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Serra Dos Cocais
The Serra dos Cocais (English: Cocais Mountains) is a mountain chain located in the Brazilian municipality of Coronel Fabriciano, in the interior of the state of Minas Gerais. It is part of the geologic province of the Espinhaço mountains and is composed of continuous blocks of granite over 600 million years old. Its altitude, which reaches a high point of 1200 meters above sea level, stands out from the surrounding terrain with average altitudes ranging between 500 and 800 meters. It contains an important remnant of the Atlantic Forest, in the middle of considerable reforestation with eucalyptus, and has been considered an area of environmental protection since 2002. The population that lives on farms or in rural villages in the Serra dos Cocais is estimated to be about two thousand. It is located about 20 kilometers from the urban center of Coronel Fabriciano and possesses great tourist and cultural relevance, having several waterfalls and viewpoints, as well as housing folk ...
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Coronel Fabriciano
Coronel Fabriciano is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in the Southeast region of Brazil. It is located in the region of Vale do Rio Doce and is situated 200 km from the state capital. The municipal population was estimated in 2020 by IBGE in 110,290 inhabitants. The area is ( of urban area). The municipality was emancipated from Antônio Dias in 1948 and its name is a tribute to Lieutenant colonel Fabriciano Felisberto Carvalho de Brito.Revista Caminhos Gerais, number 18, page 7 The town was situated in the Vale do Aço (''Steel Valley'') metropolitan area, between the largest steel industries of Minas Gerais state; Usiminas, in Ipatinga, and the Aperam South America, in Timóteo. These industries were situated in Fabriciano at they time they were constructed, and were essential to the development of the city. However, these facilities are located within the area of Ipatinga and Timóteo respectively, which were emancipated from Coronel Fabricano, and incorpora ...
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Off-roading
Off-roading is the activity of driving or riding in a vehicle on unpaved surfaces such as sand, gravel, riverbeds, mud, snow, rocks, and other natural terrain. Types of off-roading range in intensity, from leisure drives with unmodified vehicles, to competitions with customised vehicles and professional drivers. Off-roaders have been met with criticism for the environmental damage caused by their vehicles. There have also been extensive debates over the role of government in regulating the sport, including a Supreme Court case brought against the Bureau of Land Management in the United States. Off-road vehicle Travelling over difficult terrain requires vehicles capable of off-road driving such as ATVs. These vehicles have features designed specifically for use in off-road conditions such as extended ground clearance, off-road tires and a strengthened drive-train. Some manufacturers offer vehicles specifically designed for off-road use. Recreational off-roading Some e ...
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Hawk
Hawks are birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. They are widely distributed and are found on all continents except Antarctica. * The subfamily Accipitrinae includes goshawks, sparrowhawks, sharp-shinned hawks and others. This subfamily are mainly woodland birds with long tails and high visual acuity. They hunt by dashing suddenly from a concealed perch. * In America, members of the '' Buteo'' group are also called hawks; this group is called buzzards in other parts of the world. Generally, buteos have broad wings and sturdy builds. They are relatively larger-winged, shorter-tailed and fly further distances in open areas than accipiters. Buteos descend or pounce on their prey rather than hunting in a fast horizontal pursuit. The terms ''accipitrine hawk'' and ''buteonine hawk'' are used to distinguish between the types in regions where ''hawk'' applies to both. The term ''"true hawk"'' is sometimes used for the accipitrine hawks in regions where ''buzzard'' is pre ...
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Crested Caracara
The crested caracara (''Caracara plancus'') is a bird of prey in the family Falconidae. It is found from the southern United States through Central and South America to Tierra del Fuego. It was formerly placed in the genus ''Polyborus''. Description The crested caracara has a total length of and a wingspan of . Its weight is , averaging in seven birds from Tierra del Fuego.''CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses, 2nd Edition'' by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (2008), . Individuals from the colder southern part of its range average larger than those from tropical regions (as predicted by Bergmann's rule) and are the largest type of caracara. In fact, they are the second-largest species of falcon in the world by mean body mass, second only to the gyrfalcon. The cap, belly, thighs, most of the wings, and tail tip are dark brownish, the auriculars (feathers surrounding the ear), throat, and nape are whitish-buff, and the chest, neck, mantle, back, upper tail coverts, cris ...
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Penelope (genus)
''Penelope'' is a bird genus in the family Cracidae consisting of a number of large turkey-like arboreal species, the typical guans. The range of these species is in forests from southern Mexico to tropical South America. These large birds have predominantly brown plumage and have relatively small heads when compared to the size of their bodies; they also bear a characteristic dewlap. Body lengths are typically 65 to 95 centimeters. Most of the genus members have a typically raucous honking call. A number of the genus members are endangered species and at least one is critically endangered, usually due to tropical deforestation and hunting. In the case of several species the estimated populations are as low as a few 1000 mature birds, spread over a considerable area. Because of the scarcity of many of the genus members and also due to the habitat being often in deep or high altitude forests, little is known about some of the species habits and reproduction; in fact, some ...
