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Sazanda
A sazanda or sazandar ( / سازنده; ; ; ka, საზანდარი; alternative spellings in English: sazende, sazandeh) is one of the three musicians in the traditional ensemble of instrumentalists performing along with a singer (khananda, in the case of an Azeri mugham performance) in the South Caucasus. The word means "builder" in Persian. The trio consists of a tarist, a kamanchist and a daf player. Historically the word sazanda(r) was applied to any instrumentalist from Anatolia, the Caucasus or Iran, who played a folk instrument. History and development The tradition of a musical trio of sazandas playing the aforementioned instruments did not originate until the beginning of the 20th century. According to Jabbar Garyagdioglu, the mugham ensembles of the early 19th century consisted of three musicians playing the tar, the kamancheh and the balaban. In the late 19th-century, the latter was replaced by gosha-naghara. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Music Of Armenia
The music of Armenia ( ''haykakan yerazhshtut’yun'') has its origins in the Armenian highlands, dating back to the 3rd millennium BC, 3rd millennium Common Era, BCE, and is a long-standing musical tradition that encompasses diverse secular and religious, or sacred, music (such as the ''sharakan'' Armenian chant and ''taghs'', along with the indigenous ''Khaz (notation), khaz'' musical notation). Folk music was notably collected and transcribed by Komitas Vardapet, a prominent composer and Musicology, musicologist, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, who is also considered the founder of the modern Armenian national school of music. Armenian music has been presented internationally by numerous artists, such as composers Aram Khachaturian, Alexander Arutiunian, Arno Babajanian, Haig Gudenian, and Karen Kavaleryan as well as by Folk music, traditional performers such as duduk player Djivan Gasparyan. Melodic basis Traditional Armenian folk music as well as Armenian chur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khananda
A khananda ( ; ; alternative spellings in English: khanende, khanande, khanandeh) is a name generally given to singers of mugham, an Culture of Azerbaijan, Azeri folk music genre. The word is of Persian origin and means "singer". When performing traditional mugham, a khananda is accompanied by a trio of musicians who play the tar (lute), tar, the kamancheh and the daf (tambourine). Often the khananda is the daf-player. Origins and development The exact origins of the art of khanandas have not been studied thoroughly however it is likely that it emerged during the urbanization in the Middle Ages, medieval epoch. In the growing cities, khanandas would perform at the events organized by the nobility, on weddings and fairs, in caravanserais and tea houses. With Persian language, Persian being the main language of the local literature at the time (mugham lyrics were based on Classical Islamic poetry), khanandas used it in their performance and therefore gained popularity mostly among ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bozlak
Bozlak is a form of Turkey, Turkish folk song from Central Anatolia accompanied by the long-necked baglama (divan sazı), davul and zurna. The main subjects of the melancholic songs are separation and love. The songs begin with a very high pitched vocal and end in a low vocal. The best known players are Toklumenli Aşık Said, Muharrem Ertaş, Neşet Ertaş, Hacı Taşan and Çekiç Ali. Bozlak, which is a form of uzun hava (long tune) in Turkish Folk Music, has been a form of music starting from Central Anatolia and an expression of the cultures of the Yoruk / Turkmen people, Turkmen and Afshar tribe, Avshar tribes which pursue a way of life based on yaylak (summer highland pasture)- and kislak (winter pasture). In terms of meaning, the word ‘bozlak’ has the meanings of to shout, to yell, to cry out, and to burst out. The bursting out of the sorrow, desolation and the outbreak that the Turkmens and Avshars experienced in daily life to the nature caused the emergence of the b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khananda
A khananda ( ; ; alternative spellings in English: khanende, khanande, khanandeh) is a name generally given to singers of mugham, an Culture of Azerbaijan, Azeri folk music genre. The word is of Persian origin and means "singer". When performing traditional mugham, a khananda is accompanied by a trio of musicians who play the tar (lute), tar, the kamancheh and the daf (tambourine). Often the khananda is the daf-player. Origins and development The exact origins of the art of khanandas have not been studied thoroughly however it is likely that it emerged during the urbanization in the Middle Ages, medieval epoch. In the growing cities, khanandas would perform at the events organized by the nobility, on weddings and fairs, in caravanserais and tea houses. With Persian language, Persian being the main language of the local literature at the time (mugham lyrics were based on Classical Islamic poetry), khanandas used it in their performance and therefore gained popularity mostly among ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Music Of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani music ( Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan musiqisi) is the musical tradition of the Azerbaijani people from the Azerbaijan Republic. Azerbaijani music has evolved under the badge of monody, producing rhythmically diverse melodies.Энциклопедический музыкальный словарь, 2-е изд., Москва, 1966 (''Encyclopedical Music Dictionary'' (1966-1967), 2nd ed., Moscow) Music from Azerbaijan has a branch mode system, where chromatisation of major and minor scales is of great importance. Classical music In 1920, Azerbaijani classical music had undergone a renaissance and the Baku Academy of Music was founded to give classical musicians the same support as folk musicians. Modern-day advocates of Western classical music in Azerbaijani include Farhad Badalbeyli, Fidan Gasimova and Franghiz Alizadeh. Opera and Ballet The emergence of opera and ballet in Azerbaijan is associated with the Imperial Russian and Soviet eras of Azerbaijani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ashik
