|
Serra Geral
The Serra Geral (General Mountains) is a mountain range in southern Brazil, constituting the southern portion of the Serra do Mar system which runs along Brazil's southeastern coast. The Serra Geral runs parallel to the Atlantic coast in Santa Catarina and northern Rio Grande do Sul states, separating a narrow coastal plain from an interior plateau. The coastal plain is characterized by short rivers and frequent lagoons and bays, and lies within the humid tropical Serra do Mar coastal forests ecoregion. The plateau to the west of the range is drained by tributaries of the Uruguay River, including the Pelotas and Canoas, and by the Jacuí River and its tributaries, which drains south into the Lagoa dos Patos of Rio Grande do Sul. The Serra Geral is home to Aparados da Serra National Park and Serra Geral National Park, which are notable for their enormous canyons. The plateau is the coldest part of Brazil, with frequent frosts and yearly snow, being home to the montane Ara ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mapa De Relevo Do Sul Do Brasil
Mapa or MAPA may refer to: People * Alec Mapa (born 1965), American actor, comedian and writer * Dennis Mapa (born 1969), Filipino economist and statistician * Jao Mapa (born 1976), Filipino actor * Placido Mapa Jr. (born 1932), Filipino businessman, economist, and government official * Suraj Mapa (born 1980), Sri Lankan actor * Victorino Mapa (1855–1927), Filipino chief justice and government official Other uses * "Mapa" (song), a 2021 song by SB19 * Mexican American Political Association * Mapa (publisher), an Israeli subsidiary of Ituran * Mapa Group, a Turkish conglomerate * Mapa, a company producing latex gloves that merged with Hutchinson SA in 1973 * Most Affected People and Areas Most Affected People and Areas, also known by its acronym MAPA, is a term that represents groups and territories disproportionately affected by climate change, such as women, indigenous communities, racial minorities, LGBTQIA+ people, young, older ..., a climate justice concept * Mapa (gir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frost
Frost is a thin layer of ice on a solid surface, which forms from water vapor that deposits onto a freezing surface. Frost forms when the air contains more water vapor than it can normally hold at a specific temperature. The process is similar to the formation of dew, except it occurs below the freezing point of water typically without crossing through a liquid state. Air always contains a certain amount of water vapor, depending on temperature. Warmer air can hold more than colder air. When the atmosphere contains more water than it can hold at a specific temperature, its relative humidity rises above 100% becoming supersaturated, and the excess water vapor is forced to deposit onto any nearby surface, forming seed crystals. The temperature at which frost will form is called the dew point, and depends on the humidity of the air. When the temperature of the air drops below its dew point, excess water vapor is forced out of solution, resulting in a phase change directly fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Namibia
Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country on the west coast of Southern Africa. Its borders include the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Angola and Zambia to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south; in the northeast, approximating a quadripoint, Zimbabwe lies less than 200 metres (660 feet) away along the Zambezi, Zambezi River near Kazungula, Zambia. Namibia's capital and largest city is Windhoek. Namibia is the driest country in sub-Saharan Africa, and has been inhabited since prehistoric times by the Khoekhoe, Khoi, San people, San, Damara people, Damara and Nama people. Around the 14th century, immigration, immigrating Bantu peoples arrived as part of the Bantu expansion. From 1600 the Ovambo people#History, Ovambo formed kingdoms, such as Ondonga and Oukwanyama. In 1884, the German Empire established rule over most of the territory, forming a colony known as German South West Africa. Between 1904 and 1908, German troops waged a punitive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola, is a country on the west-Central Africa, central coast of Southern Africa. It is the second-largest Portuguese-speaking world, Portuguese-speaking (Lusophone) country in both total area and List of countries and dependencies by population, population and is the List of African countries by area, seventh-largest country in Africa. It is bordered by Namibia to the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Zambia to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Angola has an Enclave and exclave, exclave province, the province of Cabinda Province, Cabinda, that borders the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The capital and most populous city is Luanda. Angola has been inhabited since the Paleolithic, Paleolithic Age. After the Bantu expansion reached the region, states were formed by the 13th century and organised into confederations. The Kingdom of Kongo ascended to achieve hegemony among the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Cretaceous
The Early Cretaceous (geochronology, geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphy, chronostratigraphic name) is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous. It is usually considered to stretch from 143.1 Megaannum#SI prefix multipliers, Ma to 100.5 Ma. Geology Proposals for the exact age of the Barremian–Aptian boundary ranged from 126 to 117 Ma until recently (as of 2019), but based on drillholes in Svalbard the defining Anoxic event#Cretaceous, early Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a) was dated to 123.1±0.3 Ma, limiting the possible range for the boundary to c. 122–121 Ma. There is a possible link between this anoxic event and a series of Early Cretaceous large igneous provinces (LIP). The Ontong Java Plateau, Ontong Java-Manihiki Plateau, Manihiki-Hikurangi Plateau, Hikurangi large igneous province, emplaced in the South Pacific at c. 120 Ma, is by far the largest LIP in Earth's history. The Onto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Large Igneous Province
