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Sea Cliff
A cliffed coast, also called an abrasion coast, is a form of coast where the action of marine waves has formed steep cliffs that may or may not be precipitous. It contrasts with a flat or alluvial coast. Formation In coastal areas in which the land surface dips at a relatively steep angle below the water table, the continuous action of marine waves on the coastline, known as abrasion, may create a steep declivity known as a cliff, the slope angle of which depends on a variety of factors including the jointing, bedding and hardness of the materials making up the cliff as well as the erosional processes themselves.Herbert Louis and Klaus Fischer: ''Allgemeine Geomorphologie'', de Gruyter, 4th ed., Berlin 1979, pp. 532-537 The slope is constantly being eroded. The waves attacking the cliff-foot form a wave-cut notch by constant abrasion action producing an overhang. This overhang grows in size as the cliff is undercut, until it collapses under its own weight. The loose ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cliffed Coast (shematic View)
A cliffed coast, also called an abrasion coast, is a form of coast where the action of marine waves has formed steep cliffs that may or may not be precipitous. It contrasts with a Flat coast, flat or alluvial coast. Formation In coastal areas in which the land surface dips at a relatively steep angle below the water table, the continuous action of marine waves on the coastline, known as Abrasion (geology), abrasion, may create a steep declivity known as a cliff, the slope angle of which depends on a variety of factors including the jointing, bedding and hardness of the materials making up the cliff as well as the erosional processes themselves.Herbert Louis and Klaus Fischer: ''Allgemeine Geomorphologie'', de Gruyter, 4th ed., Berlin 1979, pp. 532-537 The slope is constantly being eroded. The waves attacking the cliff-foot form a wave-cut notch by constant abrasion action producing an overhang. This overhang grows in size as the cliff is undercut, until it collapses und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coastal Cliff Of Northern Chile
250px, View of the arid mountains near Iquique ending abruptly in the Pacific Ocean. The Coastal Cliff of northern Chile () stretches over a length of more than 1000 km along the Atacama Desert. It makes up a large part of the western boundary to the Chilean Coast Range in the regions of Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, and Atacama. According to Roland Paskoff, the modern cliff originated from a scarp retreat of a fault scarp, thus at present the cliff does not follow any fault. Paskoff, R. (1979). Sobre la Evolución Geomorfológica del gran acantilado costero del Norte Grande de Chile. '' Norte Grande'' (in Spanish). Universidad Católica de Chile, Instituto de Geografía, 6, 7-22. In some locations, a series of coastal benches can be found below the cliff. Despite alternating uplift and subsidence of the continent at a decadal timescale the cliff and the whole western edge of the South American Plate The South American plate is a major tectonic plate wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorset
Dorset ( ; Archaism, archaically: Dorsetshire , ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in South West England. It is bordered by Somerset to the north-west, Wiltshire to the north and the north-east, Hampshire to the east, the Isle of Wight across the Solent to the south-east, the English Channel to the south, and Devon to the west. The largest settlement is Bournemouth, and the county town is Dorchester, Dorset, Dorchester. The county has an area of and a population of 772,268. Around half of the population lives in the South East Dorset conurbation, which contains three of the county's largest settlements: Bournemouth (183,491), Poole (151,500), and Christchurch, Dorset, Christchurch (31,372). The remainder of the county is largely rural, and its principal towns are Weymouth, Dorset, Weymouth (53,427) and Dorchester, Dorset, Dorchester (21,366). Dorset contains two Unitary authorities in England, unitary districts: Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole (BCP) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Harry Rocks
Old Harry Rocks are three chalk formations, including a stack and a stump, located at Handfast Point, on the Isle of Purbeck in Dorset, southern England. They mark the most eastern point of the Jurassic Coast, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Location Old Harry Rocks lie directly east of Studland, about north east of Swanage, and about south of the large towns of Poole and Bournemouth. To the south are the chalk cliffs of Ballard Down, much of which is owned by the National Trust. The rocks can be viewed from the Dorset section of the South West Coast Path. Formation The chalk of Old Harry Rocks used to be part of a long stretch of chalk between Purbeck and the Isle of Wight, but remained as a headland after large parts of this seam were eroded away. As the headland suffered hydraulic action (a process in which air and water are forced into small cracks by the force of the sea, resulting in enlarging cracks), first caves, then arches formed. The tops of the arches coll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lange Anna
Lange Anna ("Tall Anna"), is a sea stack of Buntsandstein in the North Sea island of Heligoland, Germany. Its local name is ''Nathurn Stak'' ("Northern Stack").Maren Lindstaedt, Thomas Kersten: Ein virtueller Klon für Helgolands Lange Anna durch terrestrisches Laserscanning.'' In: Thomas Luhmann (Hrsg.): ''Photogrammetrie, Laserscanning, Optische 3D-Messtechnik – Beiträge der 4. Oldenburger 3D-Tage 2005.'' Wichmann-Verlag, Heidelberg, , S. 216-223. Climbing the stack is not allowed but tourists may view the rock from a distance. Lange Anna is somewhat similar to the Old Man of Hoy or Old Harry. In 1969 it was declared a natural monument A natural monument is a natural or cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. They can be natural geological and geographical features such as w .... The stack is subject to severe weathering wear and decomposition. It was decided that any ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stack (geology)