An ashik (; ) or ashugh (; ka, :ka:აშუღი, აშუღი) is traditionally a List of oral repositories, singer-poet and bard who accompanies his song—be it a dastan (traditional epic story, also known as ''Azeri hikaye, hikaye'') or a shorter original composition—with a long-necked lute (usually a bağlama or bağlama, saz) in Music of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijani culture, including Music of Turkey, Turkish and Iranian Azeri, South Azerbaijani and non-Turkic cultures of Transcaucasia, South Caucasus (primarily Music of Armenia, Armenian and Music of Georgia (country), Georgian). In Azerbaijan, the Ashiqs of Azerbaijan, modern ashik is a professional musician who usually serves an apprenticeship, masters playing the bağlama, and builds up a varied but individual repertoire of Turkic peoples, Turkic folk songs.Colin P. Mitchell (Editor), New Perspectives on Safavid Iran: Empire and Society, 2011, Routledge, 90–92 Etymology The word ''ashiq'' (, meaning "in love" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nacre
Nacre ( , ), also known as mother-of-pearl, is an organicinorganic composite material produced by some molluscs as an inner shell layer. It is also the material of which pearls are composed. It is strong, resilient, and iridescent. Nacre is found in some of the most ancient lineages of bivalves, gastropods, and cephalopods. However, the inner layer in the great majority of mollusc shells is porcellaneous, not nacreous, and this usually results in a non-iridescent shine, or more rarely in non-nacreous iridescence such as ''flame structure'' as is found in conch pearls. The outer layer of cultured pearls and the inside layer of pearl oyster and freshwater pearl mussel shells are made of nacre. Other mollusc families that have a nacreous inner shell layer include marine gastropods such as the Haliotidae, the Trochidae and the Turbinidae. Physical characteristics Structure and appearance Nacre is composed of hexagonal platelets, called tablets, of aragonite (a form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gold
Gold is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol Au (from Latin ) and atomic number 79. In its pure form, it is a brightness, bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Chemically, gold is a transition metal, a group 11 element, and one of the noble metals. It is one of the least reactivity (chemistry), reactive chemical elements, being the second-lowest in the reactivity series. It is solid under standard temperature and pressure, standard conditions. Gold often occurs in free elemental (native state (metallurgy), native state), as gold nugget, nuggets or grains, in rock (geology), rocks, vein (geology), veins, and alluvial deposits. It occurs in a solid solution series with the native element silver (as in electrum), naturally alloyed with other metals like copper and palladium, and mineral inclusions such as within pyrite. Less commonly, it occurs in minerals as gold compounds, often with tellurium (gold tellurides). Gold is resistant to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gemstone
A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, semiprecious stone, or simply gem) is a piece of mineral crystal which, when cut or polished, is used to make jewellery, jewelry or other adornments. Certain Rock (geology), rocks (such as lapis lazuli, opal, and obsidian) and occasionally organic chemistry, organic materials that are not minerals (such as amber, Jet (gemstone), jet, and pearl) may also be used for jewelry and are therefore often considered to be gemstones as well. Most gemstones are hard, but some softer minerals such as brazilianite may be used in jewelry because of their color or Lustre (mineralogy), luster or other physical properties that have aesthetic value. However, generally speaking, soft minerals are not typically used as gemstones by virtue of their brittleness and lack of durability. Found all over the world, the industry of coloured gemstones (i.e. anything other than diamonds) is currently estimated at US$1.55billion and is projected to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Precious Metals
Precious metals are rare, naturally occurring metallic chemical elements of high economic value. Precious metals, particularly the noble metals, are more corrosion resistant and less chemically reactive than most elements. They are usually ductile and have a high lustre. Historically, precious metals were important as currency but they are now regarded mainly as investment and industrial raw materials. Gold, silver, platinum, and palladium each have an ISO 4217 currency code. The best known precious metals are the precious coinage metals, which are gold and silver. Although both have industrial uses, they are better known for their uses in art, jewelry, and coinage. Other precious metals include the platinum group metals: ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum, of which platinum is the most widely traded. The demand for precious metals is driven not only by their practical use but also by their role as investments and a store of value. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sadigjan
Mirza Sadig, more commonly known as Sadigjan (; 1846 – 1902), was an Azerbaijani folk musician, tar player, and the creator of the Azerbaijani tar (also known as upgraded tar). Sadigjan is one of the famous Azerbaijani tar players. By improving this instrument, Sadigjan expanded the possibilities of virtuoso playing on this instrument. He increased the number of strings from 5 to 13, made additional changes to the body of the instrument, and completely changed the system of frets on the tar's neck reducing their number from 27–28 to 22. Sadigjan introduced significant innovations in the Azerbaijani mugham improving the " Segah", "Mirza Huseyn Segah" and the "Mahur" mughams. The appearance in Azerbaijani music of "Mahur-Hindi", "Orta Mahur", "Zabul Segah", "Kharij Segah", "Yetim Segah", "Choban Bayati" mughams is associated with the work of Sadigjan and the Azerbaijani tar. In the 1890s, under the leadership of Sadigjan, an ensemble was created in Shusha. This included famo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azerbaijani People
Azerbaijanis (; , ), Azeris (, ), or Azerbaijani Turks (, ) are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Azerbaijan region of northwestern Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan. They are predominantly Shia Muslims. They comprise the largest ethnic group in the Republic of Azerbaijan and the second-largest ethnic group in neighboring Iran and Georgia. They speak the Azerbaijani language, belonging to the Oghuz branch of the Turkic languages. Following the Russo-Persian Wars of 1813 and 1828, the territories of Qajar Iran in the Caucasus were ceded to the Russian Empire and the treaties of Gulistan in 1813 and Turkmenchay in 1828 finalized the borders between Russia and Iran. After more than 80 years of being under the Russian Empire in the Caucasus, the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic was established in 1918 which defined the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Etymology Azerbaijan is believed to be named after '' Atropates'', a Persian satrap (governor) who ruled in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
