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Scottish Cultural Cringe
The Scottish cringe is a cultural cringe relating to Scotland, and claimed to exist by politicians and commentators. These cultural commentators claim that a sense of cultural inferiority is felt by many Scots, particularly in relation to the dominance of English culture within the culture of the United Kingdom, and consequently a sense of Scottish resentment and underachievement. The cringe is said to manifest as feelings of low self-worth and embarrassment felt by Scottish people in response to overt expressions of Scottish cultural identity and heritage such as the Lowland Scots and Scottish Gaelic languages, and the kilt . Former First Minister of Scotland Jack McConnell suggested in 2004 that the "Scottish cringe" included opposition to free-market capitalism and alleged that the cringe meant people felt "enterprise was even something to be ashamed of or embarrassed by". See also *Kailyard school * North Briton *Mongrel complex, for Brazilians * Scotlandshire *Scottish na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cultural Cringe
In the fields of cultural studies and social anthropology, cultural cringe is an expression used to refer to an internalized inferiority complex where people dismiss their own culture as inferior (''cringe-inducing)'' when compared to the cultures of other countries. In anthropology, cultural cringe is related to the concept of the colonial mentality (belief of inferiority), and usually is manifested in the anti-intellectualism deployed against intellectuals, scientists, and artists native to a colonized country or a former colony. Moreover, at the personal level, cultural cringe also is manifested as cultural alienation. Origin In 1894, Australian bush poet Henry Lawson wrote in his preface to his ''Short Stories in Prose and Verse'': The term "cultural cringe" was coined in Australia after the Second World War by the Melbourne critic and social commentator A. A. Phillips, and defined in an influential and highly controversial 1950 essay of the same name published in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Minister Of Scotland
The first minister of Scotland () is the head of government of Scotland. The first minister leads the Scottish Government, the Executive (government), executive branch of the devolved government and is the keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland, keeper of the Great Seal, one of the Great Officers of State (United Kingdom)#Scotland, great officers of state in Scotland. The first minister chairs the Scottish Cabinet and is primarily responsible for the formulation, development, and presentation of the Scottish Government's policies. Additional functions of the first minister include promoting and representing Scotland in an official capacity, at home and abroad, as part of the Scottish Government's approach to International relations of Scotland, international relations. The first minister is nominated by the Scottish Parliament by Member of the Scottish Parliament, members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs), and is formally appointed by the M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Terminology
Politics () is the set of activities that are associated with decision-making, making decisions in social group, groups, or other forms of power (social and political), power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of Social status, status or resources. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. Politics may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and non-violent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but the word often also carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or in a limited way, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political History Of Scotland
The politics of Scotland () operate within the constitution of the United Kingdom, of which Scotland is a Constituent countries of the United Kingdom, country. Scotland is a democracy, being represented in both the Scottish Parliament and the Parliament of the United Kingdom since the Scotland Act 1998. Most executive power is exercised by the Scottish Government, led by the First Minister of Scotland, first minister of Scotland, the head of government in a multi-party system. The judiciary of Scotland, dealing with Scots law, is independent of the legislature and the Scottish Government, and is headed by the Lord Advocate who is the principal legal adviser to the Scottish Government. Scots law is primarily determined by the Scottish Parliament. The Scottish Government shares limited executive powers, notably over reserved matters, with the Scotland Office, a British government department led by the Secretary of State for Scotland. The Kingdom of Scotland entered a fiscal and p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-Scottish Sentiment
Anti-Scottish sentiment is disdain, discrimination, or hatred for Scotland, the Scots, or Scottish culture. It may also include the persecution or oppression of the Scottish people as an ethnic group or nation. It can also be referred to as Scotophobia or Albaphobia. Middle Ages Much of the anti-Scottish literature of the Middle Ages drew heavily on the writings from Greek and Roman antiquity. The writings of Ptolemy in particular dominated concepts of Scotland till the Late Middle Ages and drew on stereotypes perpetuating fictitious, as well as satirical accounts of the Kingdom of the Scots. The English Church and the propaganda of royal writs from 1337 to 1453 encouraged a barbarous image of the kingdom as it allied with England's enemy, the Kingdom of France, during the Hundred Years' War. Medieval authors seldom visited Scotland but called on such accounts as "''common knowledge''", influencing the works of Boece's "''Scotorum Historiae''" (Paris 1527) and Camden's "' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scottish National Identity
Scottish national identity, including Scottish nationalism, are terms referring to the sense of national identity as embodied in the shared and characteristic culture of Scotland, culture, Languages of Scotland, languages, and :Scottish traditions, traditions of the Scottish people. It includes the Civics, civic, ethnic, cultural, or economic influences found in Scotland. Although the various languages of Scottish Gaelic, Gaelic, Scots language, Scots, and Scottish English are distinctive, people associate them all together as Scottish with a shared identity, as well as a regional or local identity. Parts of Scotland, like Glasgow, the Outer Hebrides, Orkney, Shetland, the northeast of Scotland, and the Scottish Borders, retain a strong sense of regional identity, alongside the Scottish national identity. In 2022 the Scottish Government defined "national identity" as "a feeling of attachment to a nation". At the 2011 United Kingdom census#2011 census for Scotland, 2011 census 8 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scotlandshire
