention Center
The Białystok Detention Center () is a detention center and prison in Kopernika street, Bema District of Białystok, capital of Podlaskie Voivodeship. History This prison complex was built in 1911–1912. When constructed, the facility was located on the outskirts of the city, currently surrounded by residential district. It was used first by Tsarist Russia, and in 1915–1919 by the Germans. In the interwar period, it was administered by the Polish authorities. During World War II, it was managed first by the Soviets, and then by the Germans. The Germans, retreating in July 1944, mined the facility. Following the end of the war and the integration of Białystok into the newly established Polish People's Republic, it was reopened on September 10, 1944. At that time, it served as a penal-investigation and class prison. In the autumn and winter of 1944/1945, the prison was protected by NKVD units, and some of its premises were given over to the counterintelligence SMERSH of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (, ), abbreviated as NKVD (; ), was the interior ministry and secret police of the Soviet Union from 1934 to 1946. The agency was formed to succeed the Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU) secret police organization, and thus had a monopoly on intelligence and state security functions. The NKVD is known for carrying out political repression and the Great Purge under Joseph Stalin, as well as counterintelligence and other operations on the Eastern Front of World War II. The head of the NKVD was Genrikh Yagoda from 1934 to 1936, Nikolai Yezhov from 1936 to 1938, Lavrentiy Beria from 1938 to 1946, and Sergei Kruglov in 1946. First established in 1917 as the NKVD of the Russian SFSR, the ministry was tasked with regular police work and overseeing the country's prisons and labor camps. It was disbanded in 1930, and its functions dispersed among other agencies before being reinstated as a commissariat of the Soviet Union ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Armed Forces (Second Polish Republic)
Polish Armed Forces () were the armed forces of the Second Polish Republic from 1919 until the demise of independent Poland at the onset of Second World War in September 1939. History The outbreak of First World War meant that a huge number of Poles from the lands of the Polish partitions were forced to stand as soldiers in the ranks of German, Russian and Austro-Hungarian armies.In addition to these troops, Polish volunteer units were formed to fight either on the side of the coalition or central states. A branch of 'Bajonians' was established in France and in Poland by Witold Ostoja-Gorczyński ( Legion of Puławy). However, these were small units. The first ceased to exist due to losses, and the second could not grow due to political considerations. The Polish Legions were the greater union of the Polish Army of the independent Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. They were created in 1914 by brigadier Józef Piłsudski. The members of these formations were members of underg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