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Usiminas
Usiminas is one of the largest producers of steel in the Americas, with major steel mills in Brazil with a total capacity of 9.5 million metric tons of steel per year. The company accounts for 28% of total steel output in Brazil. Usiminas has an installed capacity of producing 9.5 million tons of crude steel. The company also operates in the logistics sector through a stake in logistic company MRS Logística. The Usiminas industrial complex is the largest plain steel complex in Latin America and one of the top 20 in the whole world. The company was one of the largest shareholders in the Argentine company Ternium Ternium S.A. is a manufacturer of flat and long steel products with production centers in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, and the United States. It is the leading steel company in Latin America with highly integrated processes to m ..., accounting for 14.2% of total capital. References See also * Ipatinga massacre Steel companies of Brazil ...
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Aperam South America
Aperam South America, old Acesita and ArcelorMittal Timóteo, is the biggest Brazilian manufacturer of specialty steels. Headquartered in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, the company is a supplier of stainless, silicon and special carbon steels. Aperam South America's steel market share in Brazil is estimated to be 90%, and it is the only stainless steel maker in Latin America. The company's main plant, at Timóteo in Minas Gerais, has an installed production capacity is 900,000 tons of steel per year. The company also mines iron ore. Aperam South America, then known Acesita, was founded October 31, 1944, among the cofounders was Percival Farquhar and got into the stainless steel business in the late 1970s. It was privatised by the Brazilian government in 1992. The French steel maker Usinor, now part of ArcelorMittal, took a controlling stake in Acesita 1998. In 2007, ArcelorMittal announced the rebranding of Acesita to ArcelorMittal Inox Brasil. The company's stock is traded ...
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Doce River
The Doce River (literally the "sweet river"; pt, Rio Doce ) is a river in southeast Brazil with a length of . The river basin is economically important. In 2015 the collapse of a dam released highly contaminated water from mining into the river, causing an ecological disaster. Course The Doce River is formed by the junction of the Piranga and the Carmo near the historical city of Ouro Preto, whose sources are located in the foothills of the Mantiqueira and Espinhaço mountain chains at altitudes of about 1,200 m. It flows in a northeastern direction via Ipatinga, makes a wide curve near Governador Valadares, and flows in a southeastern direction passing through Conselheiro Pena, to enter the Atlantic Ocean near Linhares in Espírito Santo state. Its main tributaries are the Piracicaba, Casca, Matipó, Caratinga-Cuieté, Manhuaçu, Santo Antônio and Suaçuí Grande, in Minas Gerais; the Pancas, Guandu, and São José, in Espírito Santo. Part of the river basin is contained ...
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Piracicaba River (Minas Gerais)
The Piracicaba River is a river of Minas Gerais state in southeastern Brazil. It is a tributary of the Doce River. The Piracicaba River forms the northern boundary of the Rio Doce State Park The Rio Doce State Park ( pt, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce) is a state park in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It protects a large remnant of Atlantic Forest, and includes a system of lagoons rich in species of native fish. Location The Rio D ... until the point where it enters the Doce River from the left. See also * List of rivers of Minas Gerais References Rivers of Minas Gerais {{MinasGerais-river-stub ...
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Atmospheric Pressure
Atmospheric pressure, also known as barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as , which is equivalent to 1013.25 millibars, 760 mm Hg, 29.9212 inchesHg, or 14.696 psi.International Civil Aviation Organization. ''Manual of the ICAO Standard Atmosphere'', Doc 7488-CD, Third Edition, 1993. . The atm unit is roughly equivalent to the mean sea-level atmospheric pressure on Earth; that is, the Earth's atmospheric pressure at sea level is approximately 1 atm. In most circumstances, atmospheric pressure is closely approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the weight of air above the measurement point. As elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing elevation. Because the atmosphere is thin relative to the Earth's radius—especially the dense atmospheric layer at low altitudes—the E ...
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Tropeiro
Tropeiro is the designation given to troop and commissions drovers of horse, cattle and mule moving between commercial regions and consumer centers in Brazil from the 17th century.FERREIRA, A. B. H. Novo dicionário da língua portuguesa. 2ª edição. Rio de Janeiro. Nova Fronteira. 1986. p. 1 721. Description Each entourage was divided into lots of seven animals, each in the care of a man who controlled them through shouts and whistles. Each animal carried about 120 kilograms and went as far as 3,000 kilometers. In addition to its important role in the economy, the tropeiro had important cultural importance as a vehicle for ideas and news between villages and communities which were distant from each other, at a time when there were no roads in Brazil. Along the routes they traveled, they helped to sprout several of today's cities in Brazil. The cities of Taubaté, Sorocaba, Santana de Parnaíba and São Vicente in São Paulo, Viamão and Cruz Alta in Rio Grande do S ...
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Naque
Naque is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in the Southeast region of Brazil. See also *List of municipalities in Minas Gerais This is a list of the municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais (MG), located in the Southeast Region of Brazil. Minas Gerais is divided into 853 municipalities, which are grouped into 66 microregions, which are grouped into 12 mesoregions. ... References Municipalities in Minas Gerais {{MinasGerais-geo-stub ...
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