A large igneous province (LIP) is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including intrusive ( sills, dikes) and extrusive (lava flows, tephra deposits), arising when magma travels through the crust towards the surface. The formation of LIPs is variously attributed to mantle plumes or to processes associated with divergent plate tectonics. The formation of some of the LIPs in the past 500 million years coincide in time with mass extinctions and rapid climatic changes, which has led to numerous hypotheses about causal relationships. LIPs are fundamentally different from any other currently active volcanoes or volcanic systems. Overview Definition In 1992, Coffin and Eldholm initially defined the term "large igneous province" as representing a variety of mafic igneous provinces with areal extent greater than 100,000 km2 that represented "massive crustal emplacements of predominantly mafic (magnesium- and iron-rich) extrusive and intrusive rock, and origin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraná And Etendeka Traps
The Paraná-Etendeka Large Igneous Province (PE-LIP) (or Paraná and Etendeka Plateau; or Paraná and Etendeka Province) is a large igneous province that includes both the main Paraná traps (in Paraná Basin, a South American geological basin) as well as the smaller severed portions of the flood basalts at the Etendeka traps (in northwest Namibia and southwest Angola). The original basalt flows occurred 136 to 132 million years ago. The province had a post-flow surface area of and an original volume projected to be in excess of 2.3 million km3. Geodynamics The basalt samples at Paraná and Etendeka have an age of about 132 Ma, during the Valanginian stage of the Early Cretaceous. Indirectly, the rifting and extension are probably the origin of the Paraná and Etendeka traps and it could be the origin of the Gough and Tristan da Cunha Islands as well, as they are connected by the Walvis Ridge (Gough/ Tristan hotspot). The seamounts of the Rio Grande Rise (25°S to 3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basalt
Basalt (; ) is an aphanite, aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the planetary surface, surface of a terrestrial planet, rocky planet or natural satellite, moon. More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. Rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt is chemically equivalent to slow-cooling, coarse-grained gabbro. The eruption of basalt lava is observed by geologists at about 20 volcanoes per year. Basalt is also an important rock type on other planetary bodies in the Solar System. For example, the bulk of the plains of volcanism on Venus, Venus, which cover ~80% of the surface, are basaltic; the lunar mare, lunar maria are plains of flood-basaltic lava flows; and basalt is a common rock on the surface of Mars. Molten basalt lava has a low viscosity due to its relatively low silica content (between 45% and 52%), resulting in rapidly moving lava flo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bom Jardim Da Serra
Bom Jardim da Serra is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil. It has an area of approximately 935 km2. The city is one of the coldest in Brazil and sometimes there is chance of snow. History Bom Jardim da Serra was a part of São Joaquim municipality, the city was discovered in 1870, and it became municipality on 26 January 1967. Geography Located at 1,245 meters above sea level, Bom Jardim da Serra is a calm city, with its 4,772 inhabitants. The average temperature is 5 °C (41 °F) in the winter and 14 °C (57 °F) during the summer. On June 19, 2023, in Bom Jardim da Serra, a temperature of was recorded. This temperature was the lowest temperature recorded in a standardized station of Santa Catarina state, surpassing the -10 °C recorded in São Joaquim, on August 2, 1991. See also *List of municipalities in Santa Catarina *Snow in Brazil Snow in Brazil occurs yearly in the Plateau, high plains of the country's South Region, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
São Joaquim
São Joaquim is a Municipalities of Brazil, municipality in the States of Brazil, state of Santa Catarina (state), Santa Catarina, situated in southern Brazil. Its population in 2020 was 27,139 inhabitants. Located in the Planalto Serrano, it lies from Tubarão, from Lages and from Florianópolis. The town is home to a variety of ethnic groups, including Italian Brazilian, Italian, German, Portuguese Brazilian, Portuguese, Japanese Brazilian, Japanese and Afro-Brazilian, Afro-Brazilians. There are also many people from other states in Brazil, especially from Rio Grande do Sul. Economy The town's economy was once based on livestock, but recently the cultivation of fruits such as apples has become more prominent. Today, São Joaquim is the largest producer of fruit in the state, with over 1000 small producers. Tourism is also important for the town, as it is one of the coldest places in Brazil and sometimes receives Snow in Brazil, snowfall, a rather uncommon occurrence in most of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urupema
Urupema is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil. It has an area of approximately 353 km², a population of 2,656 inhabitants as of 2022 and a GDP per capita of R$ 36,058 as of 2021. It is often cited as the coldest city in Brazil. Early history The name Urupema (with variations including ''urupemba'', ''arupemba'', ''gurupema'' and ''jurupema'') refers to a sieve made of vegetal fiber and used domestically to sieve cornmeal and cassava flour and in fishing. The city's first inhabitants were attracted by the abundance of resources provided by the local Paraná pines, a coniferous tree which, at the time, was the main source of food for native populations during fall and winter. Unlike Amerindians in North America who used the fur of bisons and moose, the natives of Brazil did not have any similar large animals available. Urupema became a municipality on 4 January 1988. Its patron saint is Saint Anne. Climate Urupema has a temperate o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urubici
Urubici is a southern Brazilian municipality located in the state of Santa Catarina. History Economy The economy of the region is based on agriculture and tourism. Neighboring cities Some of the nearest cities are São Joaquim-60 km (37.28 mi.), Lages, Tubarão, and Criciúma. Access Access to the city is by the SC-110 state highway. Climate The climate of the area is temperate, with temperatures ranging between 12 °C (53.6 °F) and 16 °C (60.8 °F). In the months of June, July, and August, the thermometers get to show negative temperatures, and it can snow. The minimum record temperature (it's also the Brazilian minimum record temperature) was -17.8 °C (0 °F) at Morro da Igreja, the highest inhabited point of this municipality. Universities and colleges Schools Tourism The town of Urubici was founded in 1915, as the village of São Joaquim. Today, its natural beauties attract tourists and backpackers from all corners of Bra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
