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Sevvostlag
Sevvostlag (russian: Северо-восточные исправительно-трудовые лагеря, Севвостлаг, СВИТЛ, North-Eastern Corrective Labor Camps) was a system of forced labor camps set up to satisfy the workforce requirements of the ''Dalstroy'' construction trust in the Kolyma region in April 1932. Organizationally being part of ''Dalstroy'' and under the management of the Labor and Defence Council of Sovnarkom, these camps were formally subordinated to OGPU later the NKVD directorate of the Far Eastern Krai. On March 4, 1938 Sevvostlag was resubordinated to the NKVD GULAG. In 1942 it was resubordinated back to Dalstroy. In 1949 it was renamed to the Directorate of Dalstroy Corrective Labor Camps (Управление исправительно-трудовых лагерей Дальстроя). In 1953, after the death of Joseph Stalin, with the reform of the Soviet penal system, it was again resubordinated to Gulag and later reformed into ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolyma Road00
Kolyma (russian: Колыма́, ) is a region located in the Russian Far East. It is bounded to the north by the East Siberian Sea and the Arctic Ocean, and by the Sea of Okhotsk to the south. The region gets its name from the Kolyma River and mountain system, parts of which were not accurately mapped by Russian surveyors until 1926. Today the region consists roughly of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and the Magadan Oblast. The area, part of which is within the Arctic Circle, has a subarctic climate with very cold winters lasting up to six months of the year. Permafrost and tundra cover a large part of the region. Average winter temperatures range from (even lower in the interior), and average summer temperatures, from . There are rich reserves of gold, silver, tin, tungsten, mercury, copper, antimony, coal, oil, and peat. Twenty-nine zones of possible oil and gas accumulation have been identified in the Sea of Okhotsk shelf. Total reserves are estimated at 3.5 bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolyma
Kolyma (russian: Колыма́, ) is a region located in the Russian Far East. It is bounded to the north by the East Siberian Sea and the Arctic Ocean, and by the Sea of Okhotsk to the south. The region gets its name from the Kolyma River and mountain system, parts of which were not accurately mapped by Russian surveyors until 1926. Today the region consists roughly of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and the Magadan Oblast. The area, part of which is within the Arctic Circle, has a subarctic climate with very cold winters lasting up to six months of the year. Permafrost and tundra cover a large part of the region. Average winter temperatures range from (even lower in the interior), and average summer temperatures, from . There are rich reserves of gold, silver, tin, tungsten, mercury, copper, antimony, coal, oil, and peat. Twenty-nine zones of possible oil and gas accumulation have been identified in the Sea of Okhotsk shelf. Total reserves are estimated at 3.5 b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavlo Khrystiuk
Pavlo Khrystiuk ( ua, Павло Оникійович Христюк; 1880 – September 19, 1941) was a Ukrainian cooperator, historian, journalist, political activist, and statesman. Biography Khrystiuk was born in the Kuban Oblast. He studied in Kyiv Polytechnic Institute as his party co-member, Vsevolod Holubovych. He worked for the newspaper ''Rada'' (Council). In 1916-17 he also worked for journal "Komashnia". Later in his career were the socialists-revolutionary newspapers "Borotba" and "Trudova Hromada". He became a member of the Central Committee of the Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party (UPSR) and the Villagers Association. Also he was a member of the Central Rada and the Rada Minor as well as the Pysar (Scribe) in the General Secretariat of Ukraine. He is the co-author of the Land Reform of January 31, 1918. He was a Minister of the Internal Affairs in the government of Vsevolod Holubovych (1918) and the deputy Minister in the government of Isaak Mazep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osip Mandelshtam
Osip Emilyevich Mandelstam ( rus, Осип Эмильевич Мандельштам, p=ˈosʲɪp ɨˈmʲilʲjɪvʲɪtɕ mənʲdʲɪlʲˈʂtam; – 27 December 1938) was a Russian and Soviet poet. He was one of the foremost members of the Acmeist school. Osip Mandelstam was arrested during the repression of the 1930s and sent into internal exile with his wife, Nadezhda Mandelstam. Given a reprieve of sorts, they moved to Voronezh in southwestern Russia. In 1938 Mandelstam was arrested again and sentenced to five years in a corrective-labour camp in the Soviet Far East. He died that year at a transit camp near Vladivostok. Life and work Mandelstam was born on 14 January 1891 in Warsaw, Congress Poland, Russian Empire to a wealthy Polish-Jewish family. His father, a leather merchant by trade, was able to receive a dispensation freeing the family from the Pale of Settlement. Soon after Osip's birth, they moved to Saint Petersburg. In 1900, Mandelstam entered the prestigious Ten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sergei Korolev
Sergei Pavlovich Korolev (russian: Сергей Павлович Королёв, Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov, sʲɪrˈɡʲej ˈpavləvʲɪtɕ kərɐˈlʲɵf, Ru-Sergei Pavlovich Korolev.ogg; ukr, Сергій Павлович Корольов, Serhiy Pavlovych Korol'ov, sɛrˈɦij ˈpavlovɪtʃ koroˈlʲou̯) 14 January 1966) was a lead Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer during the Space Race between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. He is regarded by many as the father of practical astronautics. He was involved in the development of the R-7 Rocket, Sputnik 1, launching Laika, Sputnik 3, the first human-made object to make contact with another celestial body, Belka and Strelka, the first human being, Yuri Gagarin, into space, Voskhod 1, and the first person, Alexei Leonov, to conduct a spacewalk. Although Korolev trained as an aircraft designer, his greatest strengths proved to be in design integration, organization and strateg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nina Gagen-Torn
