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Scheherazade New
Scheherazade New, formerly Scheherazade, is a traditional Naskh styled font for Arabic script created by SIL, freely available under the Open Font License. It supports a wide range of Arabic-based writing system encoded in Unicode. The font offers two family members: regular and bold. Scheherazade New supports Graphite and OpenType technologies for contextual shaping, ligatures, and dynamic diacritics positioning, also provides advanced rendering features including localized forms, character variants. It is licensed under the SIL Open Font License (OFL), and can be downloaded free of charge. Demonstration Notice that the earlier version looks smaller, but nevertheless has a more complete coverage of some rare characters and only one character failed to render properly. ''SF Arabic'' is here to demonstrate how the letters are supposed to look like; available to ''Apple'' users and has a complete Arabic coverage. For this demonstration to succeed, you need to install both fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naskh (script)
Naskh ( ar, , qalam an-naskh, from the verb , , 'to copy', from n-s-kh root (ن-س-خ)) is a smaller, round script of Islamic calligraphy. Naskh is one of the first scripts of Islamic calligraphy to develop, commonly used in writing administrative documents and for transcribing books, including the Qur’an, because of its easy legibility. In his 1617 ''Grammatica Arabica'', Thomas van Erpe defined naskhī characters as the "noblest and true writing style". Origin Naskh style of writing can be found as early as within the first century of the Islamic calendar. Round scripts became the most popular in the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth centuries, due to their use by scribes. Ibn Muqla is credited with standardizing the "Six Pens" of Islamic calligraphy, also including , , , , and . These are known as "the proportioned scripts" () or "the six scripts" (). Kufic is commonly believed to predate naskh, but historians have traced the two scripts as coexisting long before th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SIL Open Font License
The SIL Open Font License (or OFL in short) is one of the major open font licenses, which allows embedding, or "bundling", of the font in commercially sold products. OFL is a free and open source license. It was created by SIL International, the organization behind '' Ethnologue.'' History The Open Font License was created by SIL International employees Victor Gaultney and Nicolas Spalinger. Gaultney had previously designed the Gentium font and was unsatisfied with existing font licenses. The Open Font License was designed for use with many of SIL's Unicode fonts, including Gentium Plus, Charis SIL, and Andika. The license was in a "public review" stage between 2005 and 2007 and version 1.1 was published in February 2007. Prior to the release of the OFL, the Bitstream Vera fonts had been released in 2003 under most of the same terms and conditions. Open-source fonts are a popular choice among designers, and most open-source fonts utilize the Open Font License. For ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Script
The Arabic script is the writing system used for Arabic and several other languages of Asia and Africa. It is the second-most widely used List of writing systems by adoption, writing system in the world by number of countries using it or a script directly derived from it, and the third-most by number of users (after the Latin script, Latin and Chinese characters, Chinese scripts). The script was first used to write texts in Arabic, most notably the Quran, the holy book of Islam. With the religion's spread, it came to be used as the primary script for many language families, leading to the addition of new letters and other symbols. Such languages still using it are: Persian language, Persian (Western Persian, Farsi/Dari), Malay language, Malay (Jawi alphabet, Jawi), Uyghur language, Uyghur, Kurdish languages, Kurdish, Punjabi language, Punjabi (Shahmukhi), Sindhi language, Sindhi, Balti language, Balti, Balochi language, Balochi, Pashto, Luri language, Lurish, Urdu, Kashmiri lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SIL International
SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics) is an evangelical Christian non-profit organization whose main purpose is to study, develop and document languages, especially those that are lesser-known, in order to expand linguistic knowledge, promote literacy, translate the Christian Bible into local languages, and aid minority language development. Based on its language documentation work, SIL publishes a database, '' Ethnologue'', of its research into the world's languages, and develops and publishes software programs for language documentation, such as FieldWorks Language Explorer (FLEx) and Lexique Pro. Its main offices in the United States are located at the International Linguistics Center in Dallas, Texas. History William Cameron Townsend, a Presbyterian minister, founded the organization in 1934, after undertaking a Christian mission with the Disciples of Christ among the Kaqchikel Maya people in Guatemala in the early 1930s.George Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Open Font License
The SIL Open Font License (or OFL in short) is one of the major open font licenses, which allows embedding, or "bundling", of the font in commercially sold products. OFL is a free and open source license. It was created by SIL International, the organization behind ''Ethnologue.'' History The Open Font License was created by SIL International employees Victor Gaultney and Nicolas Spalinger. Gaultney had previously designed the Gentium font and was unsatisfied with existing font licenses. The Open Font License was designed for use with many of SIL's Unicode fonts, including Gentium Plus, Charis SIL, and Andika. The license was in a "public review" stage between 2005 and 2007 and version 1.1 was published in February 2007. Prior to the release of the OFL, the Bitstream Vera fonts had been released in 2003 under most of the same terms and conditions. Open-source fonts are a popular choice among designers, and most open-source fonts utilize the Open Font License. For examp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graphite (SIL)