Scotlandshire is a term usedOld Men in Love: John Tunnock's Posthumous Papers; p.146; By Alasdair Gray; Published 2007 Bloomsbury; Scotland's Relations with England: A Survey to 1707; p.243; By William Ferguson; Published 1994 Saltire Society; to denote either the anglicisation of Scotland or the subordinate political relationship with England. It is recorded as early as 1706 in James Hodges's anti-Union ''Third Treatise''. By placing the suffix ''-shire'' after the country's name, the term parodies the early modern tendency to place the word ''-shire'' after some ancient Scottish regions, as well as implicating in a tongue-in-cheek manner that Scotland has the status of an English county, rather than that of a distinct nation. Hence, the term is political in nature. Several historic regions of Scotland have at times had the suffix ''-shire'' added when Scotland broadly adopted English-style county councils during the 19th century. *Argyll - Argyllshire * Bute (County of) - Bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongrel Complex
"Mongrel complex", or alternatively "mutt complex" (), is a expression that refers to a feeling of "collective inferiority complex" reportedly felt by many Brazilians when comparing Brazil and its culture to other parts of the world. Background The term was originally coined by novelist and writer Nelson Rodrigues, initially referring to the trauma suffered by Brazilians in 1950 when the national football team was defeated by Uruguay's national team in the final match of the 1950 World Cup, which was held at the Maracanã in Rio de Janeiro. The estimated 200,000 spectators at the stadium that day were stunned into an eerie silence after the match concluded, some so distraught they committed suicide inside the stadium. Brazil would recover, at least when it comes to football, in 1958, winning the World Cup for the first of five times. For Rodrigues, the phenomenon was not exclusively related to sport. According to him: The expression "mongrel complex" was rediscovered ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Briton
North Britain is a term which has been used, particularly between the 17th and 19th centuries, for either the northern part of Great Britain or Scotland, which occupies the northernmost third of the island. "North Britains" could also refer to Britons from Scotland; with North Briton later the standard spelling. Its counterparts were South Britain, generally used to refer to England and Wales and West Britain, usually referring to Ireland. Origin Early uses of the designation have been noted after the 1603 Union of the Crowns of the Kingdoms of England and Scotland. In early use the term could refer to inhabitants of Scotland as well as the country itself; since at least the late 15th century, "Britain" could be equivalent to "Briton", even being used interchangeably in early texts. Accordingly, "North Britain" was sometimes used as equivalent to "North Briton". Francis Bacon wrote in 1604 that the union made "The people to be the South-Brittains and North-Brittains". The ''Oxf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kailyard School
The Kailyard school is a proposed literary movement of Scottish literature, Scottish fiction; kailyard works were published and were most popular roughly from 1880–1914. The term originated from literary critics who mostly disparaged the works said to be within the school; it was not a term of self-identification used by authors alleged to be within it. According to these critics, kailyard literature depicted an idealised version of rural Scottish life, and was typically unchallenging and sentimental. Origin and etymology The "Kailyard school" was first given that name in an article published April 1895 in the ''New Review'' by J.H. Millar, though its editor William Ernest Henley was heavily implicated to have created the term. The term was meant as a criticism that a certain group of Scottish authors offered an overly sentimental and idyllic representation of rural life, but it was potentially more a gripe against the popularity of the authors. The name derives from the Scots l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BBC News Online
BBC News Online is the website of BBC News, the division of the BBC responsible for newsgathering and production. It is one of the most popular news websites, with 1.2 billion website visits in April 2021, as well as being used by 60% of the UK's internet users for news. The website contains international news coverage, as well as British, entertainment, science, and political news. Many reports are accompanied by audio and video from the BBC's BBC Television, television and BBC Radio, radio news services, while the latest TV and radio bulletins are also available to view or listen to on the site together with other current affairs programmes. BBC News Online is closely linked to its sister department website, that of BBC Sport. Both sites follow similar layout and content options and respective journalists work alongside each other. Location information provided by users is also shared with the website of BBC Weather to provide local content. From 1998 to 2001 the site was n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jack McConnell
Jack Wilson McConnell, Baron McConnell of Glenscorrodale, (born 30 June 1960) is a Scottish politician who served as first minister of Scotland and leader of the Labour Party in Scotland from 2001 to 2007. McConnell served as the Minister for Finance from 1999 to 2000 and Minister for Education, Europe and External Affairs from 2000 to 2001. He has been a Labour life peer in the House of Lords since 2010 and previously served as a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Motherwell and Wishaw from 1999 to 2011. McConnell held the Presidency of the Conference of European Regions with Legislative Power (REGLEG) during November 2003 to November 2004. Born in Irvine, Ayrshire, McConnell studied at the University of Stirling and worked as a mathematics teacher at Lornshill Academy. His political career began when he was elected to Stirling District Council, while he was still teaching. He served as a member of the Scottish Constitutional Convention, having campaigned i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