A stack or sea stack is a geological landform consisting of a steep and often vertical column or columns of rock in the sea near a coast, formed by wave erosion. Stacks are formed over time by wind and water, processes of coastal geomorphology. britannica.com They are formed when part of a is eroded by hydraulic action, which is the force of the sea or water crashing against the rock. The force of the water weakens cracks in the headland, causing them to later collapse, forming free-standing stacks and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Arch
A natural arch, natural bridge, or (less commonly) rock arch is a natural landform where an arch has formed with an opening underneath. Natural arches commonly form where inland cliffs, Cliffed coast, coastal cliffs, Fin (geology), fins or Stack (geology), stacks are subject to erosion from the sea, rivers or weathering (subaerial processes). Most natural arches are formed from narrow fins and sea stacks composed of sandstone or limestone with steep, often vertical, cliff faces. The formations become narrower due to erosion over geologic time scales. The softer rock stratum erodes away creating rock shelters, or alcoves, on opposite sides of the formation beneath the relatively harder stratum, or caprock, above it. The alcoves erode further into the formation eventually meeting underneath the harder caprock layer, thus creating an arch. The erosional processes exploit weaknesses in the softer rock layers making cracks larger and removing material more quickly than the caprock; ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eustasy
The eustatic sea level (from Greek εὖ ''eû'', "good" and στάσις ''stásis'', "standing") is the distance from the center of the Earth to the sea surface. An increase of the eustatic sea level can be generated by decreasing glaciation, increasing spreading rates of the mid-ocean ridges or increasing the number of mid-oceanic ridges. Conversely, increasing glaciation, decreasing spreading rates or fewer mid-ocean ridges can lead to a fall in the eustatic sea level. Changes in the eustatic sea level lead to changes in accommodation and therefore affect the deposition of sediments in marine environments. Overview The eustatic (global) sea level is the volume of Earth's oceans. This is not a physical level but instead represents the sea level if all of the water in the oceans were contained in a single basin. Eustatic sea level is not relative to local surfaces, because relative sea level depends on many factors – including tectonics, continental rise and subsidence. Eus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tectonics
Tectonics ( via Latin ) are the processes that result in the structure and properties of the Earth's crust and its evolution through time. The field of ''planetary tectonics'' extends the concept to other planets and moons. These processes include those of orogeny, mountain-building, the growth and behavior of the strong, old cores of continents known as cratons, and the ways in which the relatively rigid tectonic plate, plates that constitute the Earth's outer shell interact with each other. Principles of tectonics also provide a framework for understanding the earthquake and volcanic belts that directly affect much of the global population. Tectonic studies are important as guides for economic geology, economic geologists searching for fossil fuels and ore deposits of metallic and nonmetallic resources. An understanding of tectonic principles can help geomorphology, geomorphologists to explain Erosion and tectonics, erosion patterns and other Earth-surface features. Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wave-cut Platform
A wave-cut platform, shore platform, coastal bench, or wave-cut cliff is the narrow flat area often found at the base of a sea cliff or along the shoreline of a lake, bay, or sea that was created by erosion. Wave-cut platforms are often most obvious at low tide when they become visible as huge areas of flat rock. Sometimes the landward side of the platform is covered by sand, forming the beach, and then the platform can only be identified at low tides or when storms move the sand. __TOC__ Formation Wave-cut platforms form when destructive waves hit against the cliff face, causing an undercut between the high and low water marks, mainly as a result of abrasion, corrosion and hydraulic action, creating a wave-cut notch. This notch then enlarges into a cave. The waves undermine this portion until the roof of the cave cannot hold due to the pressure and freeze-thaw or biological weathering acting on it, and collapses, resulting in the cliff retreating landward. The base of the cave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norte Grande Geography Journal
''Norte Grande Geography Journal'' or ''Revista de geografía Norte Grande'' is an academic journal published by the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile The Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (UC Chile; ) is a traditional private university based in Santiago, Chile. It is one of the thirteen Catholic universities existing in Chilean university system and one of the two pontifical univ .... Its scope was initially confined to geography related topics of northern Chile. In 1980 it changed its name from ''Norte Grande'' to ''Revista de geografía Norte Grande'' reflecting a broadened scope to encompass all of Chile extending to Latin American topics. Sources''Revista de geografía Norte Grande''Retrieved 10 September 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2012. Multilingual journals Triannual journals Magazines published in Chile Pontifical Catholic University of Chile academic journals Academic journals established in 1974 Geography journals 1974 establishments in Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roland Paskoff
Roland Paskoff (20 March 1933 – 14 September 2005) was a French geologist expert in coastal geomorphology including Holocene tectonics and sea level change. While he was active studying the coast of the countries where he held university positions—that is Chile, France and Tunisia— he also conducted studies in Bahrain, Malta, the Seychelles and the Mascarene Islands The Mascarene Islands (, ) or Mascarenes or Mascarenhas Archipelago is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar consisting of islands belonging to the Republic of Mauritius as well as the French department of Réunion. Their na .... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Paskoff, Roland 1933 births 2005 deaths Academic staff of Tunis University 20th-century French geologists French geomorphologists University of Bordeaux alumni Academic staff of the University of Chile ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