Graphite is a programmable Unicode-compliant smart font technology and rendering system developed by SIL International as free software, distributed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License and the Common Public License. Capabilities and comparison to other smart font technologies Graphite is based on the TrueType font format, and adds three of its own tables. It allows for a variety of rendering rules, including ligatures, glyph substitution, glyph insertion, glyph rearrangement, anchoring diacritics, kerning, and justification. Graphite rules may be sensitive to the context. For instance, there might be a glyph substitution rule that replaces every non-final '' s'' by an '' ſ''. In a Graphite font, all smart rendering information resides within the font file. In order to display the Graphite smart rendering, an application needs only Graphite support, but no built-in knowledge about the writing system’s rendering. This makes Graphite especially suited fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenType
OpenType is a format for scalable computer fonts. It was built on its predecessor TrueType, retaining TrueType's basic structure and adding many intricate data structures for prescribing typographic behavior. OpenType is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. The specification germinated at Microsoft, with Adobe Systems also contributing by the time of the public announcement in 1996. Because of wide availability and typographic flexibility, including provisions for handling the diverse behaviors of all the world's writing systems, OpenType fonts are used commonly on major computer platforms. History OpenType's origins date to Microsoft's attempt to license Apple's advanced typography technology GX Typography in the early 1990s. Those negotiations failed, motivating Microsoft to forge ahead with its own technology, dubbed "TrueType Open" in 1994. Adobe joined Microsoft in those efforts in 1996, adding support for the glyph outline technology used in its Type 1 fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apple OS
The following is a list of operating systems released by Apple Inc. Apple computers Apple II * Apple DOS is the first operating system for Apple computers. * Apple ProDOS * Apple GS/OS Apple III *Apple SOS Apple Lisa * Lisa OS * MacWorks XL Macintosh computers Classic Mac OS * System 1 * System 2 * System 3 * System 4 * System Software 5 – also marketed as System 5 * System Software 6 – also marketed as System 6 * System 7 – System 7.5.1 was the first to refer to itself as Mac OS, Mac OS 7.6 was the first to be branded as "Mac OS" * Mac OS 8 * Mac OS 9 – Mac OS 9.2.2 was the last version of Classic Mac OS Mac OS X / OS X / macOS macOS was previously known as Mac OS X and later OS X. * Mac OS X Public Beta – code name ''Kodiak'' * Mac OS X 10.0 – code name ''Cheetah'' * Mac OS X 10.1 – code name ''Puma'' * Mac OS X 10.2 – also marketed as ''Jaguar'' * Mac OS X Panther – 10.3 * Mac OS X Tiger – 10.4 * Mac OS X Leopard – 10.5 * Mac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fonts
In metal typesetting, a font is a particular size, weight and style of a typeface. Each font is a matched set of type, with a piece (a " sort") for each glyph. A typeface consists of a range of such fonts that shared an overall design. In modern usage, with the advent of computer fonts, the term "font" has come to be used as a synonym for "typeface", although a typical typeface (or "font family") consists of a number of fonts. For instance, the typeface "Bauer Bodoni" (sample shown here) includes fonts " Roman" (or "Regular"), "Bold" and ''" Italic"''; each of these exists in a variety of sizes. The term "font" is correctly applied to any one of these alone but may be seen used loosely to refer to the whole typeface. When used in computers, each style is in a separate digital "font file". In both traditional typesetting and modern usage, the word "font" refers to the delivery mechanism of the typeface. In traditional typesetting, the font would be made from metal or wood type: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naskh Script
Naskh ( ar, , qalam an-naskh, from the verb , , 'to copy', from n-s-kh root (ن-س-خ)) is a smaller, round script of Islamic calligraphy. Naskh is one of the first scripts of Islamic calligraphy to develop, commonly used in writing administrative documents and for transcribing books, including the Qur’an, because of its easy legibility. In his 1617 ''Grammatica Arabica'', Thomas van Erpe defined naskhī characters as the "noblest and true writing style". Origin Naskh style of writing can be found as early as within the first century of the Islamic calendar. Round scripts became the most popular in the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth centuries, due to their use by scribes. Ibn Muqla is credited with standardizing the "Six Pens" of Islamic calligraphy, also including , , , , and . These are known as "the proportioned scripts" () or "the six scripts" (). Kufic is commonly believed to predate naskh, but historians have traced the two scripts as coexisting long before their ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic Typefaces
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is the language of literature, official documents, and formal written m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