Nina Gagen-Torn ( rus, Ни́на Ива́новна Га́ген-То́рн, p=ˈnʲinə ɪˈvanəvnə ˈɡaɡʲɪn ˈtorn, a=Nina Ivanovna Garyen-Torn.ru.vorb.oga; — June 4, 1986) was a Russian and Soviet poet, writer, historian and ethnographer. Most of her research was in the area of ethnography of the peoples of the Soviet Union, Russian and Bulgarian folklore, and the history of the Russian ethnography Biography She was born in St. Petersburg to a noble (''dvoryan'') family of baron Ivan Eduardovich Gagen-Torn, physician, Russified Swede. She graduated from the Petrograd Institute of Geography and post-graduate course of the Petrograd University (1924). She was a lecturer, worked in the Museum of Ethnography and was secretary of the magazine ''Soviet Ethnography'' (1934). During the Great Purge, she spent the years of 1936–1942 in Kolyma labor camps ( Sevvostlag "Directorate of Northeastern Camps") and 1942–1943 in exile. In 1946, she earned the degree of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolyma Highway
The R504 Kolyma Highway (russian: Федеральная автомобильная дорога «Колыма», ''Federal'naya Avtomobil'naya Doroga «Kolyma»,'' "Federal Automobile Highway 'Kolyma'"), part of the M56 route, is a road through the Russian Far East. It connects Magadan with the town of Nizhny Bestyakh, located on the eastern bank of Lena River, opposite of Yakutsk. At Nizhny Bestyakh the Kolyma Highway connects to the Lena Highway. The Kolyma Highway is colloquially known as the Road of Bones ( Russian: Дорога Костей, transliteration: ''Doróga Kostyéy''), in reference to the hundreds of thousands of forced laborers who were interred in the pavement after dying during its construction. Locally, the road is known as the Kolyma Route ( Russian: Колымская трасса, transliteration: ''Kolýmskaya trássa''). History The Dalstroy construction directorate built the Kolyma Highway during the Soviet Union's Stalinist era. Inmates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vsevolod Zaderatsky
Vsevolod Petrovich Zaderatsky (russian: Всеволод Петрович Задерацкий; 21 December 1891, Rivne, Russian Empire 1 February 1953, Lvov, USSR) was a Russian Imperial and Ukrainian Soviet composer, pianist and teacher at Lysenko Musical Academy who was blacklisted for most of his life because of his participation in the White movement during the Russian Civil War. Life Zaderatsky was born in Rivne, Volhynian Governorate, Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine) 21 December 1891 in the family of a Russian Imperial railway official. His family moved to Kursk while he was a child. He studied music at the Moscow Conservatory, being drafted in 1916 and fighting in World War I, from 1918–1920 in the army of Anton Denikin (see: South Russia (1919–1920)). After the war he continued his studies under Mikhail Ippolitov-Ivanov, graduating from the conservatory in 1923. From the mid-1920s began performing as a pianist, giving many solo concerts, and performing togethe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GULAG
The Gulag, an acronym for , , "chief administration of the camps". The original name given to the system of camps controlled by the State Political Directorate, GPU was the Main Administration of Corrective Labor Camps (, )., name=, group= was the government agency in charge of the Soviet Union, Soviet network of Correctional labour camp, forced labour camps which were set up by order of Vladimir Lenin, reaching its peak during Joseph Stalin's rule from the 1930s to the early 1950s. English-language speakers also use the word ''gulag'' in reference to each of the forced-labor camps that existed in the Soviet Union, including the camps that existed in the History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953), post-Lenin era. The Gulag is recognized as a major instrument of political repression in the Soviet Union. The camps housed a wide range of convicts, from petty criminals to political prisoners, a large number of whom were convicted by simplified procedures, such as NKVD troikas or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boris Ruchyov
Boris Aleksandrovich Ruchyev (official surname: Krivoshchyokov) (russian: Бори́с Алекса́ндрович Ручьёв (Кривощёков), 1913—1973) was a Soviet Russian poet, most of whose life and work was related to the city of Magnitogorsk. He is an author of about 30 books of poetry and a recipient of several state awards and decorations. After a not very successful start as a young poet, in 1930 he decides to become a construction worker at Magnitostroy, the constriction project of the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works. While working there, he continued his poetic works, now at the pen name, Boris Ruchyov. Soon he started gaining recognition. In 1937 he was falsely accused of a counter-revolutionary crime and in 1938 sentenced to 10 years of Gulag labor camps in accordance with Article 58. He served his time in Sevvostlag. He is one of the poets thought to be the author of the "unofficial Gulag anthem", '' Vaninsky port''. After the release he was for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ust-Srednekan
Ust-Srednekan (russian: Усть-Среднекан) is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Srednekansky District of Magadan Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Kolyma River, where it is joined by its tributary the Srednekan, from Seymchan, the administrative center of the district. Population: 27 ( 2010 Census).Resolution #305-pa Ust-Srednekan has been completely depopulated since 2013, but it has not been officially abolished.On 5 July 2022, a maximum temperature of was registered. History In 1932, it became the seat of administration for the Sevvostlag forced-labor camps, although these operations were later moved to Nagaev Bay and then to the city of Magadan Magadan ( rus, Магадан, p=məɡɐˈdan) is a port town and the administrative center of Magadan Oblast, Russia, located on the Sea of Okhotsk in Nagayev Bay (within Taui Bay) and serving as a gateway to the Kolyma region. History Ma .... Ust-Srednekan remained a mining center, although its p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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